Isaiah59
New International Version
1Surely the arm of the Lord is not too short to save, nor his ear too dull to hear.
2But your iniquities have separated you from your God; your sins have hidden his face from you, so that he will not hear.
3For your hands are stained with blood, your fingers with guilt. Your lips have spoken falsely, and your tongue mutters wicked things.
4No one calls for justice; no one pleads a case with integrity. They rely on empty arguments, they utter lies; they conceive trouble and give birth to evil.
5They hatch the eggs of vipers and spin a spider’s web. Whoever eats their eggs will die, and when one is broken, an adder is hatched.
6Their cobwebs are useless for clothing; they cannot cover themselves with what they make. Their deeds are evil deeds, and acts of violence are in their hands.
7Their feet rush into sin; they are swift to shed innocent blood. They pursue evil schemes; acts of violence mark their ways.
8The way of peace they do not know; there is no justice in their paths. They have turned them into crooked roads; no one who walks along them will know peace.
9So justice is far from us, and righteousness does not reach us. We look for light, but all is darkness; for brightness, but we walk in deep shadows.
10Like the blind we grope along the wall, feeling our way like people without eyes. At midday we stumble as if it were twilight; among the strong, we are like the dead.
11We all growl like bears; we moan mournfully like doves. We look for justice, but find none; for deliverance, but it is far away.
12For our offenses are many in your sight, and our sins testify against us. Our offenses are ever with us, and we acknowledge our iniquities:
13rebellion and treachery against the Lord, turning our backs on our God, inciting revolt and oppression, uttering lies our hearts have conceived.
14So justice is driven back, and righteousness stands at a distance; truth has stumbled in the streets, honesty cannot enter.
15Truth is nowhere to be found, and whoever shuns evil becomes a prey. The Lord looked and was displeased that there was no justice.
16He saw that there was no one, he was appalled that there was no one to intervene; so his own arm achieved salvation for him, and his own righteousness sustained him.
17He put on righteousness as his breastplate, and the helmet of salvation on his head; he put on the garments of vengeance and wrapped himself in zeal as in a cloak.
18According to what they have done, so will he repay wrath to his enemies and retribution to his foes; he will repay the islands their due.
19From the west, people will fear the name of the Lord, and from the rising of the sun, they will revere his glory. For he will come like a pent-up flood that the breath of the Lord drives along.
20“The Redeemer will come to Zion, to those in Jacob who repent of their sins,” declares the Lord.
21“As for me, this is my covenant with them,” says the Lord. “My Spirit, who is on you, will not depart from you, and my words that I have put in your mouth will always be on your lips, on the lips of your children and on the lips of their descendants—from this time on and forever,” says the Lord.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 59.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Reproofs of sin and wickedness. (1-8). Confession of sin, and lamentation for the consequences. (9-15). Promises of deliverance. (16-21).
vv1-8
If our prayers are not answered, and the salvation we wait for is not wrought for us, it is not because God is weary of hearing prayer, but because we are weary of praying. See here sin in true colours, exceedingly sinful; and see sin in its consequences, exceedingly hurtful, separating from God, and so separating us, not only from all good, but to all evil. Yet numbers feed, to their own destruction, on infidel and wicked systems. Nor can their skill or craft, in devising schemes, as the spider weaves its web, deliver or save them. No schemes of self-wrought salvation shall avail those who despise the Redeemer's robe of righteousness. Every man who is destitute of the Spirit of Christ, runs swiftly to evil of some sort; but those regardless of Divine truth and justice, are strangers to peace.
vv9-15
If we shut our eyes against the light of Divine truth, it is just with God to hide from our eyes the things that belong to our peace. The sins of those who profess themselves God's people, are worse than the sins of others. And the sins of a nation bring public judgments, when not restrained by public justice. Men may murmur under calamities, but nothing will truly profit while they reject Christ and his gospel.
vv16-21
This passage is connected with the following chapters. It is generally thought to describe the coming of the Messiah, as the Avenger and Deliverer of his church. There was none to intercede with God to turn away his wrath; none to interpose for the support of justice and truth. Yet He engaged his own strength and righteousness for his people. God will make his justice upon the enemies of his church and people plainly appear. When the enemy threatens to bear down all without control, then the Spirit of the Lord shall stop him, put him to flight. He that has delivered, will still deliver. A far more glorious salvation is promised to be wrought out by the Messiah in the fulness of time, which all the prophets had in view. The Son of God shall come to us to be our Redeemer; the Spirit of God shall come to be our Sanctifier: thus the Comforter shall abide with the church for ever, John 14:16. The word of Christ will always continue in the mouths of the faithful; and whatever is pretended to be the mind of the Spirit, must be tried by the Scriptures. We must lament the progress of infidelity and impiety. But the cause of the Redeemer shall gain a complete victory even on earth, and the believer will be more than conqueror when the Lord receives him to his glory in heaven.
Key Words
הֵן: lo!; also (as expressing surprise) if
יָד: a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.),
לֹא: not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
קָצַר: to dock off, i.e. curtail (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative); especially to harvest (grass or grain)
מִן: properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
יָשַׁע: properly, to be open, wide or free, i.e. (by implication) to be safe; causatively, to free or succor
אֹזֶן: broadness. i.e. (concrete) the ear (from its form in man)
כָּבַד: to be heavy, i.e. in a bad sense (burdensome, severe, dull) or in a good sense (numerous, rich, honorable; causatively, to make weighty (in the same two senses)
שָׁמַע: to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
עָוֺן: perversity, i.e. (moral) evil
Cross References
Isaiah 59Paul quotes verse 7 verbatim to prove the universal depravity and guilt of all mankind.
Supported by JFB
Paul directly quotes verse 20 regarding the Deliverer coming out of Zion to turn away ungodliness.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallels the rhetorical question asking whether Jehovah's hand is shortened at all that it cannot redeem.
Supported by JFB
Echoes the solitary work of the Messiah whose own arm brings salvation when there is none to help.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Paul adapts the armor of God (helmet of salvation, breastplate) from the warrior-Messiah's attire here.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
A detailed parallel of a nation speaking lies, executing deceit, and refusing to know the Lord.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Uses the same vivid biological metaphor of conceiving mischief and bringing forth vanity or falsehood.
Supported by JFB
Fulfills Moses' covenantal curse that the disobedient would grope at noonday like the blind.
Supported by JFB
Paul quotes this covenant promise of sin removal in his theological summation of Israel's future.
Supported by JFB
Identical accusation that God hides His face and refuses to hear because their hands are defiled with blood.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallels the fragile, useless nature of a spider's web as an emblem of wicked schemes.
Supported by JFB
Parallels the futile attempt to cover oneself with self-wrought works, compared to filthy rags.
Supported by JFB
Directly quoted by Paul: 'And the way of peace have they not known.'
Supported by JFB
Matches the communal confession of national transgression, confusion of face, and turning from God's laws.
Supported by JFB
Celebrates Jehovah's right hand and holy arm bringing salvation when there was no other help.
Supported by John Calvin
Parallels God looking in vain for a man to stand in the gap and make up the hedge.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Illustrates the prerequisite of turning from transgressions to receive the blessing of divine deliverance.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Expounds the nature of the New Covenant where God's words and Spirit abide within His people.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Verbal parallel regarding feet running to evil and making haste to shed blood.
Supported by John Calvin
Contemplates why a pure God remains silent and permits wickedness to swallow up the righteous.
Supported by John Calvin