Luke 19NIV
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Luke19

New International Version

1Jesus entered Jericho and was passing through.

2A man was there by the name of Zacchaeus; he was a chief tax collector and was wealthy.

3He wanted to see who Jesus was, but because he was short he could not see over the crowd.

4So he ran ahead and climbed a sycamore-fig tree to see him, since Jesus was coming that way.

5When Jesus reached the spot, he looked up and said to him, “Zacchaeus, come down immediately. I must stay at your house today.”

6So he came down at once and welcomed him gladly.

7All the people saw this and began to mutter, “He has gone to be the guest of a sinner.”

8But Zacchaeus stood up and said to the Lord, “Look, Lord! Here and now I give half of my possessions to the poor, and if I have cheated anybody out of anything, I will pay back four times the amount.”

9Jesus said to him, “Today salvation has come to this house, because this man, too, is a son of Abraham.

10For the Son of Man came to seek and to save the lost.”

11While they were listening to this, he went on to tell them a parable, because he was near Jerusalem and the people thought that the kingdom of God was going to appear at once.

12He said: “A man of noble birth went to a distant country to have himself appointed king and then to return.

13So he called ten of his servants and gave them ten minas. ‘Put this money to work,’ he said, ‘until I come back.’

14“But his subjects hated him and sent a delegation after him to say, ‘We don’t want this man to be our king.’

15“He was made king, however, and returned home. Then he sent for the servants to whom he had given the money, in order to find out what they had gained with it.

16“The first one came and said, ‘Sir, your mina has earned ten more.’

17“‘Well done, my good servant!’ his master replied. ‘Because you have been trustworthy in a very small matter, take charge of ten cities.’

18“The second came and said, ‘Sir, your mina has earned five more.’

19“His master answered, ‘You take charge of five cities.’

20“Then another servant came and said, ‘Sir, here is your mina; I have kept it laid away in a piece of cloth.

21I was afraid of you, because you are a hard man. You take out what you did not put in and reap what you did not sow.’

22“His master replied, ‘I will judge you by your own words, you wicked servant! You knew, did you, that I am a hard man, taking out what I did not put in, and reaping what I did not sow?

23Why then didn’t you put my money on deposit, so that when I came back, I could have collected it with interest?’

24“Then he said to those standing by, ‘Take his mina away from him and give it to the one who has ten minas.’

25“‘Sir,’ they said, ‘he already has ten!’

26“He replied, ‘I tell you that to everyone who has, more will be given, but as for the one who has nothing, even what they have will be taken away.

27But those enemies of mine who did not want me to be king over them—bring them here and kill them in front of me.’”

28After Jesus had said this, he went on ahead, going up to Jerusalem.

29As he approached Bethphage and Bethany at the hill called the Mount of Olives, he sent two of his disciples, saying to them,

30“Go to the village ahead of you, and as you enter it, you will find a colt tied there, which no one has ever ridden. Untie it and bring it here.

31If anyone asks you, ‘Why are you untying it?’ say, ‘The Lord needs it.’”

32Those who were sent ahead went and found it just as he had told them.

33As they were untying the colt, its owners asked them, “Why are you untying the colt?”

34They replied, “The Lord needs it.”

35They brought it to Jesus, threw their cloaks on the colt and put Jesus on it.

36As he went along, people spread their cloaks on the road.

37When he came near the place where the road goes down the Mount of Olives, the whole crowd of disciples began joyfully to praise God in loud voices for all the miracles they had seen:

38“Blessed is the king who comes in the name of the Lord!” “Peace in heaven and glory in the highest!”

39Some of the Pharisees in the crowd said to Jesus, “Teacher, rebuke your disciples!”

40“I tell you,” he replied, “if they keep quiet, the stones will cry out.”

41As he approached Jerusalem and saw the city, he wept over it

42and said, “If you, even you, had only known on this day what would bring you peace—but now it is hidden from your eyes.

43The days will come upon you when your enemies will build an embankment against you and encircle you and hem you in on every side.

44They will dash you to the ground, you and the children within your walls. They will not leave one stone on another, because you did not recognize the time of God’s coming to you.”

45When Jesus entered the temple courts, he began to drive out those who were selling.

46“It is written,” he said to them, “‘My house will be a house of prayer’; but you have made it ‘a den of robbers.’”

47Every day he was teaching at the temple. But the chief priests, the teachers of the law and the leaders among the people were trying to kill him.

48Yet they could not find any way to do it, because all the people hung on his words.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Luke 19.

Full AI study →

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The conversion of Zaccheus. (1–10). The parable of the nobleman and his servants. (11–27). Christ enters Jerusalem. (28–40). Christ laments over Jerusalem. (41–48).

vv1-10

Those who sincerely desire a sight of Christ, like Zaccheus, will break through opposition, and take pains to see him. Christ invited himself to Zaccheus' house. Wherever Christ comes he opens the heart, and inclines it to receive him. He that has a mind to know Christ, shall be known of him. Those whom Christ calls, must humble themselves, and come down. We may well receive him joyfully, who brings all good with him. Zaccheus gave proofs publicly that he was become a true convert. He does not look to be justified by his works, as the Pharisee; but by his good works he will, through the grace of God, show the sincerity of his faith and repentance. Zaccheus is declared to be a happy man, now he is turned from sin to God. Now that he is saved from his sins, from the guilt of them, from the power of them, all the benefits of salvation are his. Christ is come to his house, and where Christ comes he brings salvation with him. He came into this lost world to seek and to save it. His design was to save, when there was no salvation in any other. He seeks those that sought him not, and asked not for him.

vv11-27

This parable is like that of the talents, Mt 25. Those that are called to Christ, he furnishes with gifts needful for their business; and from those to whom he gives power, he expects service. The manifestation of the Spirit is given to every man to profit withal, 1Co 12:7. And as every one has received the gift, so let him minister the same, 1Pe 4:10. The account required, resembles that in the parable of the talents; and the punishment of the avowed enemies of Christ, as well as of false professors, is shown. The principal difference is, that the pound given to each seems to point out the gift of the gospel, which is the same to all who hear it; but the talents, distributed more or less, seem to mean that God gives different capacities and advantages to men, by which this one gift of the gospel may be differently improved.

vv28-40

Christ has dominion over all creatures, and may use them as he pleases. He has all men's hearts both under his eye and in his hand. Christ's triumphs, and his disciples' joyful praises, vex proud Pharisees, who are enemies to him and to his kingdom. But Christ, as he despises the contempt of the proud, so he accepts the praises of the humble. Pharisees would silence the praises of Christ, but they cannot; for as God can out of stones raise up children unto Abraham, and turn the stony heart to himself, so he can bring praise out of the mouths of children. And what will be the feelings of men when the Lord returns in glory to judge the world!

Cross References

Luke 19
v30Zechariah 9:9fulfillment

Prophetic fulfillment of the King coming in peace, riding on a colt, the foal of an ass.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v12Matthew 25:14-30thematic

The primary sister parable (the Talents) illustrating stewardship of gifts and rewards upon Christ's return.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v38Psalms 118:22-26quotation

The direct Messianic quote shouted by the crowds: 'Blessed be the King that cometh...'

Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin

v46Jeremiah 7:11quotation

Direct citation of Jeremiah's warning regarding God's house being turned into a den of thieves.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v46Isaiah 56:7quotation

Direct citation of Isaiah's prophecy: 'My house shall be called an house of prayer.'

Supported by Matthew Poole

v2Luke 18:24-27contrast

Contrasts Zacchaeus's joyful generosity with the rich young ruler's sorrowful inability to part with riches.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v10Luke 15:32thematic

Direct thematic link to finding and rejoicing over that which was lost.

Supported by JFB

v11Acts 1:6thematic

Shows the persistent disciple expectation that the political kingdom of God would immediately appear.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v8Luke 3:8-13thematic

John the Baptist's specific call for publicans to bring forth fruits meet for repentance.

Supported by JFB

v9Romans 4:11thematic

Explains how Zacchaeus is a 'son of Abraham' by faith, not merely physical lineage.

Supported by JFB

v14Luke 19:27thematic

The resolution of the citizens' rebellion in the parable, previewing the destruction of Jerusalem.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v41Luke 13:34thematic

Parallels Christ's deep emotional lamentation and weeping over the impending destruction of Jerusalem.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v81 Samuel 12:3thematic

Samuel's public declaration of integrity and readiness to restore any defrauded goods.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v131 Peter 4:10thematic

Exhorts believers to minister their diverse spiritual gifts as good stewards of God's grace.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v44Micah 3:12thematic

Old Testament prophecy of Jerusalem being plowed as a field and left in ruins.

Supported by Matthew Poole