Ezekiel22
New International Version
1The word of the Lord came to me:
2“Son of man, will you judge her? Will you judge this city of bloodshed? Then confront her with all her detestable practices
3and say: ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: You city that brings on herself doom by shedding blood in her midst and defiles herself by making idols,
4you have become guilty because of the blood you have shed and have become defiled by the idols you have made. You have brought your days to a close, and the end of your years has come. Therefore I will make you an object of scorn to the nations and a laughingstock to all the countries.
5Those who are near and those who are far away will mock you, you infamous city, full of turmoil.
6“‘See how each of the princes of Israel who are in you uses his power to shed blood.
7In you they have treated father and mother with contempt; in you they have oppressed the foreigner and mistreated the fatherless and the widow.
8You have despised my holy things and desecrated my Sabbaths.
9In you are slanderers who are bent on shedding blood; in you are those who eat at the mountain shrines and commit lewd acts.
10In you are those who dishonor their father’s bed; in you are those who violate women during their period, when they are ceremonially unclean.
11In you one man commits a detestable offense with his neighbor’s wife, another shamefully defiles his daughter-in-law, and another violates his sister, his own father’s daughter.
12In you are people who accept bribes to shed blood; you take interest and make a profit from the poor. You extort unjust gain from your neighbors. And you have forgotten me, declares the Sovereign Lord.
13“‘I will surely strike my hands together at the unjust gain you have made and at the blood you have shed in your midst.
14Will your courage endure or your hands be strong in the day I deal with you? I the Lord have spoken, and I will do it.
15I will disperse you among the nations and scatter you through the countries; and I will put an end to your uncleanness.
16When you have been defiled in the eyes of the nations, you will know that I am the Lord.’”
17Then the word of the Lord came to me:
18“Son of man, the people of Israel have become dross to me; all of them are the copper, tin, iron and lead left inside a furnace. They are but the dross of silver.
19Therefore this is what the Sovereign Lord says: ‘Because you have all become dross, I will gather you into Jerusalem.
20As silver, copper, iron, lead and tin are gathered into a furnace to be melted with a fiery blast, so will I gather you in my anger and my wrath and put you inside the city and melt you.
21I will gather you and I will blow on you with my fiery wrath, and you will be melted inside her.
22As silver is melted in a furnace, so you will be melted inside her, and you will know that I the Lord have poured out my wrath on you.’”
23Again the word of the Lord came to me:
24“Son of man, say to the land, ‘You are a land that has not been cleansed or rained on in the day of wrath.’
25There is a conspiracy of her princes within her like a roaring lion tearing its prey; they devour people, take treasures and precious things and make many widows within her.
26Her priests do violence to my law and profane my holy things; they do not distinguish between the holy and the common; they teach that there is no difference between the unclean and the clean; and they shut their eyes to the keeping of my Sabbaths, so that I am profaned among them.
27Her officials within her are like wolves tearing their prey; they shed blood and kill people to make unjust gain.
28Her prophets whitewash these deeds for them by false visions and lying divinations. They say, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says’—when the Lord has not spoken.
29The people of the land practice extortion and commit robbery; they oppress the poor and needy and mistreat the foreigner, denying them justice.
30“I looked for someone among them who would build up the wall and stand before me in the gap on behalf of the land so I would not have to destroy it, but I found no one.
31So I will pour out my wrath on them and consume them with my fiery anger, bringing down on their own heads all they have done, declares the Sovereign Lord.”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Ezekiel 22.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The sins of Jerusalem. (1-16). Israel is condemned as dross. (17-22). As the corruption is general, so shall be the punishment. (23-31).
vv1-16
The prophet is to judge the bloody city; the city of bloods. Jerusalem is so called, because of her crimes. The sins which Jerusalem stands charged with, are exceeding sinful. Murder, idolatry, disobedience to parents, oppression and extortion, profanation of the sabbath and holy things, seventh commandment sins, lewdness and adultery. Unmindfulness of God was at the bottom of all this wickedness. Sinners provoke God because they forget him. Jerusalem has filled the measure of her sins. Those who give up themselves to be ruled by their lusts, will justly be given up to be portioned by them. Those who resolve to be their own masters, let them expect no other happiness than their own hands can furnish; and a miserable portion it will prove.
vv17-22
Israel, compared with other nations, had been as the gold and silver compared with baser metals. But they were now as the refuse that is consumed in the furnace, or thrown away when the silver is refined. Sinners, especially backsliding professors, are, in God's account, useless and fit for nothing. When God brings his own people into the furnace, he sits by them as the refiner by his gold, to see that they are not continued there any longer than is fitting and needful. The dross shall be wholly separated, and the good metal purified. Let those who suffer pains, or lingering sickness, and find that their hearts can scarcely bear these light and momentary afflictions, take warning to flee from the wrath to come; for if these trials are not sanctified by the power of the Holy Spirit, to the cleansing their hearts and hands from sin, far worse things will come upon them.
vv23-31
All orders and degrees of men had helped to fill the measure of the nation's guilt. The people that had any power abused it, and even the buyers and sellers find some way to oppress one another. It bodes ill to a people when judgments are breaking in upon them, and the spirit of prayer is restrained. Let all who fear God, unite to promote his truth and righteousness; as wicked men of every rank and profession plot together to run them down.
Key Words
דָּבָר: a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
אָמַר: to say (used with great latitude)
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
אָדָם: ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
שָׁפַט: to judge, i.e. pronounce sentence (for or against); by implication, to vindicate or punish; by extenssion, to govern; passively, to litigate (literally or figuratively)
דָּם: blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshed (i.e. drops of blood)
עִיר: a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
יָדַע: to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation, care, recognition; and causatively, instruction, designation, punishment, etc.)
כֹּל: properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
תּוֹעֵבַה: properly, something disgusting (morally), i.e. (as noun) an abhorrence; especially idolatry or (concretely) an idol
Cross References
Ezekiel 22Direct parallel in the Law condemning those who set light by father and mother.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Ezekiel explicitly targets 'men that carry tales to shed blood,' violating this Leviticus law.
Supported by JFB
Isaiah also compares Israel's severe moral degeneracy to once-pure silver becoming dross.
Supported by JFB
Ezekiel's charge that priests fail to put difference between the holy and profane.
Supported by JFB
Parallel description of prophets who daub with untempered mortar, proclaiming false peace.
Supported by JFB
Repeats the divine commission to 'judge' and declare the nations' abominations.
Supported by JFB
Verbal link to Israel forgetting the God who formed and redeemed them.
Supported by JFB
Identical symbolic action of God smiting His hands together in indignant fury.
Supported by JFB
Micah likewise denounces princes who raven like wolves to shed blood for gain.
Supported by JFB
Ezekiel's recurring image of entering the gap and making up the hedge.
Supported by JFB
Fulfillment of being made a reproach and a mocking to all countries.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Cites the specific Levitical prohibition regarding sexual relations during uncleanness.
Supported by JFB
Jeremiah similarly describes Israel as 'reprobate silver' that the refiner melts in vain.
Supported by JFB
Jesus echoes the indictment of leaders who devour widows' houses for gain.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Confirms the tragic lack of any intercessor capable of averting God's judgment.
Supported by Matthew Henry