John13
World English Bible · Public Domain
1Now before the feast of the Passover, Jesus, knowing that his time had come that he would depart from this world to the Father, having loved his own who were in the world, he loved them to the end.
2During supper, the devil having already put into the heart of Judas Iscariot, Simon’s son, to betray him,
3Jesus, knowing that the Father had given all things into his hands, and that he came from God and was going to God,
4arose from supper, and laid aside his outer garments. He took a towel and wrapped a towel around his waist.
5Then he poured water into the basin, and began to wash the disciples’ feet and to wipe them with the towel that was wrapped around him.
6Then he came to Simon Peter. He said to him, “Lord, do you wash my feet?”
7Jesus answered him, “You don’t know what I am doing now, but you will understand later.”
8Peter said to him, “You will never wash my feet!” Jesus answered him, “If I don’t wash you, you have no part with me.”
9Simon Peter said to him, “Lord, not my feet only, but also my hands and my head!”
10Jesus said to him, “Someone who has bathed only needs to have his feet washed, but is completely clean. You are clean, but not all of you.”
11For he knew him who would betray him; therefore he said, “You are not all clean.”
12So when he had washed their feet, put his outer garment back on, and sat down again, he said to them, “Do you know what I have done to you?
13You call me, ‘Teacher’ and ‘Lord.’ You say so correctly, for so I am.
14If I then, the Lord and the Teacher, have washed your feet, you also ought to wash one another’s feet.
15For I have given you an example, that you should also do as I have done to you.
16Most certainly I tell you, a servant is not greater than his lord, neither is one who is sent greater than he who sent him.
17If you know these things, blessed are you if you do them.
18I don’t speak concerning all of you. I know whom I have chosen; but that the Scripture may be fulfilled, ‘He who eats bread with me has lifted up his heel against me.’
19From now on, I tell you before it happens, that when it happens, you may believe that I am he.
20Most certainly I tell you, he who receives whomever I send, receives me; and he who receives me, receives him who sent me.”
21When Jesus had said this, he was troubled in spirit, and testified, “Most certainly I tell you that one of you will betray me.”
22The disciples looked at one another, perplexed about whom he spoke.
23One of his disciples, whom Jesus loved, was at the table, leaning against Jesus’ chest.
24Simon Peter therefore beckoned to him, and said to him, “Tell us who it is of whom he speaks.”
25He, leaning back, as he was, on Jesus’ chest, asked him, “Lord, who is it?”
26Jesus therefore answered, “It is he to whom I will give this piece of bread when I have dipped it.” So when he had dipped the piece of bread, he gave it to Judas, the son of Simon Iscariot.
27After the piece of bread, then Satan entered into him. Then Jesus said to him, “What you do, do quickly.”
28Now nobody at the table knew why he said this to him.
29For some thought, because Judas had the money box, that Jesus said to him, “Buy what things we need for the feast,” or that he should give something to the poor.
30Therefore having received that morsel, he went out immediately. It was night.
31When he had gone out, Jesus said, “Now the Son of Man has been glorified, and God has been glorified in him.
32If God has been glorified in him, God will also glorify him in himself, and he will glorify him immediately.
33Little children, I will be with you a little while longer. You will seek me, and as I said to the Jews, ‘Where I am going, you can’t come,’ so now I tell you.
34A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another. Just as I have loved you, you also love one another.
35By this everyone will know that you are my disciples, if you have love for one another.”
36Simon Peter said to him, “Lord, where are you going?” Jesus answered, “Where I am going, you can’t follow now, but you will follow afterwards.”
37Peter said to him, “Lord, why can’t I follow you now? I will lay down my life for you.”
38Jesus answered him, “Will you lay down your life for me? Most certainly I tell you, the rooster won’t crow until you have denied me three times.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for John 13.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Christ washes the disciples' feet. (1–17). The treachery of Judas foretold. (18–30). Christ commands the disciples to love one another. (31–38).
vv1-17
Our Lord Jesus has a people in the world that are his own; he has purchased them, and paid dear for them, and he has set them apart for himself; they devote themselves to him as a peculiar people. Those whom Christ loves, he loves to the end. Nothing can separate a true believer from the love of Christ. We know not when our hour will come, therefore what we have to do in constant preparation for it, ought never to be undone. What way of access the devil has to men's hearts we cannot tell. But some sins are so exceedingly sinful, and there is so little temptation to them from the world and the flesh, that it is plain they are directly from Satan. Jesus washed his disciples' feet, that he might teach us to think nothing below us, wherein we may promote God's glory, and the good of our brethren. We must address ourselves to duty, and must lay aside every thing that would hinder us in what we have to do. Christ washed his disciples' feet, that he might signify to them the value of spiritual washing, and the cleansing of the soul from the pollutions of sin. Our Lord Jesus does many things of which even his own disciples do not for the present know the meaning, but they shall know afterward. We see in the end what was the kindness from events which seemed most cross. And it is not humility, but unbelief, to put away the offers of the gospel, as if too rich to be made to us, or too good news to be true. All those, and those only, who are spiritually washed by Christ, have a part in Christ. All whom Christ owns and saves, he justifies and sanctifies. Peter more than submits; he begs to be washed by Christ. How earnest he is for the purifying grace of the Lord Jesus, and the full effect of it, even upon his hands and head! Those who truly desire to be sanctified, desire to be sanctified throughout, to have the whole man, with all its parts and powers, made pure. The true believer is thus washed when he receives Christ for his salvation. See then what ought to be the daily care of those who through grace are in a justified state, and that is, to wash their feet; to cleanse themselves from daily guilt, and to watch against everything defiling. This should make us the more cautious. From yesterday's pardon, we should be strengthened against this day's temptation. And when hypocrites are discovered, it should be no surprise or cause of stumbling to us. Observe the lesson Christ here taught. Duties are mutual; we must both accept help from our brethren, and afford help to our brethren. When we see our Master serving, we cannot but see how ill it becomes us to domineer. And the same love which led Christ to ransom and reconcile his disciples when enemies, still influences him.
vv18-30
Our Lord had often spoken of his own sufferings and death, without such trouble of spirit as he now discovered when he spake of Judas. The sins of Christians are the grief of Christ. We are not to confine our attention to Judas. The prophecy of his treachery may apply to all who partake of God's mercies, and meet them with ingratitude. See the infidel, who only looks at the Scriptures with a desire to do away their authority and destroy their influence; the hypocrite, who professes to believe the Scriptures, but will not govern himself by them; and the apostate, who turns aside from Christ for a thing of naught. Thus mankind, supported by God's providence, after eating bread with Him, lift up the heel against Him! Judas went out as one weary of Jesus and his apostles. Those whose deeds are evil, love darkness rather than light.
vv31-35
Christ had been glorified in many miracles he wrought, yet he speaks of his being glorified now in his sufferings, as if that were more than all his other glories in his humbled state. Satisfaction was thereby made for the wrong done to God by the sin of man. We cannot now follow our Lord to his heavenly happiness, but if we truly believe in him, we shall follow him hereafter; meanwhile we must wait his time, and do his work. Before Christ left the disciples, he would give them a new commandment. They were to love each other for Christ's sake, and according to his example, seeking what might benefit others, and promoting the cause of the gospel, as one body, animated by one soul. But this commandment still appears new to many professors. Men in general notice any of Christ's words rather than these. By this it appears, that if the followers of Christ do not show love one to another, they give cause to suspect their sincerity.
Key Words
δέ (dé): but, and, etc.
πρό (pró): "fore", i.e. in front of, prior (figuratively, superior) to
ἑορτή (heortḗ): a festival
πάσχα (páscha): the Passover (the meal, the day, the festival or the special sacrifices connected with it)
Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs): Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other Israelites
εἴδω (eídō): used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent G3700 (ὀπτάνομαι) and G3708 (ὁράω); properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by implication, (in the perfect tense only) to know
ὅτι (hóti): demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
αὐτός (autós): the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
ὥρα (hṓra): an "hour" (literally or figuratively)
ἔρχομαι (érchomai): to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
Cross References
John 13Directly quoted as the prophetic fulfillment of Judas's intimate betrayal ('eateth bread with me... lifted up his heel').
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Parallel where Jesus highlights serving others, contrasting worldly status with His action as 'one that serveth.'
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel account of Peter's boast of devotion and the warning of his impending three-fold denial.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Apostolic confirmation that Scripture had to be fulfilled concerning Judas, who served as guide to Jesus' captors.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin
Jesus speaks of keeping His disciples, except the 'son of perdition,' that Scripture might be fulfilled.
Supported by JFB
Verbatim parallel teaching on representation: receiving the sent messenger is equivalent to receiving Christ Himself.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Theological parallel connecting physical washing with spiritual regeneration and the renewing of the Holy Spirit.
Supported by JFB
Highlights the absolute necessity of being born of water and Spirit to enter God's kingdom.
Supported by JFB
Christ's invitation to learn from His gentle and lowly heart, serving as our ultimate moral example.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Peter's realization that Christ left an example for us to follow in His exact steps.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Repeats the maxim that a servant is not greater than his master, warning of future persecution.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Matches the declaration that the hour has come for the Son of man to be glorified through suffering.
Supported by JFB
Parallel stating Satan entered Judas, motivating his conspiracy with the chief priests to betray Jesus.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB