Ezekiel 34NASB
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Ezekiel34

New American Standard

1Then the word of the Lord came to me, saying,

2“Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds of Israel. Prophesy and say to those shepherds, ‘This is what the Lord God says: “Woe, shepherds of Israel who have been feeding themselves! Should the shepherds not feed the flock?

3You eat the fat and clothe yourselves with the wool, you slaughter the fat sheep without feeding the flock.

4Those who are sickly you have not strengthened, the diseased you have not healed, the broken you have not bound up, the scattered you have not brought back, nor have you searched for the lost; but with force and with violence you have dominated them.

5They scattered for lack of a shepherd, and they became food for every animal of the field and scattered.

6My flock strayed through all the mountains and on every high hill; My flock was scattered over all the surface of the earth, and there was no one to search or seek for them.”’”

7Therefore, you shepherds, hear the word of the Lord:

8“As I live,” declares the Lord God, “certainly, because My flock has become plunder, and My flock has become food for all the animals of the field for lack of a shepherd, and My shepherds did not search for My flock, but rather the shepherds fed themselves and did not feed My flock,

9therefore, you shepherds, hear the word of the Lord:

10‘This is what the Lord God says: “Behold, I am against the shepherds, and I will demand My sheep from them and make them stop tending sheep. So the shepherds will not feed themselves anymore, but I will save My sheep from their mouth, so that they will not be food for them.”’”

11For the Lord God says this: “Behold, I Myself will search for My sheep and look after them.

12As a shepherd cares for his flock on a day when he is among his scattered sheep, so I will care for My sheep and will rescue them from all the places where they were scattered on a cloudy and gloomy day.

13I will bring them out from the peoples and gather them from the countries and bring them to their own land; and I will feed them on the mountains of Israel, by the streams, and in all the inhabited places of the land.

14I will feed them in a good pasture, and their grazing place will be on the mountain heights of Israel. There they will lie down in a good grazing place and feed in rich pasture on the mountains of Israel.

15I Myself will feed My flock and I Myself will lead them to rest,” declares the Lord God.

16“I will seek the lost, bring back the scattered, bind up the broken, and strengthen the sick; but the fat and the strong I will eliminate. I will feed them with judgment.

17“As for you, My flock, this is what the Lord God says: ‘Behold, I am going to judge between one sheep and another, between the rams and the male goats.

18Is it too little a thing for you to feed in the good pasture, that you must trample with your feet the rest of your pastures? Or too little for you to drink the clear waters, that you must muddy the rest with your feet?

19But as for My flock, they must eat what you trample with your feet, and drink what you muddy with your feet!’”

20Therefore, this is what the Lord God says to them: “Behold, I, I Myself will also judge between the fat sheep and the lean sheep.

21Since you push away with your side and shoulder, and gore all the weak with your horns until you have scattered them abroad,

22therefore, I will save My flock, and they will no longer be plunder; and I will judge between one sheep and another.

23“Then I will appoint over them one shepherd, My servant David, and he will feed them; he will feed them himself and be their shepherd.

24And I, the Lord, will be their God, and My servant David will be prince among them; I the Lord have spoken.

25“And I will make a covenant of peace with them and eliminate harmful animals from the land, so that they may live securely in the wilderness and sleep in the woods.

26I will make them and the places around My hill a blessing. And I will make showers fall in their season; they will be showers of blessing.

27Also the tree of the field will yield its fruit and the earth will yield its produce, and they will be secure on their land. Then they will know that I am the Lord, when I have broken the bars of their yoke and have saved them from the hand of those who enslaved them.

28They will no longer be plunder to the nations, and the animals of the earth will not devour them; but they will live securely, and no one will make them afraid.

29I will establish for them a renowned planting place, and they will not again be victims of famine in the land, and they will not endure the insults of the nations anymore.

30Then they will know that I, the Lord their God, am with them, and that they, the house of Israel, are My people,” declares the Lord God.

31“As for you, My sheep, the sheep of My pasture, you are mankind, and I am your God,” declares the Lord God.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Ezekiel 34.

Full AI study →

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The rulers reproved. (1-6). The people are to be restored to their own land. (7-16). The kingdom of Christ. (17-31).

vv1-6

The people became as sheep without a shepherd, were given up as a prey to their enemies, and the land was utterly desolated. No rank or office can exempt from the reproofs of God's word, men who neglect their duty, and abuse the trust reposed in them.

vv7-16

The Lord declared that he intended mercy towards the scattered flock. Doubtless this, in the first place, had reference to the restoration of the Jews. It also represented the good Shepherd's tender care of the souls of his people. He finds them in their days of darkness and ignorance, and brings them to his fold. He comes to their relief in times of persecution and temptation. He leads them in the ways of righteousness, and causes them to rest on his love and faithfulness. The proud and self-sufficient, are enemies of the true gospel and of believers; against such we must guard. He has rest for disquieted saints, and terror for presumptuous sinners.

vv17-31

The whole nation seemed to be the Lord's flock, yet they were very different characters; but he knew how to distinguish between them. By good pastures and deep waters, are meant the pure word of God and the dispensing of justice. The latter verses, 23-31, prophesy of Christ, and of the most glorious times of his church on earth. Under Him, as the good Shepherd, the church would be a blessing to all around. Christ, though excellent in himself, was as a tender plant out of a dry ground. Being the Tree of life, bearing all the fruits of salvation, he yields spiritual food to the souls of his people. Our constant desire and prayer should be, that there may be showers of blessings in every place where the truth of Christ is preached; and that all who profess the gospel may be filled with fruits of righteousness.

Cross References

Ezekiel 34
v23John 10:11allusion

Jesus directly claims the Good Shepherd identity, fulfilling the promise of the one shepherd.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v2Jeremiah 23:1thematic

Parallel denunciation of the false shepherds of Israel before the promise of the Messiah.

Supported by JFB

v2Zechariah 11:17thematic

Prophetic woe pronounced on the idle, worthless shepherd who deserts and harms the flock.

Supported by JFB

v11Isaiah 40:11thematic

Prophecy of Yahweh Himself feeding His flock, gathering lambs, and gently leading the weak.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v23Ezekiel 37:24thematic

Parallel prophecy in Ezekiel identifying the future one king and shepherd as 'my servant David'.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v21 Peter 5:2-4thematic

Exhortation to Christian elders to feed the flock willingly, not for filthy lucre or by constraint.

Supported by JFB

v2Micah 3:1-3thematic

Parallel description of rulers eating the flesh of the people and flaying their skin.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v4Luke 15:4-6allusion

Jesus' parable of the lost sheep fulfills God's promise to seek out the lost.

Supported by JFB

v5Matthew 9:36allusion

Jesus views the crowds with compassion because they are scattered as sheep without a shepherd.

Supported by JFB

v11Psalms 23:1-3thematic

The classic depiction of Jehovah as the Shepherd who feeds, leads, and restores His sheep.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v24Jeremiah 23:5thematic

Messianic promise of a righteous Branch raised up unto David to reign as a wise King.

Supported by JFB

v4Exodus 1:13-14allusion

The 'force' and 'cruelty' of the false shepherds echoes the Egyptian bondage of Israel.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v13Jeremiah 23:3thematic

God promises to gather the remnant of His flock out of all countries.

Supported by JFB

Contrast of Jeshurun waxing fat and kicking, illustrating the wantonness of the strong cattle.

Supported by JFB

v17Matthew 25:32-33allusion

The Son of Man separates sheep from goats, echoing God's judgment between cattle.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v25Ezekiel 37:26thematic

Parallel promise of an everlasting covenant of peace and a sanctuary in their midst.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v25Hosea 2:18thematic

A covenant making them lie down safely, free from wild beasts and war.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v26Leviticus 26:4thematic

Covenant promise of rain in due season and the land yielding increase.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v23Hebrews 13:20thematic

New Testament benediction identifying Jesus as the great Shepherd of the sheep.

Supported by JFB

v29Isaiah 53:2typology

Christ as a tender plant out of a dry ground, relating to the plant of renown.

Supported by Matthew Henry