Nehemiah1
New American Standard
1The words of Nehemiah the son of Hacaliah. Now it happened in the month Chislev, in the twentieth year, while I was in Susa the capitol,
2that Hanani, one of my brothers, and some men from Judah came; and I asked them about the Jews who had escaped and had survived the captivity, and about Jerusalem.
3And they said to me, “The remnant there in the province who survived the captivity are in great distress and disgrace, and the wall of Jerusalem is broken down and its gates have been burned with fire.”
4Now when I heard these words, I sat down and wept and mourned for days; and I was fasting and praying before the God of heaven.
5I said, “Please, Lord God of heaven, the great and awesome God, who keeps the covenant and faithfulness for those who love Him and keep His commandments:
6let Your ear now be attentive and Your eyes open, to hear the prayer of Your servant which I am praying before You now, day and night, on behalf of the sons of Israel Your servants, confessing the sins of the sons of Israel which we have committed against You; I and my father’s house have sinned.
7We have acted very corruptly against You and have not kept the commandments, nor the statutes, nor the ordinances which You commanded Your servant Moses.
8Remember, please, the word which You commanded Your servant Moses, saying, ‘If you are unfaithful, I will scatter you among the peoples;
9but if you return to Me and keep My commandments and do them, though those of you who have been scattered were in the most remote part of the heavens, I will gather them from there and bring them to the place where I have chosen to have My name dwell.’
10They are Your servants and Your people whom You redeemed by Your great power and by Your strong hand.
11Please, Lord, may Your ear be attentive to the prayer of Your servant and the prayer of Your servants who delight to revere Your name, and please make Your servant successful today and grant him mercy before this man.” Now I was the cupbearer to the king.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Nehemiah 1.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Nehemiah's distress for the misery of Jerusalem, His prayer. (1-11).
vv1-11
Nehemiah was the Persian king's cup-bearer. When God has work to do, he will never want instruments to do it with. Nehemiah lived at ease, and in honour, but does not forget that he is an Israelite, and that his brethren are in distress. He was ready to do them all the good offices he could; and that he might know how best to do them a kindness, he makes inquiries about them. We should inquire especially concerning the state of the church and religion. Every Jerusalem on this side the heavenly one will have some defect, which will require the help and services of its friends. Nehemiah's first application was to God, that he might have the fuller confidence in his application to the king. Our best pleas in prayer are taken from the promise of God, the word on which he has caused us to hope. Other means must be used, but the effectual fervent prayer of a righteous man avails most. Communion with God will best prepare us for our dealings with men. When we have intrusted our concerns to God, the mind is set at liberty; it feels satisfaction and composure, and difficulties vanish. We know that if the affair be hurtful, he can easily hinder it; and if it be good for us, he can as easily forward it.
Key Words
דָּבָר: a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
נְחֶמְיָה: Nechemjah, the name of three Israelites
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
חֲכַלְיָה: Chakaljah, an Israelite
חֹדֶשׁ: the new moon; by implication, a month
כִּסְלֵו: Kisleu, the 9th Hebrew month
עֶשְׂרִים: twenty; also (ordinal) twentieth
שָׁנֶה: a year (as a revolution of time)
אֲנִי: I
שׁוּשַׁן: Shushan, a place in Persia
Cross References
Nehemiah 1Direct verbal echo of the promise to gather the scattered from the uttermost parts.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Connects the twentieth year and the king's cupbearer role directly to the following chapter.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Striking parallel in confession, covenant language, and appeal to God's great and terrible nature.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The foundational covenant warning of scattering among the nations for transgressions referenced by Nehemiah.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identifies Hanani as Nehemiah's brother, confirming his identity and familial connection.
Supported by JFB
Establishes a model of mourning, fasting, and praying before God concerning Jerusalem's desolation.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Alludes to God choosing a specific physical place to set His name there.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The covenant language of God keeping mercy for those who love Him and keep commandments.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Echoes Solomon's temple dedication prayer asking God's eyes and ears to be attentive.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Echoes Moses' intercession pleading that Israel is God's people redeemed by His great power.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Confirms Shushan the palace as the royal, strategic fortress location in Persia.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Direct sequel where Nehemiah addresses the broken walls and reproach of Jerusalem.
Supported by JFB
Solomon's prayer that God would grant His captive people compassion in the sight of men.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallels Ezra's deep, representative confession of national sin and guilt.
Supported by Matthew Henry