Job28
New International Version
1There is a mine for silver and a place where gold is refined.
2Iron is taken from the earth, and copper is smelted from ore.
3Mortals put an end to the darkness; they search out the farthest recesses for ore in the blackest darkness.
4Far from human dwellings they cut a shaft, in places untouched by human feet; far from other people they dangle and sway.
5The earth, from which food comes, is transformed below as by fire;
6lapis lazuli comes from its rocks, and its dust contains nuggets of gold.
7No bird of prey knows that hidden path, no falcon’s eye has seen it.
8Proud beasts do not set foot on it, and no lion prowls there.
9People assault the flinty rock with their hands and lay bare the roots of the mountains.
10They tunnel through the rock; their eyes see all its treasures.
11They search the sources of the rivers and bring hidden things to light.
12But where can wisdom be found? Where does understanding dwell?
13No mortal comprehends its worth; it cannot be found in the land of the living.
14The deep says, “It is not in me”; the sea says, “It is not with me.”
15It cannot be bought with the finest gold, nor can its price be weighed out in silver.
16It cannot be bought with the gold of Ophir, with precious onyx or lapis lazuli.
17Neither gold nor crystal can compare with it, nor can it be had for jewels of gold.
18Coral and jasper are not worthy of mention; the price of wisdom is beyond rubies.
19The topaz of Cush cannot compare with it; it cannot be bought with pure gold.
20Where then does wisdom come from? Where does understanding dwell?
21It is hidden from the eyes of every living thing, concealed even from the birds in the sky.
22Destruction and Death say, “Only a rumor of it has reached our ears.”
23God understands the way to it and he alone knows where it dwells,
24for he views the ends of the earth and sees everything under the heavens.
25When he established the force of the wind and measured out the waters,
26when he made a decree for the rain and a path for the thunderstorm,
27then he looked at wisdom and appraised it; he confirmed it and tested it.
28And he said to the human race, “The fear of the Lord—that is wisdom, and to shun evil is understanding.”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Job 28.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Concerning wordly wealth. (1–11). Wisdom is of inestimable value. (12–19). Wisdom is the gift of God. (20–28).
vv1-11
Job maintained that the dispensations of Providence were regulated by the highest wisdom. To confirm this, he showed of what a great deal of knowledge and wealth men may make themselves masters. The caverns of the earth may be discovered, but not the counsels of Heaven. Go to the miners, thou sluggard in religion, consider their ways, and be wise. Let their courage and diligence in seeking the wealth that perishes, shame us out of slothfulness and faint-heartedness in labouring for the true riches. How much better is it to get wisdom than gold! How much easier, and safer! Yet gold is sought for, but grace neglected. Will the hopes of precious things out of the earth, so men call them, though really they are paltry and perishing, be such a spur to industry, and shall not the certain prospect of truly precious things in heaven be much more so?
vv12-19
Job here speaks of wisdom and understanding, the knowing and enjoying of God and ourselves. Its worth is infinitely more than all the riches in this world. It is a gift of the Holy Ghost which cannot be bought with money. Let that which is most precious in God's account, be so in ours. Job asks after it as one that truly desired to find it, and despaired of finding it any where but in God; any way but by Divine revelation. (Job 28:20-28)
vv20-28
There is a two-fold wisdom; one hid in God, which is secret, and belongs not to us; the other made known by him, and revealed to man. One day's events, and one man's affairs, have such reference to, and so hang one upon another, that He only, to whom all is open, and who sees the whole at one view, can rightly judge of every part. But the knowledge of God's revealed will is within our reach, and will do us good. Let man look upon this as his wisdom, To fear the Lord, and to depart from evil. Let him learn that, and he is learned enough. Where is this wisdom to be found? The treasures of it are hid in Christ, revealed by the word, received by faith, through the Holy Ghost. It will not feed pride or vanity, or amuse our vain curiosity. It teaches and encourages sinners to fear the Lord, and to depart from evil, in the exercise of repentance and faith, without desiring to solve all difficulties about the events of this life.
Key Words
כִּי: (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
יֵשׁ: there is or are (or any other form of the verb to be, as may suit the connection)
מוֹצָא: a going forth, i.e. (the act) an egress, or (the place) an exit; hence, a source or product; specifically, dawn, the rising of the sun (the East), exportation, utterance, a gate, a fountain, a mine, a meadow (as producing grass)
כֶּסֶף: silver (from its pale color); by implication, money
מָקוֹם: properly, a standing, i.e. a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)
זָהָב: gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e. yellow), as oil, a clear sky
זָקַק: to strain, (figuratively) extract, clarify
בַּרְזֶל: iron (as cutting); by extension, an iron implement
לָקַח: to take (in the widest variety of applications)
מִן: properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
Cross References
Job 28Direct thematic parallel defining the fear of the Lord as the true beginning of wisdom.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Explicitly identifies the fear of the Lord with wisdom, echoing Job's concluding definition.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Summons man's ultimate duty to fear God, reflecting Job's practical conclusion on human wisdom.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Apostolic exclamation on the unsearchable depth of God's wisdom, which man cannot find out.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Identifies wisdom present at creation, establishing decree and order in natural elements.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Locates the hidden treasures of wisdom and knowledge exclusively in Christ.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Affirms that wisdom's price is far above rubies and cannot be equaled by wealth.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Echoes the incomparable value of wisdom over silver, gold, and precious rubies.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Distinguishes between secret things belonging to God and revealed duties belonging to man.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Refers to refining silver and gold, parallel to the metallurgical imagery of v1.
Supported by JFB
Mentions 'stones of fire' in Eden, illuminating Job's subterranean fire-glow imagery.
Supported by JFB
Parallels God's sovereignty in carving out a way for the lightning of thunder.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Directly links the fear of the Lord to departing from evil.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Mentions Ophir as the historical biblical source of prized, high-quality gold.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Deals with destruction and death being open before God, who knows their secrets.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Describes the promised land as a place where iron and copper are extracted.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Internal structural repetition of the core inquiry: 'Whence then cometh wisdom?'
Supported by Matthew Poole
Depicts God weighing the winds, waters, and mountains in scales and measures.
Supported by Matthew Poole