Job 41NASB
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Job41

New American Standard

1“Can you drag out Leviathan with a fishhook, And press down his tongue with a rope?

2Can you put a rope in his nose, And pierce his jaw with a hook?

3Will he make many pleas to you, Or will he speak to you gentle words?

4Will he make a covenant with you? Will you take him as a servant forever?

5Will you play with him as with a bird, And tie him down for your young girls?

6Will the traders bargain for him? Will they divide him among the merchants?

7Can you fill his skin with harpoons, Or his head with fishing spears?

8Lay your hand on him. Remember the battle; you will not do it again!

9Behold, your expectation is false; Will you be hurled down even at the sight of him?

10No one is so reckless that he dares to stir him; Who then is he who opposes Me?

11Who has been first to give to Me, that I should repay him? Whatever is under the entire heaven is Mine.

12“I will not be silent about his limbs, Or his mighty strength, or his graceful frame.

13Who can strip off his outer covering? Who can pierce his double armor?

14Who can open the doors of his face? Around his teeth there is terror.

15His strong scales are his pride, Locked as with a tight seal.

16One is so close to another That no air can come between them.

17They are joined one to another; They clasp each other and cannot be separated.

18His sneezes flash forth light, And his eyes are like the eye of dawn.

19From his mouth go burning torches; Sparks of fire leap forth.

20From his nostrils smoke goes out As from a boiling pot and burning reeds.

21His breath sets coals aglow, And a flame goes forth from his mouth.

22In his neck dwells strength, And dismay leaps before him.

23The folds of his flesh are joined together, Firm and immovable on him.

24His heart is as firm as a stone, And as firm as a lower millstone.

25When he rises up, the mighty are afraid; Because of the crashing they are bewildered.

26The sword that reaches him cannot prevail, Nor the spear, the dart, or the javelin.

27He regards iron as straw, Bronze as rotten wood.

28The arrow cannot make him flee; Slingstones are turned into stubble for him.

29Clubs are regarded as stubble; He laughs at the rattling of the javelin.

30His underparts are like sharp pieces of pottery; He spreads out like a threshing sledge on the mud.

31He makes the depths boil like a pot; He makes the sea like a jar of ointment.

32Behind him he illuminates a pathway; One would think the deep to be gray-haired.

33Nothing on earth is like him, One made without fear.

34He looks on everything that is high; He is king over all the sons of pride.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Job 41.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Concerning Leviathan. (1-34).

vv1-34

—The description of the Leviathan, is yet further to convince Job of his own weakness, and of God's almighty power. Whether this Leviathan be a whale or a crocodile, is disputed. The Lord, having showed Job how unable he was to deal with the Leviathan, sets forth his own power in that mighty creature. If such language describes the terrible force of Leviathan, what words can express the power of God's wrath? Under a humbling sense of our own vileness, let us revere the Divine Majesty; take and fill our allotted place, cease from our own wisdom, and give all glory to our gracious God and Saviour. Remembering from whom every good gift cometh, and for what end it was given, let us walk humbly with the Lord.

Key Words

draw outH4900Hebrew

מָשַׁךְ: to draw, used in a great variety of applications (including to sow, to sound, to prolong, to develop, to march, to remove, to delay, to be tall, etc.)

LeviathanH3882Hebrew

לִוְיָתָן: a wreathed animal, i.e. a serpent (especially the crocodile or some other large sea-monster); figuratively, the constellation of the dragon; also as a symbol of Babylon

fishhookH2443Hebrew

חַכָּה: a hook (as adhering)

press downH8257Hebrew

שָׁקַע: to subside; by implication, to be overflowed, cease; causatively, to abate, subdue

tongueH3956Hebrew

לָשׁוֹן: the tongue (of man or animals), used literally (as the instrument of licking, eating, or speech), and figuratively (speech, an ingot, a fork of flame, a cove of water)

cordH2256Hebrew

חֶבֶל: a rope (as twisted), especially a measuring line; by implication, a district or inheritance (as measured); or a noose (as of cords); figuratively, a company (as if tied together); also a throe (especially of parturition); also ruin

putH7760Hebrew

שׂוּם: to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)

ropeH100Hebrew

אַגְמוֹן: a bulrush (as growing there); collectively a rope of bulrushes

noseH639Hebrew

אַף: properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also (from the rapid breathing in passion) ire

pierceH5344Hebrew

נָקַב: to puncture, literally (to perforate, with more or less violence) or figuratively (to specify, designate, libel)

Cross References

Job 41
v11Romans 11:35thematic

Paul echoes this verse to show God is under obligation to no man for his sovereign gifts.

Supported by JFB

v1Psalms 104:26thematic

Explicit biblical mention of Leviathan playing in the deep, showing God's creative design.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v1Psalms 74:14thematic

Identifies Leviathan as a symbol/type of oppressive worldly powers (like Egypt's Pharaoh) crushed by God.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v1Isaiah 27:1thematic

Leviathan depicted as the piercing, crooked serpent that the Lord will punish with His sore sword.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v1Ezekiel 29:4thematic

Prophetic imagery of putting hooks in the jaws of the great river monster (Pharaoh/Egypt).

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v2Isaiah 37:29thematic

God puts His hook in Sennacherib's nose, treating a proud king like a subdued beast.

Supported by JFB

v34Ezekiel 29:3thematic

Pharaoh is compared to the great dragon (crocodile) in the rivers, embodying pride and sovereignty.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v1Job 3:8thematic

Refers to those skilled in mourning who are ready to rouse up Leviathan.

Supported by JFB

v10Genesis 49:9thematic

Parallel warning against rousing a fierce, sleeping beast (a lion), illustrating the danger of Leviathan.

Supported by JFB

v11Exodus 19:5thematic

Affirms God's absolute ownership of the whole earth, establishing His sovereign authority over creation.

Supported by JFB

v19Psalms 18:8thematic

Poetic imagery of smoke and consuming fire from the nostrils/mouth of God in His wrath.

Supported by JFB

The law of taking a servant 'for ever', contrasting with Leviathan's absolute untamability.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v5Job 39:10thematic

Similar rhetorical question about binding a wild beast (the unicorn) to serve human purposes.

Supported by JFB

v3Proverbs 18:23contrast

The poor use entreaties, but the mighty beast will never make soft supplications.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v10Psalms 2:11thematic

If a mere creature cannot be opposed, how much more must men serve God with fear.

Supported by JFB

v33Job 40:19thematic

Compares Leviathan's unique supremacy to Behemoth as the chief of the ways of God.

Supported by JFB