Luke 13NIV
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Luke13

New International Version

1Now there were some present at that time who told Jesus about the Galileans whose blood Pilate had mixed with their sacrifices.

2Jesus answered, “Do you think that these Galileans were worse sinners than all the other Galileans because they suffered this way?

3I tell you, no! But unless you repent, you too will all perish.

4Or those eighteen who died when the tower in Siloam fell on them—do you think they were more guilty than all the others living in Jerusalem?

5I tell you, no! But unless you repent, you too will all perish.”

6Then he told this parable: “A man had a fig tree growing in his vineyard, and he went to look for fruit on it but did not find any.

7So he said to the man who took care of the vineyard, ‘For three years now I’ve been coming to look for fruit on this fig tree and haven’t found any. Cut it down! Why should it use up the soil?’

8“‘Sir,’ the man replied, ‘leave it alone for one more year, and I’ll dig around it and fertilize it.

9If it bears fruit next year, fine! If not, then cut it down.’”

10On a Sabbath Jesus was teaching in one of the synagogues,

11and a woman was there who had been crippled by a spirit for eighteen years. She was bent over and could not straighten up at all.

12When Jesus saw her, he called her forward and said to her, “Woman, you are set free from your infirmity.”

13Then he put his hands on her, and immediately she straightened up and praised God.

14Indignant because Jesus had healed on the Sabbath, the synagogue leader said to the people, “There are six days for work. So come and be healed on those days, not on the Sabbath.”

15The Lord answered him, “You hypocrites! Doesn’t each of you on the Sabbath untie your ox or donkey from the stall and lead it out to give it water?

16Then should not this woman, a daughter of Abraham, whom Satan has kept bound for eighteen long years, be set free on the Sabbath day from what bound her?”

17When he said this, all his opponents were humiliated, but the people were delighted with all the wonderful things he was doing.

18Then Jesus asked, “What is the kingdom of God like? What shall I compare it to?

19It is like a mustard seed, which a man took and planted in his garden. It grew and became a tree, and the birds perched in its branches.”

20Again he asked, “What shall I compare the kingdom of God to?

21It is like yeast that a woman took and mixed into about sixty pounds of flour until it worked all through the dough.”

22Then Jesus went through the towns and villages, teaching as he made his way to Jerusalem.

23Someone asked him, “Lord, are only a few people going to be saved?” He said to them,

24“Make every effort to enter through the narrow door, because many, I tell you, will try to enter and will not be able to.

25Once the owner of the house gets up and closes the door, you will stand outside knocking and pleading, ‘Sir, open the door for us.’ “But he will answer, ‘I don’t know you or where you come from.’

26“Then you will say, ‘We ate and drank with you, and you taught in our streets.’

27“But he will reply, ‘I don’t know you or where you come from. Away from me, all you evildoers!’

28“There will be weeping there, and gnashing of teeth, when you see Abraham, Isaac and Jacob and all the prophets in the kingdom of God, but you yourselves thrown out.

29People will come from east and west and north and south, and will take their places at the feast in the kingdom of God.

30Indeed there are those who are last who will be first, and first who will be last.”

31At that time some Pharisees came to Jesus and said to him, “Leave this place and go somewhere else. Herod wants to kill you.”

32He replied, “Go tell that fox, ‘I will keep on driving out demons and healing people today and tomorrow, and on the third day I will reach my goal.’

33In any case, I must press on today and tomorrow and the next day—for surely no prophet can die outside Jerusalem!

34“Jerusalem, Jerusalem, you who kill the prophets and stone those sent to you, how often I have longed to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, and you were not willing.

35Look, your house is left to you desolate. I tell you, you will not see me again until you say, ‘Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord.’”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Luke 13.

Full AI study →

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Christ exhorts to repentance from the case of the Galileans and others. (1–5). Parable of the barren fig-tree. (6–9). The infirm woman strengthened. (10–17). The parables of the mustard seed, and leaven. (18–22). Exhortation to enter at the strait gate. (23–30). Christ's reproof to Herod, and to the people of Jerusalem. (31–35).

vv1-5

Mention was made to Christ of the death of some Galileans. This tragical story is briefly related here, and is not met with in any historians. In Christ's reply he spoke of another event, which, like it, gave an instance of people taken away by sudden death. Towers, that are built for safety, often prove to be men's destruction. He cautioned his hearers not to blame great sufferers, as if they were therefore to be accounted great sinners. As no place or employment can secure from the stroke of death, we should consider the sudden removals of others as warnings to ourselves. On these accounts Christ founded a call to repentance. The same Jesus that bids us repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand, bids us repent, for otherwise we shall perish.

vv6-9

This parable of the barren fig-tree is intended to enforce the warning given just before: the barren tree, except it brings forth fruit, will be cut down. This parable in the first place refers to the nation and people of the Jews. Yet it is, without doubt, for awakening all that enjoy the means of grace, and the privileges of the visible church. When God has borne long, we may hope that he will bear with us yet a little longer, but we cannot expect that he will bear always.

vv10-17

Our Lord Jesus attended upon public worship on the sabbaths. Even bodily infirmities, unless very grievous, should not keep us from public worship on sabbath days. This woman came to Christ to be taught, and to get good to her soul, and then he relieved her bodily infirmity. This cure represents the work of Christ's grace upon the soul. And when crooked souls are made straight, they will show it by glorifying God. Christ knew that this ruler had a real enmity to him and to his gospel, and that he did but cloak it with a pretended zeal for the sabbath day; he really would not have them be healed any day; but if Jesus speaks the word, and puts forth his healing power, sinners are set free. This deliverance is often wrought on the Lord's day; and whatever labour tends to put men in the way of receiving the blessing, agrees with the design of that day.

Cross References

Luke 13
v34Matthew 23:37-39thematic

Direct parallel of Jesus' lament over Jerusalem, expressing His desire to gather her children.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v1Acts 5:37thematic

Historically identifies Judas of Galilee, whose followers likely formed the Galilean faction slain by Pilate.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v6Isaiah 5:1-4thematic

Classic Old Testament prophetic backdrop of God's vineyard and His expectation of spiritual fruit.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v19Matthew 13:31thematic

Parallel parable of the mustard seed, showing the outward growth of the kingdom of God.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v21Matthew 13:33thematic

Parallel parable of the leaven, illustrating the internal, transforming power of the kingdom.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v26Matthew 7:22thematic

Parallels those who claim outward familiarity with Christ but are ultimately rejected as workers of iniquity.

Supported by John Calvin

v29Matthew 8:11thematic

Parallels the warning that Gentiles from east and west will sit with Abraham, while Jews are excluded.

Supported by John Calvin

v2John 9:2thematic

Illustrates the common Jewish assumption that specific suffering is the direct result of greater personal sin.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v4John 9:7thematic

Mentions the Pool of Siloam, localizing the tragic site of the fallen tower.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v16Luke 19:9thematic

Defines true spiritual descent from Abraham, comparing this bound woman to Zacchaeus' covenant status.

Supported by JFB

v24Matthew 7:13thematic

Parallels the exhortation to enter by the narrow gate, indicating the difficulty of salvation.

Supported by John Calvin

v3Acts 26:20thematic

Echoes the universal apostolic demand for genuine repentance followed by consistent, fruitful deeds.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v7Luke 3:9thematic

Echoes John the Baptist's warning that every fruitless tree will soon be cut down.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Illustrates Satan's power to inflict physical infirmity or distress on God's people.

Supported by JFB

v24Proverbs 1:24-28thematic

Warns of seeking wisdom and entry too late, after the door of opportunity has closed.

Supported by JFB