Isaiah59
New King James Version
1Behold, the Lord’s hand is not shortened, That it cannot save; Nor His ear heavy, That it cannot hear.
2But your iniquities have separated you from your God; And your sins have hidden His face from you, So that He will not hear.
3For your hands are defiled with blood, And your fingers with iniquity; Your lips have spoken lies, Your tongue has muttered perversity.
4No one calls for justice, Nor does any plead for truth. They trust in empty words and speak lies; They conceive evil and bring forth iniquity.
5They hatch vipers’ eggs and weave the spider’s web; He who eats of their eggs dies, And from that which is crushed a viper breaks out.
6Their webs will not become garments, Nor will they cover themselves with their works; Their works are works of iniquity, And the act of violence is in their hands.
7Their feet run to evil, And they make haste to shed innocent blood; Their thoughts are thoughts of iniquity; Wasting and destruction are in their paths.
8The way of peace they have not known, And there is no justice in their ways; They have made themselves crooked paths; Whoever takes that way shall not know peace.
9Therefore justice is far from us, Nor does righteousness overtake us; We look for light, but there is darkness! For brightness, but we walk in blackness!
10We grope for the wall like the blind, And we grope as if we had no eyes; We stumble at noonday as at twilight; We are as dead men in desolate places.
11We all growl like bears, And moan sadly like doves; We look for justice, but there is none; For salvation, but it is far from us.
12For our transgressions are multiplied before You, And our sins testify against us; For our transgressions are with us, And as for our iniquities, we know them:
13In transgressing and lying against the Lord, And departing from our God, Speaking oppression and revolt, Conceiving and uttering from the heart words of falsehood.
14Justice is turned back, And righteousness stands afar off; For truth is fallen in the street, And equity cannot enter.
15So truth fails, And he who departs from evil makes himself a prey. Then the Lord saw it, and it displeased Him That there was no justice.
16He saw that there was no man, And wondered that there was no intercessor; Therefore His own arm brought salvation for Him; And His own righteousness, it sustained Him.
17For He put on righteousness as a breastplate, And a helmet of salvation on His head; He put on the garments of vengeance for clothing, And was clad with zeal as a cloak.
18According to their deeds, accordingly He will repay, Fury to His adversaries, Recompense to His enemies; The coastlands He will fully repay.
19So shall they fear The name of the Lord from the west, And His glory from the rising of the sun; When the enemy comes in like a flood, The Spirit of the Lord will lift up a standard against him.
20“The Redeemer will come to Zion, And to those who turn from transgression in Jacob,” Says the Lord.
21“As for Me,” says the Lord, “this is My covenant with them: My Spirit who is upon you, and My words which I have put in your mouth, shall not depart from your mouth, nor from the mouth of your descendants, nor from the mouth of your descendants’ descendants,” says the Lord, “from this time and forevermore.”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 59.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Reproofs of sin and wickedness. (1-8). Confession of sin, and lamentation for the consequences. (9-15). Promises of deliverance. (16-21).
vv1-8
If our prayers are not answered, and the salvation we wait for is not wrought for us, it is not because God is weary of hearing prayer, but because we are weary of praying. See here sin in true colours, exceedingly sinful; and see sin in its consequences, exceedingly hurtful, separating from God, and so separating us, not only from all good, but to all evil. Yet numbers feed, to their own destruction, on infidel and wicked systems. Nor can their skill or craft, in devising schemes, as the spider weaves its web, deliver or save them. No schemes of self-wrought salvation shall avail those who despise the Redeemer's robe of righteousness. Every man who is destitute of the Spirit of Christ, runs swiftly to evil of some sort; but those regardless of Divine truth and justice, are strangers to peace.
vv9-15
If we shut our eyes against the light of Divine truth, it is just with God to hide from our eyes the things that belong to our peace. The sins of those who profess themselves God's people, are worse than the sins of others. And the sins of a nation bring public judgments, when not restrained by public justice. Men may murmur under calamities, but nothing will truly profit while they reject Christ and his gospel.
vv16-21
This passage is connected with the following chapters. It is generally thought to describe the coming of the Messiah, as the Avenger and Deliverer of his church. There was none to intercede with God to turn away his wrath; none to interpose for the support of justice and truth. Yet He engaged his own strength and righteousness for his people. God will make his justice upon the enemies of his church and people plainly appear. When the enemy threatens to bear down all without control, then the Spirit of the Lord shall stop him, put him to flight. He that has delivered, will still deliver. A far more glorious salvation is promised to be wrought out by the Messiah in the fulness of time, which all the prophets had in view. The Son of God shall come to us to be our Redeemer; the Spirit of God shall come to be our Sanctifier: thus the Comforter shall abide with the church for ever, John 14:16. The word of Christ will always continue in the mouths of the faithful; and whatever is pretended to be the mind of the Spirit, must be tried by the Scriptures. We must lament the progress of infidelity and impiety. But the cause of the Redeemer shall gain a complete victory even on earth, and the believer will be more than conqueror when the Lord receives him to his glory in heaven.
Key Words
הֵן: lo!; also (as expressing surprise) if
יָד: a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.),
לֹא: not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
קָצַר: to dock off, i.e. curtail (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative); especially to harvest (grass or grain)
מִן: properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
יָשַׁע: properly, to be open, wide or free, i.e. (by implication) to be safe; causatively, to free or succor
אֹזֶן: broadness. i.e. (concrete) the ear (from its form in man)
כָּבַד: to be heavy, i.e. in a bad sense (burdensome, severe, dull) or in a good sense (numerous, rich, honorable; causatively, to make weighty (in the same two senses)
שָׁמַע: to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
עָוֺן: perversity, i.e. (moral) evil
Cross References
Isaiah 59Paul quotes verse 7 verbatim to prove the universal depravity and guilt of all mankind.
Supported by JFB
Paul directly quotes verse 20 regarding the Deliverer coming out of Zion to turn away ungodliness.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallels the rhetorical question asking whether Jehovah's hand is shortened at all that it cannot redeem.
Supported by JFB
Echoes the solitary work of the Messiah whose own arm brings salvation when there is none to help.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Paul adapts the armor of God (helmet of salvation, breastplate) from the warrior-Messiah's attire here.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
A detailed parallel of a nation speaking lies, executing deceit, and refusing to know the Lord.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Uses the same vivid biological metaphor of conceiving mischief and bringing forth vanity or falsehood.
Supported by JFB
Fulfills Moses' covenantal curse that the disobedient would grope at noonday like the blind.
Supported by JFB
Paul quotes this covenant promise of sin removal in his theological summation of Israel's future.
Supported by JFB
Identical accusation that God hides His face and refuses to hear because their hands are defiled with blood.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallels the fragile, useless nature of a spider's web as an emblem of wicked schemes.
Supported by JFB
Parallels the futile attempt to cover oneself with self-wrought works, compared to filthy rags.
Supported by JFB
Directly quoted by Paul: 'And the way of peace have they not known.'
Supported by JFB
Matches the communal confession of national transgression, confusion of face, and turning from God's laws.
Supported by JFB
Celebrates Jehovah's right hand and holy arm bringing salvation when there was no other help.
Supported by John Calvin
Parallels God looking in vain for a man to stand in the gap and make up the hedge.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Illustrates the prerequisite of turning from transgressions to receive the blessing of divine deliverance.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Expounds the nature of the New Covenant where God's words and Spirit abide within His people.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Verbal parallel regarding feet running to evil and making haste to shed blood.
Supported by John Calvin
Contemplates why a pure God remains silent and permits wickedness to swallow up the righteous.
Supported by John Calvin