Ezra7
New American Standard
1Now after these things, in the reign of Artaxerxes king of Persia, Ezra went up to Jerusalem; Ezra was the son of Seraiah, son of Azariah, son of Hilkiah,
2son of Shallum, son of Zadok, son of Ahitub,
3son of Amariah, son of Azariah, son of Meraioth,
4son of Zerahiah, son of Uzzi, son of Bukki,
5son of Abishua, son of Phinehas, son of Eleazar, son of Aaron the chief priest.
6So this Ezra went up from Babylon, and he was a scribe skilled in the Law of Moses, which the Lord God of Israel had given; and the king granted him all he requested because the hand of the Lord his God was upon him.
7Some of the sons of Israel and some of the priests, the Levites, the singers, the gatekeepers, and the temple servants went up to Jerusalem in the seventh year of King Artaxerxes.
8And he came to Jerusalem in the fifth month, which was in the seventh year of the king.
9For on the first day of the first month he began to go up from Babylon; and on the first of the fifth month he came to Jerusalem, because the good hand of his God was upon him.
10For Ezra had firmly resolved to study the Law of the Lord and to practice it, and to teach His statutes and ordinances in Israel.
11Now this is the copy of the letter which King Artaxerxes gave to Ezra the priest, the scribe, learned in the words of the commandments of the Lord and His statutes to Israel:
12“Artaxerxes, king of kings, to Ezra the priest, the scribe of the Law of the God of heaven, perfect peace. And now
13I have issued a decree that any of the people of Israel and their priests and the Levites in my kingdom who are willing to go to Jerusalem, may go with you.
14Since you are sent on the part of the king and his seven advisers to inquire about Judah and Jerusalem according to the Law of your God which is in your hand,
15and to bring the silver and gold, which the king and his advisers have voluntarily given to the God of Israel, whose dwelling is in Jerusalem,
16with all the silver and gold which you find in the entire province of Babylon, along with the voluntary offering of the people and of the priests, who offered willingly for the house of their God which is in Jerusalem;
17with this money, therefore, you shall diligently buy bulls, rams, and lambs, with their grain offerings and their drink offerings, and offer them on the altar of the house of your God which is in Jerusalem.
18And whatever seems good to you and your brothers to do with the rest of the silver and gold, you may do according to the will of your God.
19Also the utensils which are given to you for the service of the house of your God, deliver in full before the God of Jerusalem.
20And the rest of the needs of the house of your God, for which it may be incumbent upon you to provide, provide for them from the royal treasury.
21“I myself, King Artaxerxes, issue a decree to all the treasurers who are in the provinces beyond the Euphrates River, that whatever Ezra the priest, the scribe of the Law of the God of heaven, may require of you, it shall be done diligently,
22up to a hundred talents of silver, a hundred kors of wheat, a hundred baths of wine, a hundred baths of anointing oil, and salt as needed.
23Whatever is commanded by the God of heaven, it shall be done with zeal for the house of the God of heaven, so that there will not be wrath against the kingdom of the king and his sons.
24We also inform you that it is not allowed to impose tax, tribute, or toll on any of the priests, Levites, singers, doorkeepers, temple servants, or other servants of this house of God.
25“And you, Ezra, according to the wisdom of your God which is in your hand, appoint magistrates and judges so that they may judge all the people who are in the province beyond the Euphrates River, that is, all those who know the laws of your God; and you may teach anyone who is ignorant of them.
26And whoever does not comply with the Law of your God and the law of the king, judgment is to be executed upon him strictly, whether for death or for banishment, or for confiscation of property or for imprisonment.”
27Blessed be the Lord, the God of our fathers, who has put such a thing as this in the king’s heart, to glorify the house of the Lord which is in Jerusalem,
28and has extended favor to me before the king and his counselors and before all the king’s mighty officials. So I was strengthened according to the hand of the Lord my God that was upon me, and I gathered leading men from Israel to go up with me.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Ezra 7.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Ezra goes up to Jerusalem. (1–10). The commission to Ezra. (11–26). Ezra blesses God for his favour. (27, 28).
vv1-10
Ezra went from Babylon to Jerusalem, for the good of his country. The king was kind to him; he granted all his requests, whatever Ezra desired to enable him to serve his country. When he went, many went with him; he obtained favour from his king, by the Divine favour. Every creature is that to us, which God makes it to be. We must see the hand of God in the events that befal us, and acknowledge him with thankfulness.
vv11-26
The liberality of heathen kings to support the worship of God, reproached the conduct of many kings of Judah, and will rise up in judgment against the covetousness of wealthy professed Christians, who will not promote the cause of God. But the weapons of Christian ministers are not carnal. Faithful preaching, holy lives, fervent prayers, and patient suffering when called to it, are the means to bring men into obedience to Christ.
vv27-28
Two things Ezra blessed God for: 1. For his commission. If any good appear in our hearts, or in the hearts of others, we must own that God put it there, and bless him; it is he that worketh in us, both to will and to do that which is good. 2. For his encouragement: God has extended mercy to me. Ezra was a man of courage, yet he ascribed this not to his own heart, but to God's hand. If God give us his hand, we are bold and cheerful; if he withdraw it, we are weak as water. Whatever we are enabled to do for God and those around us, God must have all the glory.
Key Words
אַחַר: properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
מַלְכוּת: a rule; concretely, a dominion
אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׁתָּא: Artachshasta (or Artaxerxes), a title (rather than name) of several Persian kings
מֶלֶךְ: a king
פָּרַס: Paras (i.e. Persia), an Eastern country, including its inhabitants
עֶזְרָא: Ezra, an Israelite
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
שְׂרָיָה: Serajah, the name of nine Israelites
עֲזַרְיָה: Azarjah, the name of nineteen Israelites
חִלְקִיָּה: Chilhijah, the name of eight Israelites
Cross References
Ezra 7Confirms the Persian custom of 'seven counsellors' or chief nobles who saw the king's face.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Illuminates the technical biblical office of a 'scribe' as a doctor of the law.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Illustrates Ezra's practice of teaching and explaining the words of the law in Israel.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identifies Seraiah as the high priest executed by Nebuchadnezzar, establishing Ezra's priestly lineage.
Supported by JFB
Illustrates how God sovereignly puts purposes into the king's heart to favor His people.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Chronologically links Artaxerxes to the kings mentioned in the building decree.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Traces Ezra's lineage through Phinehas, who was granted the covenant of everlasting priesthood.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallels the lofty title 'king of kings' used by supreme Eastern monarchs in scripture.
Supported by JFB
Connects Artaxerxes' demand for sacrifices with previous decrees to avert divine wrath on the realm.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallels the signature phrase 'according to the good hand of his God upon him.'
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallels the gathering of voluntary freewill offerings from Babylon's inhabitants for Jerusalem.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallels historical exemptions from taxes or tribute granted to sacred ministers in other empires.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Provides the complete Aaronic genealogy, from which Ezra's lineage is abbreviated here.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Demonstrates practical execution of royal/priestly decrees via confiscation of property in Jerusalem.
Supported by JFB