Ezekiel 34NIV
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Ezekiel34

New International Version

1The word of the Lord came to me:

2“Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds of Israel; prophesy and say to them: ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: Woe to you shepherds of Israel who only take care of yourselves! Should not shepherds take care of the flock?

3You eat the curds, clothe yourselves with the wool and slaughter the choice animals, but you do not take care of the flock.

4You have not strengthened the weak or healed the sick or bound up the injured. You have not brought back the strays or searched for the lost. You have ruled them harshly and brutally.

5So they were scattered because there was no shepherd, and when they were scattered they became food for all the wild animals.

6My sheep wandered over all the mountains and on every high hill. They were scattered over the whole earth, and no one searched or looked for them.

7“‘Therefore, you shepherds, hear the word of the Lord:

8As surely as I live, declares the Sovereign Lord, because my flock lacks a shepherd and so has been plundered and has become food for all the wild animals, and because my shepherds did not search for my flock but cared for themselves rather than for my flock,

9therefore, you shepherds, hear the word of the Lord:

10This is what the Sovereign Lord says: I am against the shepherds and will hold them accountable for my flock. I will remove them from tending the flock so that the shepherds can no longer feed themselves. I will rescue my flock from their mouths, and it will no longer be food for them.

11“‘For this is what the Sovereign Lord says: I myself will search for my sheep and look after them.

12As a shepherd looks after his scattered flock when he is with them, so will I look after my sheep. I will rescue them from all the places where they were scattered on a day of clouds and darkness.

13I will bring them out from the nations and gather them from the countries, and I will bring them into their own land. I will pasture them on the mountains of Israel, in the ravines and in all the settlements in the land.

14I will tend them in a good pasture, and the mountain heights of Israel will be their grazing land. There they will lie down in good grazing land, and there they will feed in a rich pasture on the mountains of Israel.

15I myself will tend my sheep and have them lie down, declares the Sovereign Lord.

16I will search for the lost and bring back the strays. I will bind up the injured and strengthen the weak, but the sleek and the strong I will destroy. I will shepherd the flock with justice.

17“‘As for you, my flock, this is what the Sovereign Lord says: I will judge between one sheep and another, and between rams and goats.

18Is it not enough for you to feed on the good pasture? Must you also trample the rest of your pasture with your feet? Is it not enough for you to drink clear water? Must you also muddy the rest with your feet?

19Must my flock feed on what you have trampled and drink what you have muddied with your feet?

20“‘Therefore this is what the Sovereign Lord says to them: See, I myself will judge between the fat sheep and the lean sheep.

21Because you shove with flank and shoulder, butting all the weak sheep with your horns until you have driven them away,

22I will save my flock, and they will no longer be plundered. I will judge between one sheep and another.

23I will place over them one shepherd, my servant David, and he will tend them; he will tend them and be their shepherd.

24I the Lord will be their God, and my servant David will be prince among them. I the Lord have spoken.

25“‘I will make a covenant of peace with them and rid the land of savage beasts so that they may live in the wilderness and sleep in the forests in safety.

26I will make them and the places surrounding my hill a blessing. I will send down showers in season; there will be showers of blessing.

27The trees will yield their fruit and the ground will yield its crops; the people will be secure in their land. They will know that I am the Lord, when I break the bars of their yoke and rescue them from the hands of those who enslaved them.

28They will no longer be plundered by the nations, nor will wild animals devour them. They will live in safety, and no one will make them afraid.

29I will provide for them a land renowned for its crops, and they will no longer be victims of famine in the land or bear the scorn of the nations.

30Then they will know that I, the Lord their God, am with them and that they, the Israelites, are my people, declares the Sovereign Lord.

31You are my sheep, the sheep of my pasture, and I am your God, declares the Sovereign Lord.’”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Ezekiel 34.

Full AI study →

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The rulers reproved. (1-6). The people are to be restored to their own land. (7-16). The kingdom of Christ. (17-31).

vv1-6

The people became as sheep without a shepherd, were given up as a prey to their enemies, and the land was utterly desolated. No rank or office can exempt from the reproofs of God's word, men who neglect their duty, and abuse the trust reposed in them.

vv7-16

The Lord declared that he intended mercy towards the scattered flock. Doubtless this, in the first place, had reference to the restoration of the Jews. It also represented the good Shepherd's tender care of the souls of his people. He finds them in their days of darkness and ignorance, and brings them to his fold. He comes to their relief in times of persecution and temptation. He leads them in the ways of righteousness, and causes them to rest on his love and faithfulness. The proud and self-sufficient, are enemies of the true gospel and of believers; against such we must guard. He has rest for disquieted saints, and terror for presumptuous sinners.

vv17-31

The whole nation seemed to be the Lord's flock, yet they were very different characters; but he knew how to distinguish between them. By good pastures and deep waters, are meant the pure word of God and the dispensing of justice. The latter verses, 23-31, prophesy of Christ, and of the most glorious times of his church on earth. Under Him, as the good Shepherd, the church would be a blessing to all around. Christ, though excellent in himself, was as a tender plant out of a dry ground. Being the Tree of life, bearing all the fruits of salvation, he yields spiritual food to the souls of his people. Our constant desire and prayer should be, that there may be showers of blessings in every place where the truth of Christ is preached; and that all who profess the gospel may be filled with fruits of righteousness.

Cross References

Ezekiel 34
v23John 10:11allusion

Jesus directly claims the Good Shepherd identity, fulfilling the promise of the one shepherd.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v2Jeremiah 23:1thematic

Parallel denunciation of the false shepherds of Israel before the promise of the Messiah.

Supported by JFB

v2Zechariah 11:17thematic

Prophetic woe pronounced on the idle, worthless shepherd who deserts and harms the flock.

Supported by JFB

v11Isaiah 40:11thematic

Prophecy of Yahweh Himself feeding His flock, gathering lambs, and gently leading the weak.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v23Ezekiel 37:24thematic

Parallel prophecy in Ezekiel identifying the future one king and shepherd as 'my servant David'.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v21 Peter 5:2-4thematic

Exhortation to Christian elders to feed the flock willingly, not for filthy lucre or by constraint.

Supported by JFB

v2Micah 3:1-3thematic

Parallel description of rulers eating the flesh of the people and flaying their skin.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v4Luke 15:4-6allusion

Jesus' parable of the lost sheep fulfills God's promise to seek out the lost.

Supported by JFB

v5Matthew 9:36allusion

Jesus views the crowds with compassion because they are scattered as sheep without a shepherd.

Supported by JFB

v11Psalms 23:1-3thematic

The classic depiction of Jehovah as the Shepherd who feeds, leads, and restores His sheep.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v24Jeremiah 23:5thematic

Messianic promise of a righteous Branch raised up unto David to reign as a wise King.

Supported by JFB

v4Exodus 1:13-14allusion

The 'force' and 'cruelty' of the false shepherds echoes the Egyptian bondage of Israel.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v13Jeremiah 23:3thematic

God promises to gather the remnant of His flock out of all countries.

Supported by JFB

Contrast of Jeshurun waxing fat and kicking, illustrating the wantonness of the strong cattle.

Supported by JFB

v17Matthew 25:32-33allusion

The Son of Man separates sheep from goats, echoing God's judgment between cattle.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v25Ezekiel 37:26thematic

Parallel promise of an everlasting covenant of peace and a sanctuary in their midst.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v25Hosea 2:18thematic

A covenant making them lie down safely, free from wild beasts and war.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v26Leviticus 26:4thematic

Covenant promise of rain in due season and the land yielding increase.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v23Hebrews 13:20thematic

New Testament benediction identifying Jesus as the great Shepherd of the sheep.

Supported by JFB

v29Isaiah 53:2typology

Christ as a tender plant out of a dry ground, relating to the plant of renown.

Supported by Matthew Henry