Proverbs21
New American Standard
1The king’s heart is like channels of water in the hand of the Lord; He turns it wherever He pleases.
2Every person’s way is right in his own eyes, But the Lord examines the hearts.
3To do righteousness and justice Is preferred by the Lord more than sacrifice.
4Haughty eyes and a proud heart, The lamp of the wicked, is sin.
5The plans of the diligent certainly lead to advantage, But everyone who is in a hurry certainly comes to poverty.
6The acquisition of treasures by a lying tongue Is a fleeting vapor, the pursuit of death.
7The violence of the wicked will sweep them away, Because they refuse to act with justice.
8The way of a guilty person is crooked, But as for the pure, his conduct is upright.
9It is better to live on a corner of a roof Than in a house shared with a contentious woman.
10The soul of the wicked desires evil; His neighbor is shown no compassion in his eyes.
11When the scoffer is punished, the naive becomes wise; But when the wise is instructed, he receives knowledge.
12The righteous one considers the house of the wicked, Bringing the wicked to ruin.
13One who shuts his ear to the outcry of the poor Will also call out himself, and not be answered.
14A gift in secret subdues anger, And a bribe in an inside pocket, strong wrath.
15The exercise of justice is joy for the righteous, But terror to those who practice injustice.
16A person who wanders from the way of understanding Will rest in the assembly of the dead.
17One who loves pleasure will become a poor person; One who loves wine and oil will not become rich.
18The wicked is a ransom for the righteous, And the treacherous is in the place of the upright.
19It is better to live in a desert land Than with a contentious and irritating woman.
20There is precious treasure and oil in the home of the wise, But a foolish person swallows it up.
21One who pursues righteousness and loyalty Finds life, righteousness, and honor.
22A wise person scales the city of the mighty And brings down the stronghold in which they trust.
23One who guards his mouth and his tongue, Guards his soul from troubles.
24“Proud,” “Arrogant,” “Scoffer,” are his names, One who acts with insolent pride.
25The desire of the lazy one puts him to death, For his hands refuse to work;
26All day long he is craving, While the righteous gives and does not hold back.
27The sacrifice of the wicked is an abomination, How much more when he brings it with evil intent!
28A false witness will perish, But a person who listens will speak forever.
29A wicked person displays a bold face, But as for the upright, he makes his way sure.
30There is no wisdom, no understanding, And no plan against the Lord.
31The horse is prepared for the day of battle, But the victory belongs to the Lord.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Proverbs 21.
v1
The believer, perceiving that the Lord rules every heart as he sees fit, like the husbandman who turns the water through his grounds as he pleases, seeks to have his own heart, and the hearts of others, directed in his faith, fear, and love.
v2
We are partial in judging ourselves and our actions.
v3
Many deceive themselves with a conceit that outward devotions will excuse unrighteousness.
Key Words
מֶלֶךְ: a king
לֵב: the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything
פֶּלֶג: a rill (i.e. small channel of water, as in irrigation)
מַיִם: water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
יָד: a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.),
נָטָה: to stretch or spread out; by implication, to bend away (including moral deflection); used in a great variety of application
חָפֵץ: properly, to incline to; by implication (literally but rarely) to bend; figuratively, to be pleased with, desire
כֹּל: properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
דֶּרֶךְ: a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb
אִישׁ: a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
Cross References
Proverbs 21Poole notes this is repeated from 16:2 for importance because of man's self-deceit.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Direct thematic parallel: obedience and moral justice are far superior to ritual sacrifice.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel comparison of a contentious woman to dwelling in the wilderness or a rooftop.
Supported by JFB
Parallel proverb detailing how the simple learns wisdom through witnessing the scorner's punishment.
Supported by JFB
Parallels the substitutionary deliverance of the righteous where the wicked comes in his stead.
Supported by JFB
Self-referential parallel highlighting the misery of dwelling with a brawling, angry woman.
Supported by JFB
Explicit thematic link stating that the war-horse is a vain hope for safety.
Supported by JFB
Parallels God's ultimate sovereign direction over a man's heart and steps.
Supported by JFB
Poole cites this to show doing justice and mercy is what God truly requires.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Prophetic parallel confirming that God desires mercy and knowledge over burnt offerings.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Illustrates the 'lamp' (translated plowing) as a metaphor for the wicked's prosperity.
Supported by JFB
Parallel highlighting that wisdom strengthens the wise more than ten mighty men.
Supported by JFB
Contrasts trusting in military horses and chariots with trusting in the Lord's safety.
Supported by JFB
Illuminates how a secret bribe or gift in the bosom influences judgment.
Supported by JFB
Illustrates that the battle is not always to the strong; ultimate safety belongs to God.
Supported by Matthew Henry