Genesis 19NASB
Books
All books

Genesis19

New American Standard

1Now the two angels came to Sodom in the evening as Lot was sitting at the gate of Sodom. When Lot saw them, he stood up to meet them and bowed down with his face to the ground.

2And he said, “Now behold, my lords, please turn aside into your servant’s house, and spend the night, and wash your feet; then you may rise early and go on your way.” They said, “No, but we shall spend the night in the public square.”

3Yet he strongly urged them, so they turned aside to him and entered his house; and he prepared a feast for them and baked unleavened bread, and they ate.

4Before they lay down, the men of the city—the men of Sodom—surrounded the house, both young and old, all the people from every quarter;

5and they called to Lot and said to him, “Where are the men who came to you tonight? Bring them out to us that we may have relations with them.”

6But Lot went out to them at the doorway, and shut the door behind him,

7and said, “Please, my brothers, do not act wickedly.

8Now look, I have two daughters who have not had relations with any man; please let me bring them out to you, and do to them whatever you like; only do not do anything to these men, because they have come under the shelter of my roof.”

9But they said, “Get out of the way!” They also said, “This one came in as a foreigner, and already he is acting like a judge; now we will treat you worse than them!” So they pressed hard against Lot and moved forward to break the door.

10But the men reached out their hands and brought Lot into the house with them, and shut the door.

11Then they struck the men who were at the doorway of the house with blindness, from the small to the great, so that they became weary of trying to find the doorway.

12Then the two men said to Lot, “Whom else do you have here? A son-in-law and your sons and daughters, and whomever you have in the city, bring them out of the place;

13for we are about to destroy this place, because their outcry has become so great before the Lord that the Lord has sent us to destroy it.”

14So Lot went out and spoke to his sons-in-law, who were to marry his daughters, and said, “Up, get out of this place, for the Lord is destroying the city.” But he appeared to his sons-in-law to be joking.

15When morning dawned, the angels urged Lot, saying, “Up, take your wife and your two daughters who are here, or you will be swept away in the punishment of the city.”

16But he hesitated. So the men grasped his hand and the hand of his wife and the hands of his two daughters, because the compassion of the Lord was upon him; and they brought him out and put him outside the city.

17When they had brought them outside, one said, “Escape for your life! Do not look behind you, and do not stay anywhere in the surrounding area; escape to the mountains, or you will be swept away.”

18But Lot said to them, “Oh no, my lords!

19Now behold, your servant has found favor in your sight, and you have magnified your compassion, which you have shown me by saving my life; but I cannot escape to the mountains, for the disaster will overtake me and I will die;

20now behold, this town is near enough to flee to, and it is small. Please, let me escape there (is it not small?) so that my life may be saved.”

21And he said to him, “Behold, I grant you this request also, not to overthrow the town of which you have spoken.

22Hurry, escape there, for I cannot do anything until you arrive there.” Therefore the town was named Zoar.

23The sun had risen over the earth when Lot came to Zoar.

24Then the Lord rained brimstone and fire on Sodom and Gomorrah from the Lord out of heaven,

25and He overthrew those cities, and all the surrounding area, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and what grew on the ground.

26But Lot’s wife, from behind him, looked back, and she became a pillar of salt.

27Now Abraham got up early in the morning and went to the place where he had stood before the Lord;

28and he looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the surrounding area; and behold, he saw the smoke of the land ascended like the smoke of a furnace.

29So it came about, when God destroyed the cities of the surrounding area, that God remembered Abraham, and sent Lot out of the midst of the destruction, when He overthrew the cities in which Lot had lived.

30Now Lot went up from Zoar with his two daughters and stayed in the mountains, because he was afraid to stay in Zoar; and he stayed in a cave, he and his two daughters.

31Then the firstborn said to the younger, “Our father is old, and there is not a man on earth to have relations with us according to the custom of all the earth.

32Come, let’s make our father drink wine, and let’s sleep with him so that we may keep our family alive through our father.”

33So they made their father drink wine that night, and the firstborn went in and slept with her father; and he did not know when she lay down or got up.

34On the following day, the firstborn said to the younger, “Look, I slept last night with my father; let’s make him drink wine tonight too, then you go in and sleep with him, so that we may keep our family alive through our father.”

35So they had their father drink wine that night too, and the younger got up and slept with him; and he did not know when she lay down or got up.

36And so both of the daughters of Lot conceived by their father.

37The firstborn gave birth to a son, and named him Moab; he is the father of the Moabites to this day.

38As for the younger, she also gave birth to a son, and named him Ben-ammi; he is the father of the sons of Ammon to this day.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Genesis 19.

Full AI study →

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The destruction of Sodom, and the deliverance of Lot. (1–29). The sin and disgrace of Lot. (30–38).

vv1-29

Lot was good, but there was not one more of the same character in the city. All the people of Sodom were very wicked and vile. Care was therefore taken for saving Lot and his family. Lot lingered; he trifled. Thus many who are under convictions about their spiritual state, and the necessity of a change, defer that needful work. The salvation of the most righteous men is of God's mercy, not by their own merit. We are saved by grace. God's power also must be acknowledged in bringing souls out of a sinful state If God had not been merciful to us, our lingering had been our ruin. Lot must flee for his life. He must not hanker after Sodom. Such commands as these are given to those who, through grace, are delivered out of a sinful state and condition. Return not to sin and Satan. Rest not in self and the world. Reach toward Christ and heaven, for that is escaping to the mountain, short of which we must not stop. Concerning this destruction, observe that it is a revelation of the wrath of God against sin and sinners of all ages. Let us learn from hence the evil of sin, and its hurtful nature; it leads to ruin.

vv30-38

See the peril of security. Lot, who kept chaste in Sodom, and was a mourner for the wickedness of the place, and a witness against it, when in the mountain, alone, and, as he thought, out of the way of temptation, is shamefully overtaken. Let him that thinks he stands high, and stands firm, take heed lest he fall. See the peril of drunkenness; it is not only a great sin itself, but lets in many sins, which bring a lasting wound and dishonour. Many a man does that, when he is drunk, which, when he is sober, he could not think of without horror. See also the peril of temptation, even from relations and friends, whom we love and esteem, and expect kindness from. We must dread a snare, wherever we are, and be always upon our guard. No excuse can be made for the daughters, nor for Lot. Scarcely any account can be given of the affair but this, The heart is deceitful above all things, and desperately wicked: who can know it? From the silence of the Scripture concerning Lot henceforward, learn that drunkenness, as it makes men forgetful, so it makes them to be forgotten.

Cross References

Genesis 19
v72 Peter 2:7thematic

Peter explicitly identifies Lot as a 'righteous man' vexed by the filthy conversation of the wicked.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v26Luke 17:32allusion

Jesus directly warns his disciples regarding judgment by commanding them to 'Remember Lot's wife' looking back.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v2Hebrews 13:2thematic

Alludes to Lot and Abraham entertaining angels unawares through hospitable reception of strangers.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v5Judges 19:22allusion

A striking moral parallel where wicked men surround a house demanding to carnally 'know' a male guest.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v292 Peter 2:7thematic

New Testament verification that God delivered 'just Lot,' vexed with the filthy conversation of the wicked.

Supported by JFB

v29Genesis 18:22-33thematic

God explicitly remembered His covenant-friend Abraham's intercession by rescuing Lot from the impending destruction.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v5Romans 1:26thematic

Paul's theological description of the unnatural, shameful lusts that characterized Sodom's sin.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v5Isaiah 3:9thematic

Isaiah describes Israel's open, impudent boasting of their sin, declaring it 'as Sodom'.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v8Judges 19:23thematic

Parallel moral compromise offering daughters to protect male guests under the shadow of the roof.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

Classical Old Testament summary of the standard covenant curse depicting the brimstone and burning of Sodom.

Supported by JFB

v24Jude 1:7thematic

Sodom and Gomorrah are set forth as an eternal warning, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v24Luke 17:29allusion

Jesus cites the historical reality of the day when fire and brimstone rained from heaven.

Supported by JFB

v8Romans 3:8contrast

Contrasts with Lot's compromise, showing the biblical principle that we must not do evil for good.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v112 Kings 6:18thematic

Another historical event where God smote an attacking force with blindness to deliver His servants.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v142 Peter 3:4thematic

Parallels the sons-in-law's mocking disbelief with end-time scoffers who mock warnings of judgment.

Supported by JFB

v14Luke 17:28thematic

Jesus highlights the worldly complacency and sudden ruin of Sodom as a pattern of His coming.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v37Deuteronomy 2:9thematic

God commands Israel not to distress Moab, because He gave Ar to the descendants of Lot.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v38Deuteronomy 2:19thematic

God commands Israel not to distress Ammon, because their territory was given to the children of Lot.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v1Genesis 18:22thematic

Connects back to the two angels departing from Mamre to head down toward Sodom.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v2Genesis 18:4thematic

Lot's identical offer of hospitality (washing feet, resting) mirrors Abraham's earlier welcome.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v15Numbers 16:26thematic

Moses warns the congregation to depart from the wicked tents lest they be consumed in their sins.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v17Genesis 19:26thematic

The tragic outcome of disobeying the command 'look not behind thee' in this immediate context.

Supported by JFB

v21Job 42:8thematic

Illustrates God 'accepting' a mediator's prayer, parallel to accepting Lot's request for Zoar's sparing.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v24Job 1:16thematic

Parallels the volcanic/atmospheric imagery of 'the fire of God fallen from heaven' burning up victims.

Supported by JFB

v32Genesis 9:21thematic

Parallels the tragic vulnerability of godly patriarchs falling into shameful sin through excessive wine.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v24Isaiah 13:19thematic

Prophetic allusion comparing the total overthrow of Babylon to God's historic destruction of Sodom.

Supported by JFB

v26Genesis 19:17thematic

Lot's wife explicitly violated the angel's strict command given in verse 17: 'look not behind thee.'

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v30Genesis 19:20thematic

Lot fled Zoar for the mountain, fearing to stay in the city he previously begged to save.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v37Deuteronomy 23:3thematic

The tragic legacy: Moabites and Ammonites are excluded from entering the congregation of the Lord.

Supported by Matthew Poole