Nehemiah7
New American Standard
1Now when the wall was rebuilt and I had installed the doors, and the gatekeepers, the singers, and the Levites were appointed,
2then I put Hanani my brother, and Hananiah the commander of the citadel, in charge of Jerusalem, for he was a faithful man and feared God more than many.
3Then I said to them, “The gates of Jerusalem are not to be opened until the sun is hot, and while they are standing guard, the gatekeepers are to keep the doors shut and bolted. Also appoint guards from the inhabitants of Jerusalem, each at his post, and each in front of his own house.”
4Now the city was large and spacious, but the people in it were few and the houses were not built.
5Then my God put it into my heart to assemble the nobles, the officials, and the other people to be enrolled by genealogies. Then I found the book of the genealogy of those who came up first, in which I found the following record:
6These are the people of the province who came up from the captivity of the exiles whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had taken into exile, and who returned to Jerusalem and Judah, each to his city,
7who came with Zerubbabel, Jeshua, Nehemiah, Azariah, Raamiah, Nahamani, Mordecai, Bilshan, Mispereth, Bigvai, Nehum, and Baanah. The number of men of the people of Israel:
8the sons of Parosh, 2,172;
9the sons of Shephatiah, 372;
10the sons of Arah, 652;
11the sons of Pahath-moab of the sons of Jeshua and Joab, 2,818;
12the sons of Elam, 1,254;
13the sons of Zattu, 845;
14the sons of Zaccai, 760;
15the sons of Binnui, 648;
16the sons of Bebai, 628;
17the sons of Azgad, 2,322;
18the sons of Adonikam, 667;
19the sons of Bigvai, 2,067;
20the sons of Adin, 655;
21the sons of Ater, of Hezekiah, 98;
22the sons of Hashum, 328;
23the sons of Bezai, 324;
24the sons of Hariph, 112;
25the sons of Gibeon, 95;
26the men of Bethlehem and Netophah, 188;
27the men of Anathoth, 128;
28the men of Beth-azmaveth, 42;
29the men of Kiriath-jearim, Chephirah, and Beeroth, 743;
30the men of Ramah and Geba, 621;
31the men of Michmas, 122;
32the men of Bethel and Ai, 123;
33the men of the other Nebo, 52;
34the sons of the other Elam, 1,254;
35the sons of Harim, 320;
36the men of Jericho, 345;
37the sons of Lod, Hadid, and Ono, 721;
38the sons of Senaah, 3,930.
39The priests: the sons of Jedaiah of the house of Jeshua, 973;
40the sons of Immer, 1,052;
41the sons of Pashhur, 1,247;
42the sons of Harim, 1,017.
43The Levites: the sons of Jeshua, of Kadmiel, of the sons of Hodevah, 74.
44The singers: the sons of Asaph, 148.
45The gatekeepers: the sons of Shallum, the sons of Ater, the sons of Talmon, the sons of Akkub, the sons of Hatita, the sons of Shobai, 138.
46The temple servants: the sons of Ziha, the sons of Hasupha, the sons of Tabbaoth,
47the sons of Keros, the sons of Sia, the sons of Padon,
48the sons of Lebana, the sons of Hagaba, the sons of Shalmai,
49the sons of Hanan, the sons of Giddel, the sons of Gahar,
50the sons of Reaiah, the sons of Rezin, the sons of Nekoda,
51the sons of Gazzam, the sons of Uzza, the sons of Paseah,
52the sons of Besai, the sons of Meunim, the sons of Nephushesim,
53the sons of Bakbuk, the sons of Hakupha, the sons of Harhur,
54the sons of Bazlith, the sons of Mehida, the sons of Harsha,
55the sons of Barkos, the sons of Sisera, the sons of Temah,
56the sons of Neziah, the sons of Hatipha.
57The sons of Solomon’s servants: the sons of Sotai, the sons of Sophereth, the sons of Perida,
58the sons of Jaala, the sons of Darkon, the sons of Giddel,
59the sons of Shephatiah, the sons of Hattil, the sons of Pochereth-hazzebaim, and the sons of Amon.
60All the temple servants and the sons of Solomon’s servants totaled 392.
61These were the ones who came up from Tel-melah, Tel-harsha, Cherub, Addon, and Immer; but they could not provide evidence for their fathers’ households or their descendants, whether they were of Israel:
62the sons of Delaiah, the sons of Tobiah, the sons of Nekoda, 642.
63And of the priests: the sons of Hobaiah, the sons of Hakkoz, the sons of Barzillai, who took a wife of the daughters of Barzillai, the Gileadite, and was named after them.
64These searched among their ancestral registration, but it could not be located; therefore they were considered unclean and disqualified from the priesthood.
65And the governor said to them that they were not to eat from the most holy things until a priest arose with Urim and Thummim.
66The whole assembly together totaled 42,360,
67besides their male slaves and their female slaves, of whom there were 7,337; and they had 245 male and female singers.
68Their horses were 736; their mules, 245;
69their camels, 435; their donkeys, 6,720.
70Some of the heads of fathers’ households gave to the work. The governor gave to the treasury a thousand gold drachmas, fifty basins, and 530 priests’ garments.
71And some of the heads of fathers’ households gave to the treasury for the work twenty thousand gold drachmas and 2,200 silver minas.
72What the rest of the people gave was twenty thousand gold drachmas, two thousand silver minas, and sixty-seven priests’ garments.
73Now the priests, the Levites, the gatekeepers, the singers, some of the people, the temple servants, and all Israel lived in their cities. And when the seventh month came, the sons of Israel were in their cities.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Nehemiah 7.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The city committed to Hananiah. (1–4). Register of those that first returned. (5–73).
vv1-4
Nehemiah, having finished the wall, returned to the Persian court, and came to Jerusalem again with a new commission. The public safety depends on every one's care to guard himself and his family against sin.
vv5-73
Nehemiah knew that the safety of a city, under God, depends more upon the inhabitants than upon its walls. Every good gift and every good work are from above. God gives knowledge, he gives grace; all is of him, and therefore all must be to him. What is done by human prudence, must be ascribed to the direction of Divine Providence. But woe to those who turn back from the Lord, loving this present world! and happy those who dedicate themselves, and their substance, to his service and glory!
Key Words
אֲשֶׁר: who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.
חוֹמָה: a wall of protection
בָּנָה: to build (literally and figuratively)
עָמַד: to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)
דֶּלֶת: something swinging, i.e. the valve of adoor
שׁוֹעֵר: a janitor
שִׁיר: to sing
לֵוִיִּי: a Levite or descendant of Levi
פָּקַד: to visit (with friendly or hostile intent); by analogy, to oversee, muster, charge, care for, miss, deposit, etc.
צָוָה: (intensively) to constitute, enjoin
Cross References
Nehemiah 7The foundational parallel register of those returning with Zerubbabel, which Nehemiah explicitly finds and transcriptions.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Direct parallel list detailing the genealogical search and exclusion of these specific priestly families.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Identifies Hanani, Nehemiah's brother, who previously brought report of Jerusalem's ruin to Shushan.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
JFB notes Hariph in Nehemiah is the same as Jorah in Ezra's register.
Supported by JFB
JFB notes Sia is spelling variant of Siaha in the parallel register.
Supported by JFB
Direct parallel text tracking those returning from Tel-melah, Tel-harsha, Cherub, Addon, and Immer.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Defines the Urim and Thummim, which the Tirshatha required to resolve genealogical doubt.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Direct parallel confirming the resettlement of the priests, Levites, and people in their cities.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel account of the assembly of Israel in the seventh month after settling in cities.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Establishes context: the wall is completed and doors set up, initiating public order.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Shows the immediate next step to address the large city's small, scattered population.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallels God putting earnest care and wisdom directly into the heart of His servants.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Direct parallel in Ezra's list of those returning with Zerubbabel.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel register entry where Gibeon corresponds to Gibbar in Ezra.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel record of the men of Anathoth returning from exile.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel listing for the inhabitants of Kirjath-jearim, Chephirah, and Beeroth.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel record of the men of Ramah and Geba.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel listing of the families of Lod, Hadid, and Ono.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel listing for the priests of the house of Jedaiah.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel listing for the priestly family of Immer.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Establishes historical origin of Nethinim as temple servants from Joshua's treaty.
Identifies origin of Solomon's servants from subjugated Canaanite populations.
Provides historical background of Barzillai the Gileadite, whose descendants lost their register.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Further historical background on David showing kindness to the sons of Barzillai.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identical ruling by the Tirshatha regarding eating the most holy things.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Biblical precedent for seeking divine judgment through the Urim before the priest.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel account of the donations and gifts offered by the heads of families.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Davidic institution of singers, gatekeepers, and Levites for organized temple service.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The Mosaic standard for appointing rulers: able, God-fearing, trustworthy men.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Contrasts corrupt rulers with those who act uprightly specifically because of the fear of God.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Nehemiah's strict security protocols regarding the shutting of Jerusalem's gates.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Direct parallel list of leaders who returned under Zerubbabel.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
JFB references David's priestly courses which these returning priests reconstructed.
Supported by JFB
Direct parallel in Ezra's list of the children of Pashur.
Supported by JFB, Matthew Poole
Direct parallel in Ezra's list of the children of Harim.
Supported by JFB, Matthew Poole
Direct parallel in Ezra's list of Levites.
Supported by JFB, Matthew Poole