Job 41NKJV
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Job41

New King James Version

1“Can you draw out Leviathan with a hook, Or snare his tongue with a line which you lower?

2Can you put a reed through his nose, Or pierce his jaw with a hook?

3Will he make many supplications to you? Will he speak softly to you?

4Will he make a covenant with you? Will you take him as a servant forever?

5Will you play with him as with a bird, Or will you leash him for your maidens?

6Will your companions make a banquet of him? Will they apportion him among the merchants?

7Can you fill his skin with harpoons, Or his head with fishing spears?

8Lay your hand on him; Remember the battle— Never do it again!

9Indeed, any hope of overcoming him is false; Shall one not be overwhelmed at the sight of him?

10No one is so fierce that he would dare stir him up. Who then is able to stand against Me?

11Who has preceded Me, that I should pay him? Everything under heaven is Mine.

12“I will not conceal his limbs, His mighty power, or his graceful proportions.

13Who can remove his outer coat? Who can approach him with a double bridle?

14Who can open the doors of his face, With his terrible teeth all around?

15His rows of scales are his pride, Shut up tightly as with a seal;

16One is so near another That no air can come between them;

17They are joined one to another, They stick together and cannot be parted.

18His sneezings flash forth light, And his eyes are like the eyelids of the morning.

19Out of his mouth go burning lights; Sparks of fire shoot out.

20Smoke goes out of his nostrils, As from a boiling pot and burning rushes.

21His breath kindles coals, And a flame goes out of his mouth.

22Strength dwells in his neck, And sorrow dances before him.

23The folds of his flesh are joined together; They are firm on him and cannot be moved.

24His heart is as hard as stone, Even as hard as the lower millstone.

25When he raises himself up, the mighty are afraid; Because of his crashings they are beside themselves.

26Though the sword reaches him, it cannot avail; Nor does spear, dart, or javelin.

27He regards iron as straw, And bronze as rotten wood.

28The arrow cannot make him flee; Slingstones become like stubble to him.

29Darts are regarded as straw; He laughs at the threat of javelins.

30His undersides are like sharp potsherds; He spreads pointed marks in the mire.

31He makes the deep boil like a pot; He makes the sea like a pot of ointment.

32He leaves a shining wake behind him; One would think the deep had white hair.

33On earth there is nothing like him, Which is made without fear.

34He beholds every high thing; He is king over all the children of pride.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Job 41.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Concerning Leviathan. (1-34).

vv1-34

—The description of the Leviathan, is yet further to convince Job of his own weakness, and of God's almighty power. Whether this Leviathan be a whale or a crocodile, is disputed. The Lord, having showed Job how unable he was to deal with the Leviathan, sets forth his own power in that mighty creature. If such language describes the terrible force of Leviathan, what words can express the power of God's wrath? Under a humbling sense of our own vileness, let us revere the Divine Majesty; take and fill our allotted place, cease from our own wisdom, and give all glory to our gracious God and Saviour. Remembering from whom every good gift cometh, and for what end it was given, let us walk humbly with the Lord.

Key Words

draw outH4900Hebrew

מָשַׁךְ: to draw, used in a great variety of applications (including to sow, to sound, to prolong, to develop, to march, to remove, to delay, to be tall, etc.)

LeviathanH3882Hebrew

לִוְיָתָן: a wreathed animal, i.e. a serpent (especially the crocodile or some other large sea-monster); figuratively, the constellation of the dragon; also as a symbol of Babylon

fishhookH2443Hebrew

חַכָּה: a hook (as adhering)

press downH8257Hebrew

שָׁקַע: to subside; by implication, to be overflowed, cease; causatively, to abate, subdue

tongueH3956Hebrew

לָשׁוֹן: the tongue (of man or animals), used literally (as the instrument of licking, eating, or speech), and figuratively (speech, an ingot, a fork of flame, a cove of water)

cordH2256Hebrew

חֶבֶל: a rope (as twisted), especially a measuring line; by implication, a district or inheritance (as measured); or a noose (as of cords); figuratively, a company (as if tied together); also a throe (especially of parturition); also ruin

putH7760Hebrew

שׂוּם: to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)

ropeH100Hebrew

אַגְמוֹן: a bulrush (as growing there); collectively a rope of bulrushes

noseH639Hebrew

אַף: properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also (from the rapid breathing in passion) ire

pierceH5344Hebrew

נָקַב: to puncture, literally (to perforate, with more or less violence) or figuratively (to specify, designate, libel)

Cross References

Job 41
v11Romans 11:35thematic

Paul echoes this verse to show God is under obligation to no man for his sovereign gifts.

Supported by JFB

v1Psalms 104:26thematic

Explicit biblical mention of Leviathan playing in the deep, showing God's creative design.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v1Psalms 74:14thematic

Identifies Leviathan as a symbol/type of oppressive worldly powers (like Egypt's Pharaoh) crushed by God.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v1Isaiah 27:1thematic

Leviathan depicted as the piercing, crooked serpent that the Lord will punish with His sore sword.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v1Ezekiel 29:4thematic

Prophetic imagery of putting hooks in the jaws of the great river monster (Pharaoh/Egypt).

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v2Isaiah 37:29thematic

God puts His hook in Sennacherib's nose, treating a proud king like a subdued beast.

Supported by JFB

v34Ezekiel 29:3thematic

Pharaoh is compared to the great dragon (crocodile) in the rivers, embodying pride and sovereignty.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v1Job 3:8thematic

Refers to those skilled in mourning who are ready to rouse up Leviathan.

Supported by JFB

v10Genesis 49:9thematic

Parallel warning against rousing a fierce, sleeping beast (a lion), illustrating the danger of Leviathan.

Supported by JFB

v11Exodus 19:5thematic

Affirms God's absolute ownership of the whole earth, establishing His sovereign authority over creation.

Supported by JFB

v19Psalms 18:8thematic

Poetic imagery of smoke and consuming fire from the nostrils/mouth of God in His wrath.

Supported by JFB

The law of taking a servant 'for ever', contrasting with Leviathan's absolute untamability.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v5Job 39:10thematic

Similar rhetorical question about binding a wild beast (the unicorn) to serve human purposes.

Supported by JFB

v3Proverbs 18:23contrast

The poor use entreaties, but the mighty beast will never make soft supplications.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v10Psalms 2:11thematic

If a mere creature cannot be opposed, how much more must men serve God with fear.

Supported by JFB

v33Job 40:19thematic

Compares Leviathan's unique supremacy to Behemoth as the chief of the ways of God.

Supported by JFB