Ezekiel34
New Living Translation
1Then this message came to me from the Lord:
2“Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds, the leaders of Israel. Give them this message from the Sovereign Lord: What sorrow awaits you shepherds who feed yourselves instead of your flocks. Shouldn’t shepherds feed their sheep?
3You drink the milk, wear the wool, and butcher the best animals, but you let your flocks starve.
4You have not taken care of the weak. You have not tended the sick or bound up the injured. You have not gone looking for those who have wandered away and are lost. Instead, you have ruled them with harshness and cruelty.
5So my sheep have been scattered without a shepherd, and they are easy prey for any wild animal.
6They have wandered through all the mountains and all the hills, across the face of the earth, yet no one has gone to search for them.
7“Therefore, you shepherds, hear the word of the Lord:
8As surely as I live, says the Sovereign Lord, you abandoned my flock and left them to be attacked by every wild animal. And though you were my shepherds, you didn’t search for my sheep when they were lost. You took care of yourselves and left the sheep to starve.
9Therefore, you shepherds, hear the word of the Lord.
10This is what the Sovereign Lord says: I now consider these shepherds my enemies, and I will hold them responsible for what has happened to my flock. I will take away their right to feed the flock, and I will stop them from feeding themselves. I will rescue my flock from their mouths; the sheep will no longer be their prey.
11“For this is what the Sovereign Lord says: I myself will search and find my sheep.
12I will be like a shepherd looking for his scattered flock. I will find my sheep and rescue them from all the places where they were scattered on that dark and cloudy day.
13I will bring them back home to their own land of Israel from among the peoples and nations. I will feed them on the mountains of Israel and by the rivers and in all the places where people live.
14Yes, I will give them good pastureland on the high hills of Israel. There they will lie down in pleasant places and feed in the lush pastures of the hills.
15I myself will tend my sheep and give them a place to lie down in peace, says the Sovereign Lord.
16I will search for my lost ones who strayed away, and I will bring them safely home again. I will bandage the injured and strengthen the weak. But I will destroy those who are fat and powerful. I will feed them, yes—feed them justice!
17“And as for you, my flock, this is what the Sovereign Lord says to his people: I will judge between one animal of the flock and another, separating the sheep from the goats.
18Isn’t it enough for you to keep the best of the pastures for yourselves? Must you also trample down the rest? Isn’t it enough for you to drink clear water for yourselves? Must you also muddy the rest with your feet?
19Why must my flock eat what you have trampled down and drink water you have fouled?
20“Therefore, this is what the Sovereign Lord says: I will surely judge between the fat sheep and the scrawny sheep.
21For you fat sheep pushed and butted and crowded my sick and hungry flock until you scattered them to distant lands.
22So I will rescue my flock, and they will no longer be abused. I will judge between one animal of the flock and another.
23And I will set over them one shepherd, my servant David. He will feed them and be a shepherd to them.
24And I, the Lord, will be their God, and my servant David will be a prince among my people. I, the Lord, have spoken!
25“I will make a covenant of peace with my people and drive away the dangerous animals from the land. Then they will be able to camp safely in the wildest places and sleep in the woods without fear.
26I will bless my people and their homes around my holy hill. And in the proper season I will send the showers they need. There will be showers of blessing.
27The orchards and fields of my people will yield bumper crops, and everyone will live in safety. When I have broken their chains of slavery and rescued them from those who enslaved them, then they will know that I am the Lord.
28They will no longer be prey for other nations, and wild animals will no longer devour them. They will live in safety, and no one will frighten them.
29“And I will make their land famous for its crops, so my people will never again suffer from famines or the insults of foreign nations.
30In this way, they will know that I, the Lord their God, am with them. And they will know that they, the people of Israel, are my people, says the Sovereign Lord.
31You are my flock, the sheep of my pasture. You are my people, and I am your God. I, the Sovereign Lord, have spoken!”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Ezekiel 34.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The rulers reproved. (1-6). The people are to be restored to their own land. (7-16). The kingdom of Christ. (17-31).
vv1-6
The people became as sheep without a shepherd, were given up as a prey to their enemies, and the land was utterly desolated. No rank or office can exempt from the reproofs of God's word, men who neglect their duty, and abuse the trust reposed in them.
vv7-16
The Lord declared that he intended mercy towards the scattered flock. Doubtless this, in the first place, had reference to the restoration of the Jews. It also represented the good Shepherd's tender care of the souls of his people. He finds them in their days of darkness and ignorance, and brings them to his fold. He comes to their relief in times of persecution and temptation. He leads them in the ways of righteousness, and causes them to rest on his love and faithfulness. The proud and self-sufficient, are enemies of the true gospel and of believers; against such we must guard. He has rest for disquieted saints, and terror for presumptuous sinners.
vv17-31
The whole nation seemed to be the Lord's flock, yet they were very different characters; but he knew how to distinguish between them. By good pastures and deep waters, are meant the pure word of God and the dispensing of justice. The latter verses, 23-31, prophesy of Christ, and of the most glorious times of his church on earth. Under Him, as the good Shepherd, the church would be a blessing to all around. Christ, though excellent in himself, was as a tender plant out of a dry ground. Being the Tree of life, bearing all the fruits of salvation, he yields spiritual food to the souls of his people. Our constant desire and prayer should be, that there may be showers of blessings in every place where the truth of Christ is preached; and that all who profess the gospel may be filled with fruits of righteousness.
Key Words
דָּבָר: a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
אָמַר: to say (used with great latitude)
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
אָדָם: ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
נָבָא: to prophesy, i.e. speak (or sing) by inspiration (in prediction or simple discourse)
עַל: above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
רָעָה: to tend a flock; i.e. pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a friend)
יִשְׂרָאֵל: Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
כֹּה: properly, like this, i.e. by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
אֲדֹנָי: the Lord (used as a proper name of God only)
Cross References
Ezekiel 34Jesus directly claims the Good Shepherd identity, fulfilling the promise of the one shepherd.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallel denunciation of the false shepherds of Israel before the promise of the Messiah.
Supported by JFB
Prophetic woe pronounced on the idle, worthless shepherd who deserts and harms the flock.
Supported by JFB
Prophecy of Yahweh Himself feeding His flock, gathering lambs, and gently leading the weak.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallel prophecy in Ezekiel identifying the future one king and shepherd as 'my servant David'.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Exhortation to Christian elders to feed the flock willingly, not for filthy lucre or by constraint.
Supported by JFB
Parallel description of rulers eating the flesh of the people and flaying their skin.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Jesus' parable of the lost sheep fulfills God's promise to seek out the lost.
Supported by JFB
Jesus views the crowds with compassion because they are scattered as sheep without a shepherd.
Supported by JFB
The classic depiction of Jehovah as the Shepherd who feeds, leads, and restores His sheep.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Messianic promise of a righteous Branch raised up unto David to reign as a wise King.
Supported by JFB
The 'force' and 'cruelty' of the false shepherds echoes the Egyptian bondage of Israel.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
God promises to gather the remnant of His flock out of all countries.
Supported by JFB
Contrast of Jeshurun waxing fat and kicking, illustrating the wantonness of the strong cattle.
Supported by JFB
The Son of Man separates sheep from goats, echoing God's judgment between cattle.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallel promise of an everlasting covenant of peace and a sanctuary in their midst.
Supported by Matthew Henry
A covenant making them lie down safely, free from wild beasts and war.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Covenant promise of rain in due season and the land yielding increase.
Supported by Matthew Poole
New Testament benediction identifying Jesus as the great Shepherd of the sheep.
Supported by JFB
Christ as a tender plant out of a dry ground, relating to the plant of renown.
Supported by Matthew Henry