Proverbs 1NIV
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Proverbs1

New International Version

1The proverbs of Solomon son of David, king of Israel:

2for gaining wisdom and instruction; for understanding words of insight;

3for receiving instruction in prudent behavior, doing what is right and just and fair;

4for giving prudence to those who are simple, knowledge and discretion to the young—

5let the wise listen and add to their learning, and let the discerning get guidance—

6for understanding proverbs and parables, the sayings and riddles of the wise.

7The fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge, but fools despise wisdom and instruction.

8Listen, my son, to your father’s instruction and do not forsake your mother’s teaching.

9They are a garland to grace your head and a chain to adorn your neck.

10My son, if sinful men entice you, do not give in to them.

11If they say, “Come along with us; let’s lie in wait for innocent blood, let’s ambush some harmless soul;

12let’s swallow them alive, like the grave, and whole, like those who go down to the pit;

13we will get all sorts of valuable things and fill our houses with plunder;

14cast lots with us; we will all share the loot”—

15my son, do not go along with them, do not set foot on their paths;

16for their feet rush into evil, they are swift to shed blood.

17How useless to spread a net where every bird can see it!

18These men lie in wait for their own blood; they ambush only themselves!

19Such are the paths of all who go after ill-gotten gain; it takes away the life of those who get it.

20Out in the open wisdom calls aloud, she raises her voice in the public square;

21on top of the wall she cries out, at the city gate she makes her speech:

22“How long will you who are simple love your simple ways? How long will mockers delight in mockery and fools hate knowledge?

23Repent at my rebuke! Then I will pour out my thoughts to you, I will make known to you my teachings.

24But since you refuse to listen when I call and no one pays attention when I stretch out my hand,

25since you disregard all my advice and do not accept my rebuke,

26I in turn will laugh when disaster strikes you; I will mock when calamity overtakes you—

27when calamity overtakes you like a storm, when disaster sweeps over you like a whirlwind, when distress and trouble overwhelm you.

28“Then they will call to me but I will not answer; they will look for me but will not find me,

29since they hated knowledge and did not choose to fear the Lord.

30Since they would not accept my advice and spurned my rebuke,

31they will eat the fruit of their ways and be filled with the fruit of their schemes.

32For the waywardness of the simple will kill them, and the complacency of fools will destroy them;

33but whoever listens to me will live in safety and be at ease, without fear of harm.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Proverbs 1.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The use of the Proverbs. (1–6). Exhortations to fear God and obey parents. (7–9). To avoid the enticings of sinners. (10–19). The address of Wisdom to sinners. (20–33).

vv1-6

The lessons here given are plain, and likely to benefit those who feel their own ignorance, and their need to be taught. If young people take heed to their ways, according to Solomon's Proverbs, they will gain knowledge and discretion. Solomon speaks of the most important points of truth, and a greater than Solomon is here. Christ speaks by his word and by his Spirit. Christ is the Word and the Wisdom of God, and he is made to us wisdom.

vv7-9

Fools are persons who have no true wisdom, who follow their own devices, without regard to reason, or reverence for God. Children are reasonable creatures, and when we tell them what they must do, we must tell them why. But they are corrupt and wilful, therefore with the instruction there is need of a law. Let Divine truths and commands be to us most honourable; let us value them, and then they shall be so to us.

vv10-19

Wicked people are zealous in seducing others into the paths of the destroyer: sinners love company in sin. But they have so much the more to answer for. How cautious young people should be! “Consent thou not.” Do not say as they say, nor do as they do, or would have thee to do; have no fellowship with them. Who could think that it should be a pleasure to one man to destroy another! See their idea of worldly wealth; but it is neither substance, nor precious. It is the ruinous mistake of thousands, that they overvalue the wealth of this world. Men promise themselves in vain that sin will turn to their advantage. The way of sin is down-hill; men cannot stop themselves. Would young people shun temporal and eternal ruin, let them refuse to take one step in these destructive paths. Men's greediness of gain hurries them upon practices which will not suffer them or others to live out half their days. What is a man profited, though he gain the world, if he lose his life? much less if he lose his soul?

Cross References

Proverbs 1
v7Job 28:28thematic

Parallels the core definition: the fear of the Lord as the absolute foundation/beginning of wisdom.

Supported by JFB

v7Psalms 111:10thematic

Direct verbal parallel affirming that the fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom.

Supported by JFB

v8Proverbs 6:20thematic

Reiterates the command to keep the father's instruction and not forsake the mother's law.

Supported by JFB

v20Proverbs 8:1-5thematic

Extended thematic parallel of Wisdom personified crying out in public streets, gates, and high places.

Supported by JFB

v5Proverbs 9:9thematic

Confirms that instruction given to a wise man results in him becoming yet wiser.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v9Genesis 41:42thematic

Illustrates the literal cultural custom of wearing chains about the neck as a mark of honor.

Supported by JFB

v15Psalms 1:1thematic

Parallel warning against walking in the way, path, or counsel of sinners.

Supported by JFB, Matthew Poole

v16Isaiah 59:7thematic

Verbatim parallel of feet running to evil and making haste to shed innocent blood.

v18Psalms 9:16thematic

Thematic parallel of the wicked being snared in the work of their own hands.

Supported by JFB

v191 Timothy 6:10thematic

Illustrates the destructive end of being greedy of gain, which ruins the soul.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v26Psalms 2:4thematic

Parallels the divine reaction of laughing and mocking at the rebellion of the wicked.

v28Zechariah 7:13thematic

Prophetic parallel: as He cried and they would not hear, so they cry and He will not answer.

v31Galatians 6:7thematic

New Testament parallel of reaping what one sows, eating the fruit of one's own way.

v7Acts 9:31thematic

New Testament demonstration of the early church walking in the fear of the Lord.

Supported by JFB

v20Luke 11:49allusion

Identifies 'the wisdom of God' sending prophets, linking Wisdom's call to Christ.

Supported by JFB