Numbers28
English Standard Version
1The Lord to , ,
2 the of and to them, My , my for my , my , you shall be to to me at its .
3And you shall to them, is the you shall to the Lord: a without , day by , as a .
4The you shall in the , and the you shall at ;
5also a of an of for a , with a of a of .
6It is a , which was at for a , a to the Lord.
7Its shall be a of a for . In the you shall a of to the Lord.
8The you shall at . Like the of the , and like its , you shall it as a , with a to the Lord.
9On the , a without , and tenths of an of for a , with , and its :
10this is the of every , the and its .
11At the of your , you shall a to the Lord: from the , , a without ;
12also of an ephah of for a , with , for , and of for a , with , for the ;
13and a of with as a for ; for a with a , a to the Lord.
14Their shall be a of for a , a of a for a , and a of a for a . This is the of each throughout the of the .
15Also for a to the Lord; it shall be besides the and its .
16On the of the is the Lord ’s ,
17and on the of this is a . shall be .
18On the there shall be a . You shall ,
19but a , a to the Lord: from the , , and male lambs ; see that they are without ;
20also their of with ; of an ephah shall you for a , and for a ;
21a shall you of the ;
22also for a , to make for you.
23You shall the of the , is for a .
24In the you shall , for , the of a , with a to the Lord. It shall be the and its .
25And on the you shall have a . You shall .
26On the of the , when you a of grain to the Lord at your Feast of , you shall have a . You shall ,
27but a , with a to the Lord: from the , , a ;
28also their of with , of an ephah for , for ,
29a for of the ;
30with , to make for you.
31 the and its , you shall them and their . See that they are without .
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Numbers 28.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Offerings, The daily sacrifice. (1–8). The offering on the sabbath and new moons. (9–15). Offerings at the passover, and on the day of first-fruits. (16–31).
vv1-8
God saw fit now to repeat the law of sacrifices. This was a new generation of men; and they were concerned to keep their peace with God when at war with their enemies. The daily sacrifice is called a continual burnt-offering; when we are bid to pray always, at least every morning and evening we should offer up solemn prayers and praises to God. Nothing is added here but that the wine poured out in the drink-offering is to be strong wine, to teach us to serve God with the best we have. It was a figure of the blood of Christ, the memorial of which is still left to the church in wine; and of the blood of the martyrs, which was poured out as a drink-offering on the sacrifice and service of our faith, Php 2:17.
vv9-15
Every sabbath day, beside the two lambs offered for the daily burnt-offering, there must be two more offered. This teaches us to double our devotions on sabbath days, for so the duty of the day requires. The sabbath rest is to be observed, in order more closely to apply ourselves to the sabbath work, which ought to fill up the sabbath time. The offerings in the new moons showed thankfulness for the renewing of earthly blessings: when we rejoice in the gifts of providence, we must make the sacrifice of Christ, that great gift of special grace, the fountain and spring-head of our joy. And the worship performed in the new moons is made typical of gospel solemnities, Isa 66:23. As the moon borrows light from the sun, and is renewed by its influences; so the church borrows her light from Jesus Christ, who is the Sun of righteousness, renewing the state of the church, especially under the gospel. (Nu 28:16-31)
vv16-31
By the sacrifices enjoined in this chapter, we are reminded of the continued power of the sacrifice of Christ, and of our continual need to depend thereon. No hurrying employments, or perilous situations, or prosperous circumstances, should cause slackness in our religious exercises; but should rather stir us up to greater diligence in seeking help from, or giving thanks to the Lord. And all is to be accompanied with repentance, faith is the Lord Jesus, and love to him, and to produce true holiness in our conduct towards all men; otherwise God will abhor our most solemn services and abundant devotions. And Christ is able to supply the wants of every day, every week, every month, every year, every ordinance, every case.
Key Words
דָבַר: perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
מֹשֶׁה: Mosheh, the Israelite lawgiver
אָמַר: to say (used with great latitude)
צָוָה: (intensively) to constitute, enjoin
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
יִשְׂרָאֵל: Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
קׇרְבָּן: something brought near the altar, i.e. a sacrificial present
לֶחֶם: food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)
אִשָּׁה: properly, a burnt-offering; but occasionally of any sacrifice
רֵיחַ: odor (as if blown)
Cross References
Numbers 28The original institution of the daily burnt offering of two lambs at Mount Sinai.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Prescribes the exact measure of flour, oil, and wine for the daily lamb's offering.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Prophetic expansion of the new moon and Sabbath worship fulfilled under the Gospel.
Supported by Matthew Henry
New Testament fulfillment and cessation of the ceremonial holy days, new moons, and Sabbaths.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
The primary law establishing the dates and basic ordinances for the Passover and Unleavened Bread.
Supported by JFB
Historical practice showing cessation of trade on the new moon and Sabbath days.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Shows the custom of seeking prophetic instruction specifically on new moons and Sabbaths.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The corresponding sacrificial instructions for the Feast of Weeks / Day of Firstfruits.
Supported by JFB
Confirms the sanctuary location where the continual burnt offering and drink offering were poured.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Mandates the blowing of silver trumpets over the burnt offerings on the new moons.
Supported by JFB
Illustrates the social and family feast observations that historically accompanied the new moon.
Supported by JFB
Parallels the anthropomorphic language of calling God's food offering 'bread'.
Supported by John Calvin
Defines the general proportion of meat offerings accompanying individual animal sacrifices.
Supported by Matthew Poole