Job15
New King James Version
1Then Eliphaz the Temanite answered and said:
2“Should a wise man answer with empty knowledge, And fill himself with the east wind?
3Should he reason with unprofitable talk, Or by speeches with which he can do no good?
4Yes, you cast off fear, And restrain prayer before God.
5For your iniquity teaches your mouth, And you choose the tongue of the crafty.
6Your own mouth condemns you, and not I; Yes, your own lips testify against you.
7“Are you the first man who was born? Or were you made before the hills?
8Have you heard the counsel of God? Do you limit wisdom to yourself?
9What do you know that we do not know? What do you understand that is not in us?
10Both the gray-haired and the aged are among us, Much older than your father.
11Are the consolations of God too small for you, And the word spoken gently with you?
12Why does your heart carry you away, And what do your eyes wink at,
13That you turn your spirit against God, And let such words go out of your mouth?
14“What is man, that he could be pure? And he who is born of a woman, that he could be righteous?
15If God puts no trust in His saints, And the heavens are not pure in His sight,
16How much less man, who is abominable and filthy, Who drinks iniquity like water!
17“I will tell you, hear me; What I have seen I will declare,
18What wise men have told, Not hiding anything received from their fathers,
19To whom alone the land was given, And no alien passed among them:
20The wicked man writhes with pain all his days, And the number of years is hidden from the oppressor.
21Dreadful sounds are in his ears; In prosperity the destroyer comes upon him.
22He does not believe that he will return from darkness, For a sword is waiting for him.
23He wanders about for bread, saying, ‘Where is it?’ He knows that a day of darkness is ready at his hand.
24Trouble and anguish make him afraid; They overpower him, like a king ready for battle.
25For he stretches out his hand against God, And acts defiantly against the Almighty,
26Running stubbornly against Him With his strong, embossed shield.
27“Though he has covered his face with his fatness, And made his waist heavy with fat,
28He dwells in desolate cities, In houses which no one inhabits, Which are destined to become ruins.
29He will not be rich, Nor will his wealth continue, Nor will his possessions overspread the earth.
30He will not depart from darkness; The flame will dry out his branches, And by the breath of His mouth he will go away.
31Let him not trust in futile things, deceiving himself, For futility will be his reward.
32It will be accomplished before his time, And his branch will not be green.
33He will shake off his unripe grape like a vine, And cast off his blossom like an olive tree.
34For the company of hypocrites will be barren, And fire will consume the tents of bribery.
35They conceive trouble and bring forth futility; Their womb prepares deceit.”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Job 15.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Eliphaz reproves Job. (1–16). The unquietness of wicked men. (17–35).
vv1-16
Eliphaz begins a second attack upon Job, instead of being softened by his complaints. He unjustly charges Job with casting off the fear of God, and all regard to him, and restraining prayer. See in what religion is summed up, fearing God, and praying to him; the former the most needful principle, the latter the most needful practice. Eliphaz charges Job with self-conceit. He charges him with contempt of the counsels and comforts given him by his friends. We are apt to think that which we ourselves say is important, when others, with reason, think little of it. He charges him with opposition to God. Eliphaz ought not to have put harsh constructions upon the words of one well known for piety, and now in temptation. It is plain that these disputants were deeply convinced of the doctrine of original sin, and the total depravity of human nature. Shall we not admire the patience of God in bearing with us? and still more his love to us in the redemption of Christ Jesus his beloved Son?
vv17-35
Eliphaz maintains that the wicked are certainly miserable: whence he would infer, that the miserable are certainly wicked, and therefore Job was so. But because many of God's people have prospered in this world, it does not therefore follow that those who are crossed and made poor, as Job, are not God's people. Eliphaz shows also that wicked people, particularly oppressors, are subject to continual terror, live very uncomfortably, and perish very miserably. Will the prosperity of presumptuous sinners end miserably as here described? Then let the mischiefs which befal others, be our warnings. Though no chastening for the present seemeth to be joyous, but grievous, nevertheless, afterward it yieldeth the peaceable fruits of righteousness to them that are exercised thereby. No calamity, no trouble, however heavy, however severe, can rob a follower of the Lord of his favour. What shall separate him from the love of Christ?
Key Words
אֱלִיפַז: Eliphaz, the name of one of Job's friends, and of a son of Esau
תֵּימָנִי: a Temanite or descendant of Teman
עָנָה: properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e. pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout, testify, announce
אָמַר: to say (used with great latitude)
חָכָם: wise, (i.e. intelligent, skilful or artful)
רוּחַ: wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the sky; by resemblance spirit, but only of a rational being (including its expression and functions)
דַּעַת: knowledge
מָלֵא: to fill or (intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally and figuratively)
בֶּטֶן: the belly, especially the womb; also the bosom or body of anything
קָדִים: the fore or front part; hence (by orientation) the East (often adverbially, eastward, for brevity the east wind)
Cross References
Job 15Eliphaz repeats his own vision's assertion that God puts no trust in His holy angels.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Wast thou made before the hills? Echoes the description of wisdom existing prior to creation.
Supported by JFB
Eliphaz throws Job's own phrase ('born of a woman') back at him to prove universal impurity.
Supported by JFB
The 'east wind' symbolizes vain, empty, and destructive words or pursuits.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Refers to the 'secret of God' or divine council, to which only His faithful are admitted.
Supported by JFB
Eliphaz claims the authority of the aged, directly responding to Job's earlier assertion on wisdom.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallels the vivid depiction of the wicked eagerly consuming/drinking iniquity like water.
Supported by JFB
Winking with the eyes as an expression of pride, deceit, or mocking arrogance.
Supported by JFB
A 'dreadful sound' of a shaken leaf terrifies the wicked who have no peace.
Supported by JFB
The wicked cover their faces with fatness, representing pride and sensory insensitivity to God.
Supported by JFB
Deuteronomy's description of Jeshurun waxing fat and kicking parallels the rebel's thick fatness.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Contrast Eliphaz's exclusion of Job with Christ admitting His disciples into God's secrets.
Supported by JFB
The 'consolations' Eliphaz references are the conditional promises offered by Zophar earlier.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Verbal link to human filthiness/sourness and universal corruption of man.
Supported by JFB