Nehemiah 2NIV
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Nehemiah2

New International Version

1In the month of Nisan in the twentieth year of King Artaxerxes, when wine was brought for him, I took the wine and gave it to the king. I had not been sad in his presence before,

2so the king asked me, “Why does your face look so sad when you are not ill? This can be nothing but sadness of heart.” I was very much afraid,

3but I said to the king, “May the king live forever! Why should my face not look sad when the city where my ancestors are buried lies in ruins, and its gates have been destroyed by fire?”

4The king said to me, “What is it you want?” Then I prayed to the God of heaven,

5and I answered the king, “If it pleases the king and if your servant has found favor in his sight, let him send me to the city in Judah where my ancestors are buried so that I can rebuild it.”

6Then the king, with the queen sitting beside him, asked me, “How long will your journey take, and when will you get back?” It pleased the king to send me; so I set a time.

7I also said to him, “If it pleases the king, may I have letters to the governors of Trans-Euphrates, so that they will provide me safe-conduct until I arrive in Judah?

8And may I have a letter to Asaph, keeper of the royal park, so he will give me timber to make beams for the gates of the citadel by the temple and for the city wall and for the residence I will occupy?” And because the gracious hand of my God was on me, the king granted my requests.

9So I went to the governors of Trans-Euphrates and gave them the king’s letters. The king had also sent army officers and cavalry with me.

10When Sanballat the Horonite and Tobiah the Ammonite official heard about this, they were very much disturbed that someone had come to promote the welfare of the Israelites.

11I went to Jerusalem, and after staying there three days

12I set out during the night with a few others. I had not told anyone what my God had put in my heart to do for Jerusalem. There were no mounts with me except the one I was riding on.

13By night I went out through the Valley Gate toward the Jackal Well and the Dung Gate, examining the walls of Jerusalem, which had been broken down, and its gates, which had been destroyed by fire.

14Then I moved on toward the Fountain Gate and the King’s Pool, but there was not enough room for my mount to get through;

15so I went up the valley by night, examining the wall. Finally, I turned back and reentered through the Valley Gate.

16The officials did not know where I had gone or what I was doing, because as yet I had said nothing to the Jews or the priests or nobles or officials or any others who would be doing the work.

17Then I said to them, “You see the trouble we are in: Jerusalem lies in ruins, and its gates have been burned with fire. Come, let us rebuild the wall of Jerusalem, and we will no longer be in disgrace.”

18I also told them about the gracious hand of my God on me and what the king had said to me. They replied, “Let us start rebuilding.” So they began this good work.

19But when Sanballat the Horonite, Tobiah the Ammonite official and Geshem the Arab heard about it, they mocked and ridiculed us. “What is this you are doing?” they asked. “Are you rebelling against the king?”

20I answered them by saying, “The God of heaven will give us success. We his servants will start rebuilding, but as for you, you have no share in Jerusalem or any claim or historic right to it.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Nehemiah 2.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Nehemiah's request to the king. (1–8). Nehemiah comes to Jerusalem. (9–18). The opposition of the adversaries. (19, 20).

vv1-8

Our prayers must be seconded with serious endeavours, else we mock God. We are not limited to certain moments in our addresses to the King of kings, but have liberty to go to him at all times; approaches to the throne of grace are never out of season. But the sense of God's displeasure and the afflictions of his people, are causes of sorrow to the children of God, under which no earthly delights can comfort. The king encouraged Nehemiah to tell his mind. This gave him boldness to speak; much more may the invitation Christ has given us to pray, and the promise that we shall speed, encourage us to come boldly to the throne of grace. Nehemiah prayed to the God of heaven, as infinitely above even this mighty monarch. He lifted up his heart to that God who understands the language of the heart. Nor should we ever engage in any pursuit in which it would be wrong for us thus to seek and expect the Divine direction, assistance, and blessing. There was an immediate answer to his prayer; for the seed of Jacob never sought the God of Jacob in vain.

vv9-18

When Nehemiah had considered the matter, he told the Jews that God had put it into his heart to build the wall of Jerusalem. He does not undertake to do it without them. By stirring up ourselves and one another to that which is good, we strengthen ourselves and one another for it. We are weak in our duty, when we are cold and careless.

vv19-20

The enmity of the serpent's seed against the cause of Christ is confined to no age or nation. The application to ourselves is plain. The church of God asks for our help. Is it not desolate, and exposed to assaults? Does the consideration of its low estate cause you any grief? Let not business, pleasure, or the support of a party so engage attention, as that Zion and her welfare shall be nothing to you.

Cross References

Nehemiah 2
v1Nehemiah 1:11thematic

Direct connection to Nehemiah's previous prayer to God for mercy in the king's presence.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v2Esther 4:2thematic

Illuminates Persian court protocol making it dangerous or illegal to show sadness or mourning before the king.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v8Ezra 7:9thematic

Parallel phrase attributing safety, favor, and success to the gracious hand of God upon His servants.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v20Ezra 4:3thematic

Identical theological boundary set against foreign adversaries having a portion or right in Jerusalem's rebuilding.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v3Psalms 137:5thematic

Expresses identical deep sorrow and remembrance of Jerusalem above personal joy while in exile.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v6Nehemiah 5:14thematic

Identifies the duration of Nehemiah's government commission in Judah as lasting twelve years.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v8Proverbs 21:1thematic

Theological parallel of God directing the heart of the king to grant Nehemiah's request.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v17Nehemiah 2:13thematic

Connects Nehemiah's appeal to his actual night inspection of the broken-down walls and gates.

Supported by JFB

v9Ezra 8:22contrast

Contrasts Ezra declining a military escort with Nehemiah accepting captains and horsemen.

Supported by JFB

v19Nehemiah 4:1-3thematic

Records the continuation of mockery and scorn from Sanballat and Tobiah as building begins.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v31 Kings 1:31thematic

The standard respectful formula of loyalty addressed to kings ('Let the king live for ever').

Supported by Matthew Poole

v3Nehemiah 1:3thematic

Repeats the precise distressful report that Jerusalem lies waste with its gates consumed by fire.

Supported by JFB

v5Esther 1:19thematic

Shows standard formal Persian petition language ('If it please the king').

Supported by Matthew Poole

v14Nehemiah 3:15thematic

Identifies the gate of the fountain and pool of Siloah in the subsequent rebuilding list.

Supported by JFB