Nehemiah4
New American Standard
1Now it came about that when Sanballat heard that we were rebuilding the wall, he became furious and very angry, and he mocked the Jews.
2And he spoke in the presence of his brothers and the wealthy people of Samaria and said, “What are these feeble Jews doing? Are they going to restore the temple for themselves? Can they offer sacrifices? Can they finish it in a day? Can they revive the stones from the heaps of rubble, even the burned ones?”
3Now Tobiah the Ammonite was near him, and he said, “Even what they are building—if a fox were to jump on it, it would break their stone wall down!”
4Hear, O our God, how we are an object of contempt! Return their taunting on their own heads, and turn them into plunder in a land of captivity.
5Do not forgive their guilt and do not let their sin be wiped out before You, for they have demoralized the builders.
6So we built the wall, and the entire wall was joined together to half its height, for the people had a mind to work.
7Now when Sanballat, Tobiah, the Arabs, the Ammonites, and the Ashdodites heard that the repair of the walls of Jerusalem went on, and that the breaches began to be closed, they were very angry.
8So all of them conspired together to come to fight against Jerusalem and to cause confusion in it.
9But we prayed to our God, and because of them we set up a guard against them day and night.
10And so in Judah it was said: “The strength of the burden bearers is failing, Yet there is much rubble; And we ourselves are unable To rebuild the wall.”
11And our enemies said, “They will not know or see until we come among them, kill them, and put a stop to the work.”
12When the Jews who lived near them came and told us ten times, “They will come up against us from every place where you may turn,”
13then I stationed men in the lowest parts of the space behind the wall, the exposed places, and I stationed the people in families with their swords, spears, and bows.
14When I saw their fear, I stood and said to the nobles, the officials, and the rest of the people: “Do not be afraid of them; remember the Lord who is great and awesome, and fight for your brothers, your sons, your daughters, your wives, and your houses.”
15Now when our enemies heard that it was known to us, and that God had frustrated their plan, then all of us returned to the wall, each one to his work.
16And from that day on, half of my servants carried on the work while half of them kept hold of the spears, the shields, the bows, and the coats of mail; and the captains were behind all the house of Judah.
17Those who were rebuilding the wall and those who carried burdens carried with one hand doing the work, and the other keeping hold of a weapon.
18As for the builders, each wore his sword strapped to his waist as he built, while the trumpeter stood near me.
19And I said to the nobles, the officials, and the rest of the people, “The work is great and extensive, and we are separated on the wall far from one another.
20At whatever place you hear the sound of the trumpet, assemble to us there. Our God will fight for us.”
21So we carried on the work with half of them holding spears from dawn until the stars appeared.
22At that time I also said to the people, “Each man with his servant shall spend the night within Jerusalem, so that they may be a guard for us by night and a laborer by day.”
23So neither I, my brothers, my servants, nor the men of the guard who followed me—none of us removed our clothes; each took his weapon even to the water.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Nehemiah 4.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Opposition of Sanballat and others. (1–6). The designs of the adversaries. (7–15). Nehemiah's precautions. (16–23).
vv1-6
Many a good work has been looked upon with contempt by proud and haughty scorners. Those who disagree in almost every thing, will unite in persecution. Nehemiah did not answer these fools according to their folly, but looked up to God by prayer. God's people have often been a despised people, but he hears all the slights that are put upon them, and it is their comfort that he does so. Nehemiah had reason to think that the hearts of those sinners were desperately hardened, else he would not have prayed that their sins might never be blotted out. Good work goes on well, when people have a mind to it. The reproaches of enemies should quicken us to our duty, not drive us from it.
vv7-15
The hindering good work is what bad men aim at, and promise themselves success in; but good work is God's work, and it shall prosper. God has many ways of bringing to light, and so of bringing to nought, the devices and designs of his church's enemies. If our enemies cannot frighten us from duty, or deceive us into sin, they cannot hurt us. Nehemiah put himself and his cause under the Divine protection. It was the way of this good man, and should be our way. All his cares, all his griefs, all his fears, he spread before God. Before he used any means, he made his prayer to God. Having prayed, he set a watch against the enemy. If we think to secure ourselves by prayer, without watchfulness, we are slothful, and tempt God; if by watchfulness, without prayer, we are proud, and slight God: either way, we forfeit his protection. God's care of our safety, should engage and encourage us to go on with vigour in our duty. As soon as a danger is over, let us return to our work, and trust God another time.
vv16-23
We must watch always against spiritual enemies, and not expect that our warfare will be over till our work is ended. The word of God is the sword of the Spirit, which we ought to have always at hand, and never to have to seek for it, either in our labours, or in our conflicts, as Christians. Every true Christian is both a labourer and a soldier, working with one hand, and fighting with the other. Good work is likely to go on with success, when those who labour in it, make a business of it. And Satan fears to assault the watchful Christian; or, if attacked, the Lord fights for him. Thus must we wait to the close of life, never putting off our armour till our work and warfare are ended; then we shall be welcomed to the rest and joy of our Lord.
Key Words
אֲשֶׁר: who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.
סַנְבַלַּט: Sanballat, a Persian satrap of Samaria
שָׁמַע: to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
כִּי: (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
בָּנָה: to build (literally and figuratively)
חוֹמָה: a wall of protection
חָרָה: to glow or grow warm; figuratively (usually) to blaze up, of anger, zeal, jealousy
רָבָה: to increase (in whatever respect)
כַּעַס: to trouble; by implication, to grieve, rage, be indignant
לָעַג: to deride; by implication (as if imitating a foreigner) to speak unintelligibly
Cross References
Nehemiah 4Poole and JFB note foxes infesting the desolate Mount Zion as Tobiah's mocking context.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Matches Nehemiah's battle cry 'our God shall fight for us' with Moses' assurance at the Red Sea.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Continues the narrative of Sanballat and Tobiah's initial and growing mocking opposition.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Spiritual parallel to combining prayer and watchfulness to guard against enemy assaults.
Supported by Matthew Henry
How God brings the crafty counsels of adversaries to nought, directly echoed here.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Matches the intense contempt and mocking ('despised') from arrogant, hostile neighbors.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Joab's classic exhortation to play the men and fight for their people and cities.
Supported by JFB
Prophetic fulfillment of Jerusalem's walls being built even in 'troublous times'.
Supported by JFB
The trumpet call to gather the people and seek God's deliverance in war.
Supported by JFB
Imprecatory parallel to not blotting out the sin of those hindering God's work.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The ultimate completion of the wall begun so zealously despite this intense opposition.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Theological type of the Christian holding the sword of the Spirit while laboring.
Supported by Matthew Henry