Ezra7
New King James Version
1Now after these things, in the reign of Artaxerxes king of Persia, Ezra the son of Seraiah, the son of Azariah, the son of Hilkiah,
2the son of Shallum, the son of Zadok, the son of Ahitub,
3the son of Amariah, the son of Azariah, the son of Meraioth,
4the son of Zerahiah, the son of Uzzi, the son of Bukki,
5the son of Abishua, the son of Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the chief priest—
6this Ezra came up from Babylon; and he was a skilled scribe in the Law of Moses, which the Lord God of Israel had given. The king granted him all his request, according to the hand of the Lord his God upon him.
7Some of the children of Israel, the priests, the Levites, the singers, the gatekeepers, and the Nethinim came up to Jerusalem in the seventh year of King Artaxerxes.
8And Ezra came to Jerusalem in the fifth month, which was in the seventh year of the king.
9On the first day of the first month he began his journey from Babylon, and on the first day of the fifth month he came to Jerusalem, according to the good hand of his God upon him.
10For Ezra had prepared his heart to seek the Law of the Lord, and to do it, and to teach statutes and ordinances in Israel.
11This is a copy of the letter that King Artaxerxes gave Ezra the priest, the scribe, expert in the words of the commandments of the Lord, and of His statutes to Israel:
12Artaxerxes, king of kings, To Ezra the priest, a scribe of the Law of the God of heaven: Perfect peace, and so forth.
13I issue a decree that all those of the people of Israel and the priests and Levites in my realm, who volunteer to go up to Jerusalem, may go with you.
14And whereas you are being sent by the king and his seven counselors to inquire concerning Judah and Jerusalem, with regard to the Law of your God which is in your hand;
15and whereas you are to carry the silver and gold which the king and his counselors have freely offered to the God of Israel, whose dwelling is in Jerusalem;
16and whereas all the silver and gold that you may find in all the province of Babylon, along with the freewill offering of the people and the priests, are to be freely offered for the house of their God in Jerusalem—
17now therefore, be careful to buy with this money bulls, rams, and lambs, with their grain offerings and their drink offerings, and offer them on the altar of the house of your God in Jerusalem.
18And whatever seems good to you and your brethren to do with the rest of the silver and the gold, do it according to the will of your God.
19Also the articles that are given to you for the service of the house of your God, deliver in full before the God of Jerusalem.
20And whatever more may be needed for the house of your God, which you may have occasion to provide, pay for it from the king’s treasury.
21And I, even I, Artaxerxes the king, issue a decree to all the treasurers who are in the region beyond the River, that whatever Ezra the priest, the scribe of the Law of the God of heaven, may require of you, let it be done diligently,
22up to one hundred talents of silver, one hundred kors of wheat, one hundred baths of wine, one hundred baths of oil, and salt without prescribed limit.
23Whatever is commanded by the God of heaven, let it diligently be done for the house of the God of heaven. For why should there be wrath against the realm of the king and his sons?
24Also we inform you that it shall not be lawful to impose tax, tribute, or custom on any of the priests, Levites, singers, gatekeepers, Nethinim, or servants of this house of God.
25And you, Ezra, according to your God-given wisdom, set magistrates and judges who may judge all the people who are in the region beyond the River, all such as know the laws of your God; and teach those who do not know them.
26Whoever will not observe the law of your God and the law of the king, let judgment be executed speedily on him, whether it be death, or banishment, or confiscation of goods, or imprisonment.
27Blessed be the Lord God of our fathers, who has put such a thing as this in the king’s heart, to beautify the house of the Lord which is in Jerusalem,
28and has extended mercy to me before the king and his counselors, and before all the king’s mighty princes. So I was encouraged, as the hand of the Lord my God was upon me; and I gathered leading men of Israel to go up with me.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Ezra 7.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Ezra goes up to Jerusalem. (1–10). The commission to Ezra. (11–26). Ezra blesses God for his favour. (27, 28).
vv1-10
Ezra went from Babylon to Jerusalem, for the good of his country. The king was kind to him; he granted all his requests, whatever Ezra desired to enable him to serve his country. When he went, many went with him; he obtained favour from his king, by the Divine favour. Every creature is that to us, which God makes it to be. We must see the hand of God in the events that befal us, and acknowledge him with thankfulness.
vv11-26
The liberality of heathen kings to support the worship of God, reproached the conduct of many kings of Judah, and will rise up in judgment against the covetousness of wealthy professed Christians, who will not promote the cause of God. But the weapons of Christian ministers are not carnal. Faithful preaching, holy lives, fervent prayers, and patient suffering when called to it, are the means to bring men into obedience to Christ.
vv27-28
Two things Ezra blessed God for: 1. For his commission. If any good appear in our hearts, or in the hearts of others, we must own that God put it there, and bless him; it is he that worketh in us, both to will and to do that which is good. 2. For his encouragement: God has extended mercy to me. Ezra was a man of courage, yet he ascribed this not to his own heart, but to God's hand. If God give us his hand, we are bold and cheerful; if he withdraw it, we are weak as water. Whatever we are enabled to do for God and those around us, God must have all the glory.
Key Words
אַחַר: properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
מַלְכוּת: a rule; concretely, a dominion
אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׁתָּא: Artachshasta (or Artaxerxes), a title (rather than name) of several Persian kings
מֶלֶךְ: a king
פָּרַס: Paras (i.e. Persia), an Eastern country, including its inhabitants
עֶזְרָא: Ezra, an Israelite
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
שְׂרָיָה: Serajah, the name of nine Israelites
עֲזַרְיָה: Azarjah, the name of nineteen Israelites
חִלְקִיָּה: Chilhijah, the name of eight Israelites
Cross References
Ezra 7Confirms the Persian custom of 'seven counsellors' or chief nobles who saw the king's face.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Illuminates the technical biblical office of a 'scribe' as a doctor of the law.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Illustrates Ezra's practice of teaching and explaining the words of the law in Israel.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identifies Seraiah as the high priest executed by Nebuchadnezzar, establishing Ezra's priestly lineage.
Supported by JFB
Illustrates how God sovereignly puts purposes into the king's heart to favor His people.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Chronologically links Artaxerxes to the kings mentioned in the building decree.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Traces Ezra's lineage through Phinehas, who was granted the covenant of everlasting priesthood.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallels the lofty title 'king of kings' used by supreme Eastern monarchs in scripture.
Supported by JFB
Connects Artaxerxes' demand for sacrifices with previous decrees to avert divine wrath on the realm.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallels the signature phrase 'according to the good hand of his God upon him.'
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallels the gathering of voluntary freewill offerings from Babylon's inhabitants for Jerusalem.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallels historical exemptions from taxes or tribute granted to sacred ministers in other empires.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Provides the complete Aaronic genealogy, from which Ezra's lineage is abbreviated here.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Demonstrates practical execution of royal/priestly decrees via confiscation of property in Jerusalem.
Supported by JFB