Nehemiah 2NASB
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Nehemiah2

New American Standard

1And it came about in the month Nisan, in the twentieth year of King Artaxerxes, that wine was before him, and I picked up the wine and gave it to the king. Now I had not been sad in his presence.

2So the king said to me, “Why is your face sad, though you are not ill? This is nothing but sadness of heart.” Then I was very much afraid.

3And I said to the king, “May the king live forever. Why should my face not be sad when the city, the site of my fathers’ tombs, is desolate and its gates have been consumed by fire?”

4Then the king said to me, “What would you request?” So I prayed to the God of heaven.

5Then I said to the king, “If it pleases the king, and if your servant has found favor before you, I request that you send me to Judah, to the city of my fathers’ tombs, that I may rebuild it.”

6Then the king said to me, with the queen sitting beside him, “How long will your journey be, and when will you return?” So it pleased the king to send me, and I gave him a definite time.

7And I said to the king, “If it pleases the king, let letters be given me for the governors of the provinces beyond the River, so that they will allow me to pass through until I come to Judah,

8and a letter to Asaph the keeper of the king’s forest, so that he will give me timber to make beams for the gates of the citadel which is by the temple, for the wall of the city, and for the house to which I will go.” And the king granted them to me because the good hand of my God was on me.

9Then I came to the governors of the provinces beyond the Euphrates River and gave them the king’s letters. Now the king had sent with me officers of the army and horsemen.

10And when Sanballat the Horonite and Tobiah the Ammonite official heard about it, it was very displeasing to them that someone had come to seek the welfare of the sons of Israel.

11So I came to Jerusalem and was there for three days.

12And I got up in the night, I and a few men with me. I did not tell anyone what my God was putting into my mind to do for Jerusalem, and there was no animal with me except the animal on which I was riding.

13So I went out at night by the Valley Gate in the direction of the Dragon’s Spring and on to the Dung Gate, and I was inspecting the walls of Jerusalem which were broken down and its gates which had been consumed by fire.

14Then I passed on to the Fountain Gate and the King’s Pool, but there was no place for my mount to pass.

15So I was going up at night by the ravine and inspecting the wall. Then I entered the Valley Gate again and returned.

16However, the officials did not know where I had gone or what I was doing; nor had I as yet told the Jews, the priests, the nobles, the officials, or the rest who were doing the work.

17Then I said to them, “You see the bad situation we are in, that Jerusalem is desolate and its gates have been burned by fire. Come, let’s rebuild the wall of Jerusalem so that we will no longer be a disgrace.”

18And I told them how the hand of my God had been favorable to me and also about the king’s words which he had spoken to me. Then they said, “Let’s arise and build.” So they put their hands to the good work.

19But when Sanballat the Horonite and Tobiah the Ammonite official, and Geshem the Arab heard about it, they mocked us and despised us, and said, “What is this thing that you are doing? Are you rebelling against the king?”

20So I answered them and said to them, “The God of heaven will make us successful; therefore we His servants will arise and build, but you have no part, right, or memorial in Jerusalem.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Nehemiah 2.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Nehemiah's request to the king. (1–8). Nehemiah comes to Jerusalem. (9–18). The opposition of the adversaries. (19, 20).

vv1-8

Our prayers must be seconded with serious endeavours, else we mock God. We are not limited to certain moments in our addresses to the King of kings, but have liberty to go to him at all times; approaches to the throne of grace are never out of season. But the sense of God's displeasure and the afflictions of his people, are causes of sorrow to the children of God, under which no earthly delights can comfort. The king encouraged Nehemiah to tell his mind. This gave him boldness to speak; much more may the invitation Christ has given us to pray, and the promise that we shall speed, encourage us to come boldly to the throne of grace. Nehemiah prayed to the God of heaven, as infinitely above even this mighty monarch. He lifted up his heart to that God who understands the language of the heart. Nor should we ever engage in any pursuit in which it would be wrong for us thus to seek and expect the Divine direction, assistance, and blessing. There was an immediate answer to his prayer; for the seed of Jacob never sought the God of Jacob in vain.

vv9-18

When Nehemiah had considered the matter, he told the Jews that God had put it into his heart to build the wall of Jerusalem. He does not undertake to do it without them. By stirring up ourselves and one another to that which is good, we strengthen ourselves and one another for it. We are weak in our duty, when we are cold and careless.

vv19-20

The enmity of the serpent's seed against the cause of Christ is confined to no age or nation. The application to ourselves is plain. The church of God asks for our help. Is it not desolate, and exposed to assaults? Does the consideration of its low estate cause you any grief? Let not business, pleasure, or the support of a party so engage attention, as that Zion and her welfare shall be nothing to you.

Cross References

Nehemiah 2
v1Nehemiah 1:11thematic

Direct connection to Nehemiah's previous prayer to God for mercy in the king's presence.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v2Esther 4:2thematic

Illuminates Persian court protocol making it dangerous or illegal to show sadness or mourning before the king.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v8Ezra 7:9thematic

Parallel phrase attributing safety, favor, and success to the gracious hand of God upon His servants.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v20Ezra 4:3thematic

Identical theological boundary set against foreign adversaries having a portion or right in Jerusalem's rebuilding.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v3Psalms 137:5thematic

Expresses identical deep sorrow and remembrance of Jerusalem above personal joy while in exile.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v6Nehemiah 5:14thematic

Identifies the duration of Nehemiah's government commission in Judah as lasting twelve years.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v8Proverbs 21:1thematic

Theological parallel of God directing the heart of the king to grant Nehemiah's request.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v17Nehemiah 2:13thematic

Connects Nehemiah's appeal to his actual night inspection of the broken-down walls and gates.

Supported by JFB

v9Ezra 8:22contrast

Contrasts Ezra declining a military escort with Nehemiah accepting captains and horsemen.

Supported by JFB

v19Nehemiah 4:1-3thematic

Records the continuation of mockery and scorn from Sanballat and Tobiah as building begins.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v31 Kings 1:31thematic

The standard respectful formula of loyalty addressed to kings ('Let the king live for ever').

Supported by Matthew Poole

v3Nehemiah 1:3thematic

Repeats the precise distressful report that Jerusalem lies waste with its gates consumed by fire.

Supported by JFB

v5Esther 1:19thematic

Shows standard formal Persian petition language ('If it please the king').

Supported by Matthew Poole

v14Nehemiah 3:15thematic

Identifies the gate of the fountain and pool of Siloah in the subsequent rebuilding list.

Supported by JFB