Ezekiel33
New International Version
1The word of the Lord came to me:
2“Son of man, speak to your people and say to them: ‘When I bring the sword against a land, and the people of the land choose one of their men and make him their watchman,
3and he sees the sword coming against the land and blows the trumpet to warn the people,
4then if anyone hears the trumpet but does not heed the warning and the sword comes and takes their life, their blood will be on their own head.
5Since they heard the sound of the trumpet but did not heed the warning, their blood will be on their own head. If they had heeded the warning, they would have saved themselves.
6But if the watchman sees the sword coming and does not blow the trumpet to warn the people and the sword comes and takes someone’s life, that person’s life will be taken because of their sin, but I will hold the watchman accountable for their blood.’
7“Son of man, I have made you a watchman for the people of Israel; so hear the word I speak and give them warning from me.
8When I say to the wicked, ‘You wicked person, you will surely die,’ and you do not speak out to dissuade them from their ways, that wicked person will die for their sin, and I will hold you accountable for their blood.
9But if you do warn the wicked person to turn from their ways and they do not do so, they will die for their sin, though you yourself will be saved.
10“Son of man, say to the Israelites, ‘This is what you are saying: “Our offenses and sins weigh us down, and we are wasting away because of them. How then can we live?”’
11Say to them, ‘As surely as I live, declares the Sovereign Lord, I take no pleasure in the death of the wicked, but rather that they turn from their ways and live. Turn! Turn from your evil ways! Why will you die, people of Israel?’
12“Therefore, son of man, say to your people, ‘If someone who is righteous disobeys, that person’s former righteousness will count for nothing. And if someone who is wicked repents, that person’s former wickedness will not bring condemnation. The righteous person who sins will not be allowed to live even though they were formerly righteous.’
13If I tell a righteous person that they will surely live, but then they trust in their righteousness and do evil, none of the righteous things that person has done will be remembered; they will die for the evil they have done.
14And if I say to a wicked person, ‘You will surely die,’ but they then turn away from their sin and do what is just and right—
15if they give back what they took in pledge for a loan, return what they have stolen, follow the decrees that give life, and do no evil—that person will surely live; they will not die.
16None of the sins that person has committed will be remembered against them. They have done what is just and right; they will surely live.
17“Yet your people say, ‘The way of the Lord is not just.’ But it is their way that is not just.
18If a righteous person turns from their righteousness and does evil, they will die for it.
19And if a wicked person turns away from their wickedness and does what is just and right, they will live by doing so.
20Yet you Israelites say, ‘The way of the Lord is not just.’ But I will judge each of you according to your own ways.”
21In the twelfth year of our exile, in the tenth month on the fifth day, a man who had escaped from Jerusalem came to me and said, “The city has fallen!”
22Now the evening before the man arrived, the hand of the Lord was on me, and he opened my mouth before the man came to me in the morning. So my mouth was opened and I was no longer silent.
23Then the word of the Lord came to me:
24“Son of man, the people living in those ruins in the land of Israel are saying, ‘Abraham was only one man, yet he possessed the land. But we are many; surely the land has been given to us as our possession.’
25Therefore say to them, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: Since you eat meat with the blood still in it and look to your idols and shed blood, should you then possess the land?
26You rely on your sword, you do detestable things, and each of you defiles his neighbor’s wife. Should you then possess the land?’
27“Say this to them: ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: As surely as I live, those who are left in the ruins will fall by the sword, those out in the country I will give to the wild animals to be devoured, and those in strongholds and caves will die of a plague.
28I will make the land a desolate waste, and her proud strength will come to an end, and the mountains of Israel will become desolate so that no one will cross them.
29Then they will know that I am the Lord, when I have made the land a desolate waste because of all the detestable things they have done.’
30“As for you, son of man, your people are talking together about you by the walls and at the doors of the houses, saying to each other, ‘Come and hear the message that has come from the Lord.’
31My people come to you, as they usually do, and sit before you to hear your words, but they do not put them into practice. Their mouths speak of love, but their hearts are greedy for unjust gain.
32Indeed, to them you are nothing more than one who sings love songs with a beautiful voice and plays an instrument well, for they hear your words but do not put them into practice.
33“When all this comes true—and it surely will—then they will know that a prophet has been among them.”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Ezekiel 33.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Ezekiel's duty as a watchman. (1-9). He is to vindicate the Divine government. (10-20). The desolation of Judea. (21-29). Judgments on the mockers of the prophets. (30-33).
vv1-9
The prophet is a watchman to the house of Israel. His business is to warn sinners of their misery and danger. He must warn the wicked to turn from their way, that they may live. If souls perish through his neglect of duty, he brings guilt upon himself. See what those have to answer for, who make excuses for sin, flatter sinners, and encourage them to believe they shall have peace, though they go on. How much wiser are men in their temporal than in their spiritual concerns! They set watchmen to guard their houses, and sentinels to warn of the enemies' approach, but where the everlasting happiness or misery of the soul is at stake, they are offended if ministers obey their Master's command, and give a faithful warning; they would rather perish, listening to smooth things.
vv10-20
Those who despaired of finding mercy with God, are answered with a solemn declaration of God's readiness to show mercy. The ruin of the city and state was determined, but that did not relate to the final state of persons. God says to the righteous, that he shall surely live. But many who have made profession, have been ruined by proud confidence in themselves. Man trusts to his own righteousness, and presuming on his own sufficiency, he is brought to commit iniquity. If those who have lived a wicked life repent and forsake their wicked ways, they shall be saved. Many such amazing and blessed changes have been wrought by the power of Divine grace. When there is a settled separation between a man and sin, there shall no longer be a separation between him and God.
vv21-29
Those are unteachable indeed, who do not learn their dependence upon God, when all creature-comforts fail. Many claim an interest in the peculiar blessings to true believers, while their conduct proves them enemies of God. They call this groundless presumption strong faith, when God's testimony declares them entitled to his threatenings, and nothing else.
Key Words
דָּבָר: a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
אָמַר: to say (used with great latitude)
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
אָדָם: ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
דָבַר: perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
עַם: a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
כִּי: (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
בּוֹא: to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
חֶרֶב: drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement
עַל: above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
Cross References
Ezekiel 33Direct parallel detailing the watchman's commission and the requirement of warning the wicked.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Identical theological affirmation that God has no pleasure in the death of the wicked.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallels the people's complaint that 'the way of the Lord is not equal' and God's response.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Fulfillment of the sign that one escaping Jerusalem would come to open Ezekiel's mouth.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Fulfillment of the promise that Ezekiel's mouth would be opened and he would be no more dumb.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The Mosaic law's warning of pining away in iniquity in the lands of their enemies.
Supported by JFB
Echoes the previous warning that they would pine away for their iniquities.
Supported by JFB
The house of Israel similarly despairs, saying, 'our bones are dried, and our hope is lost.'
Supported by JFB
Contrasts the faith of Abraham (who was but one) with the presumption of the wicked remnant.
Supported by JFB
Ephraim's watchman is contrasted with or compared to the spiritual watchmen of Israel.
Supported by JFB
NT parallel asserting God is not willing that any should perish, but all should repent.
Supported by JFB
The classic Levitical formulation of walking in the statutes of life to surely live.
Supported by JFB
Relates to the opening of Ezekiel's mouth when speaking to the rebellious house.
Supported by Matthew Poole
God's appointment of spiritual watchmen over Israel to blow the trumpet and warn the people.
Supported by JFB