Isaiah 58NIV
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Isaiah58

New International Version

1“Shout it aloud, do not hold back. Raise your voice like a trumpet. Declare to my people their rebellion and to the descendants of Jacob their sins.

2For day after day they seek me out; they seem eager to know my ways, as if they were a nation that does what is right and has not forsaken the commands of its God. They ask me for just decisions and seem eager for God to come near them.

3‘Why have we fasted,’ they say, ‘and you have not seen it? Why have we humbled ourselves, and you have not noticed?’ “Yet on the day of your fasting, you do as you please and exploit all your workers.

4Your fasting ends in quarreling and strife, and in striking each other with wicked fists. You cannot fast as you do today and expect your voice to be heard on high.

5Is this the kind of fast I have chosen, only a day for people to humble themselves? Is it only for bowing one’s head like a reed and for lying in sackcloth and ashes? Is that what you call a fast, a day acceptable to the Lord?

6“Is not this the kind of fasting I have chosen: to loose the chains of injustice and untie the cords of the yoke, to set the oppressed free and break every yoke?

7Is it not to share your food with the hungry and to provide the poor wanderer with shelter— when you see the naked, to clothe them, and not to turn away from your own flesh and blood?

8Then your light will break forth like the dawn, and your healing will quickly appear; then your righteousness will go before you, and the glory of the Lord will be your rear guard.

9Then you will call, and the Lord will answer; you will cry for help, and he will say: Here am I. “If you do away with the yoke of oppression, with the pointing finger and malicious talk,

10and if you spend yourselves in behalf of the hungry and satisfy the needs of the oppressed, then your light will rise in the darkness, and your night will become like the noonday.

11The Lord will guide you always; he will satisfy your needs in a sun-scorched land and will strengthen your frame. You will be like a well-watered garden, like a spring whose waters never fail.

12Your people will rebuild the ancient ruins and will raise up the age-old foundations; you will be called Repairer of Broken Walls, Restorer of Streets with Dwellings.

13“If you keep your feet from breaking the Sabbath and from doing as you please on my holy day, if you call the Sabbath a delight and the Lord’s holy day honorable, and if you honor it by not going your own way and not doing as you please or speaking idle words,

14then you will find your joy in the Lord, and I will cause you to ride in triumph on the heights of the land and to feast on the inheritance of your father Jacob.” For the mouth of the Lord has spoken.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 58.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Hypocrisy reproved. (1,2) . A counterfeit and a true fast, with promises to real godliness, and, (3-12).

vv1-2

The Holy Spirit had hypocrites of every age in view. Self-love and timid Christians may say, Spare thyself; dislike to the cross and other motives will say, "Spare the rich and powerful;" but God says, "Spare not:" and we must obey God, not men. We all need earnestly to pray for God's assistance in examining ourselves. Men may go far toward heaven, yet come short; and they may go to hell with a good reputation.

vv3-12

A fast is a day to afflict the soul; if it does not express true sorrow for sin, and does not promote the putting away of sin, it is not a fast. These professors had shown sorrow on stated or occasioned fasts. But they indulged pride, covetousness, and malignant passions. To be liberal and merciful is more acceptable to God than mere fasting, which, without them, is vain and hypocritical. Many who seem humble in God's house, are hard at home, and harass their families. But no man's faith justifies, which does not work by love. Yet persons, families, neighbourhoods, churches, or nations, show repentance and sorrow for sin, by keeping a fast sincerely, and, from right motives, repenting, and doing good works. The heavy yoke of sin and oppression must be removed. As sin and sorrow dry the bones and weaken the strongest human constitution; so the duties of kindness and charity strengthen and refresh both body and mind. Those who do justly and love mercy, shall have the comfort, even in this world. Good works will bring the blessing of God, provided they are done from love to God and man, and wrought in the soul by the Holy Spirit. 13,14 The sabbath is a sign between God and his professing people; his appointing it is a sign of his favour to them; and their observing it is a sign of their obedience to him. We must turn from travelling on that day; from doing our pleasure on that holy day, without the control and restraint of conscience; or from indulging in the pleasures of sense. On sabbath days we must not follow our callings, or our pleasures. In all we say and do, we must put a difference between this day and other days. Even in Old Testament times the sabbath was called the Lord's day, and is fitly called so still; and for a further reason, it is the Lord Christ's day, Rev. 1:10. If we thus remember the sabbath day to keep it holy, we shall have the comfort and profit of it, and have reason to say, It is good to draw near to God.

Cross References

Isaiah 58
v3Leviticus 16:29thematic

Uses the identical technical Torah phrase 'afflict your soul' to define the Day of Atonement fast.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Historical example of Israel refusing to let Hebrew slaves go free and break every yoke.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Nehemiah forces the nobles to restore properties and exact no interest, loofing bands of wickedness.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Christ's judgment criteria of feeding the hungry, welcoming the stranger, and covering the naked.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v8Isaiah 52:12thematic

Direct verbal parallel regarding God's glory going before and serving as a rearward ('rereward').

Supported by JFB

Parallels the hypocritical pleasure of hearing God's words without putting them into practice.

Supported by JFB

v3Zechariah 7:5-7thematic

Zechariah similarly questions whether the people's self-imposed fasts were truly for God or themselves.

Supported by JFB

v8Exodus 14:19thematic

The historical prototype of God's glory acting as Israel's rear defense ('rereward') from Egypt.

Supported by JFB

v8Job 11:17thematic

A poetic parallel of life's light rising and breaking forth brighter than the noonday.

Supported by JFB

v41 Kings 21:9-13thematic

Jezebel's infamous fast, used as a cloak for murder, illustrating 'fasting for strife'.

Supported by JFB

v9Isaiah 65:24thematic

Parallel promise of immediate divine answer: 'before they call, I will answer'.

Supported by JFB

v12Isaiah 61:4thematic

Prophetic parallel of rebuilding the ancient ruins and raising up former devastations.

v13Revelation 1:10thematic

New Testament transition from the Sabbath of delight to the 'Lord's day'.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Jeremiah's extended warning against carrying burdens and doing business on the Sabbath day.

Echoes the promise of riding on the high places of the earth as covenant heritage.

Supported by JFB