Ezra8
New International Version
1These are the family heads and those registered with them who came up with me from Babylon during the reign of King Artaxerxes:
2of the descendants of Phinehas, Gershom; of the descendants of Ithamar, Daniel; of the descendants of David, Hattush
3of the descendants of Shekaniah; of the descendants of Parosh, Zechariah, and with him were registered 150 men;
4of the descendants of Pahath-Moab, Eliehoenai son of Zerahiah, and with him 200 men;
5of the descendants of Zattu, Shekaniah son of Jahaziel, and with him 300 men;
6of the descendants of Adin, Ebed son of Jonathan, and with him 50 men;
7of the descendants of Elam, Jeshaiah son of Athaliah, and with him 70 men;
8of the descendants of Shephatiah, Zebadiah son of Michael, and with him 80 men;
9of the descendants of Joab, Obadiah son of Jehiel, and with him 218 men;
10of the descendants of Bani, Shelomith son of Josiphiah, and with him 160 men;
11of the descendants of Bebai, Zechariah son of Bebai, and with him 28 men;
12of the descendants of Azgad, Johanan son of Hakkatan, and with him 110 men;
13of the descendants of Adonikam, the last ones, whose names were Eliphelet, Jeuel and Shemaiah, and with them 60 men;
14of the descendants of Bigvai, Uthai and Zakkur, and with them 70 men.
15I assembled them at the canal that flows toward Ahava, and we camped there three days. When I checked among the people and the priests, I found no Levites there.
16So I summoned Eliezer, Ariel, Shemaiah, Elnathan, Jarib, Elnathan, Nathan, Zechariah and Meshullam, who were leaders, and Joiarib and Elnathan, who were men of learning,
17and I ordered them to go to Iddo, the leader in Kasiphia. I told them what to say to Iddo and his fellow Levites, the temple servants in Kasiphia, so that they might bring attendants to us for the house of our God.
18Because the gracious hand of our God was on us, they brought us Sherebiah, a capable man, from the descendants of Mahli son of Levi, the son of Israel, and Sherebiah’s sons and brothers, 18 in all;
19and Hashabiah, together with Jeshaiah from the descendants of Merari, and his brothers and nephews, 20 in all.
20They also brought 220 of the temple servants—a body that David and the officials had established to assist the Levites. All were registered by name.
21There, by the Ahava Canal, I proclaimed a fast, so that we might humble ourselves before our God and ask him for a safe journey for us and our children, with all our possessions.
22I was ashamed to ask the king for soldiers and horsemen to protect us from enemies on the road, because we had told the king, “The gracious hand of our God is on everyone who looks to him, but his great anger is against all who forsake him.”
23So we fasted and petitioned our God about this, and he answered our prayer.
24Then I set apart twelve of the leading priests, namely, Sherebiah, Hashabiah and ten of their brothers,
25and I weighed out to them the offering of silver and gold and the articles that the king, his advisers, his officials and all Israel present there had donated for the house of our God.
26I weighed out to them 650 talents of silver, silver articles weighing 100 talents, 100 talents of gold,
2720 bowls of gold valued at 1,000 darics, and two fine articles of polished bronze, as precious as gold.
28I said to them, “You as well as these articles are consecrated to the Lord. The silver and gold are a freewill offering to the Lord, the God of your ancestors.
29Guard them carefully until you weigh them out in the chambers of the house of the Lord in Jerusalem before the leading priests and the Levites and the family heads of Israel.”
30Then the priests and Levites received the silver and gold and sacred articles that had been weighed out to be taken to the house of our God in Jerusalem.
31On the twelfth day of the first month we set out from the Ahava Canal to go to Jerusalem. The hand of our God was on us, and he protected us from enemies and bandits along the way.
32So we arrived in Jerusalem, where we rested three days.
33On the fourth day, in the house of our God, we weighed out the silver and gold and the sacred articles into the hands of Meremoth son of Uriah, the priest. Eleazar son of Phinehas was with him, and so were the Levites Jozabad son of Jeshua and Noadiah son of Binnui.
34Everything was accounted for by number and weight, and the entire weight was recorded at that time.
35Then the exiles who had returned from captivity sacrificed burnt offerings to the God of Israel: twelve bulls for all Israel, ninety-six rams, seventy-seven male lambs and, as a sin offering, twelve male goats. All this was a burnt offering to the Lord.
36They also delivered the king’s orders to the royal satraps and to the governors of Trans-Euphrates, who then gave assistance to the people and to the house of God.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Ezra 8.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The companions of Ezra. (1–20). Ezra implores God's blessing. (21–23). Treasures committed to the priests. (24–30). Ezra arrives at Jerusalem. (31–36).
vv1-20
Ezra assembles the outcasts of Israel, and the dispersed of Judah. God raised up the spirits of a small remnant to accompany him. What a pity that good men should omit a good work, for want of being spoken to!
vv21-23
Ezra procured Levites to go with him; but what will that avail, unless he have God with him? Those who seek God, are safe under the shadow of his wings, even in their greatest dangers; but those who forsake him, are always exposed. When entering upon any new state of life, our care should be, to bring none of the guilt of the sins of our former condition into it. When we are in any peril, let us be at peace with God, and then nothing can do us any real hurt. All our concerns about ourselves, our families, and our estates, it is our wisdom and duty, by prayer to commit to God, and to leave the care of them with him. And, on some occasions, we should decline advantages which are within our reach, lest we should cause others to stumble, and so our God be dishonoured. Let us ask wisdom of God, that we may know how to use or to refuse lawful things. We shall be no losers by venturing, suffering, or giving up for the Lord's sake. Their prayers were answered, and the event declared it. Never have any that sought God in earnest, found that they sought him in vain. In times of difficulty and danger, to set a season apart for secret or for social prayer, is the best method for relief we can take.
vv24-30
Do we expect that God should, by his providence, keep that which belongs to us, let us, by his grace, keep that which belongs to him. Let God's honour and interest be our care; and then we may expect that our lives and comforts will be his.
Key Words
רֹאשׁ: the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)
אָב: father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
יָחַשׂ: to enroll by pedigree
עָלָה: to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
עִם: adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then usually unrepresented in English)
מִן: properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
בָּבֶל: Babel (i.e. Babylon), including Babylonia and the Babylonian empire
מַלְכוּת: a rule; concretely, a dominion
אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׁתָּא: Artachshasta (or Artaxerxes), a title (rather than name) of several Persian kings
מֶלֶךְ: a king
Cross References
Ezra 8Explicitly connects the 'good hand of our God upon us' in verse 18 with Ezra's testimony in 22.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Identifies the origin of the Nethinims whom David confirmed, tracing back to Joshua's appointment of Gibeonites.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Contrasts Ezra's refusal of a military escort out of faith with Nehemiah's later acceptance of captains.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Explains the phrase 'afflict ourselves before our God' as the biblical description and purpose of fasting.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Echoes the charge of holiness to those who carry the vessels of the Lord.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Tracks the exact departure and journey timeline from the first month to arrival in Jerusalem.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallels the offering of twelve he-goats for all Israel, representing unified national restoration.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
References the priestly divisions of Phinehas (Eleazar) and Ithamar returning in the genealogy.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Connects family names like Pahath-moab back to the initial registry under Zerubbabel in chapter 2.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Connects 'the good hand of God' to Ezra's general success as a ready scribe.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Echoes Ezra's doctrinal statement that God is with those who seek Him but forsakes those who leave.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallels the careful weighing and recording of financial gifts to ensure administrative integrity and honesty.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Cross-references the Nethinims residing in Casiphia with the earlier list of returned temple servants.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Both Ezra and Nehemiah rested for exactly three days immediately upon arriving in Jerusalem.
Supported by JFB