Daniel 10NIV
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Daniel10

New International Version

1In the third year of Cyrus king of Persia, a revelation was given to Daniel (who was called Belteshazzar). Its message was true and it concerned a great war. The understanding of the message came to him in a vision.

2At that time I, Daniel, mourned for three weeks.

3I ate no choice food; no meat or wine touched my lips; and I used no lotions at all until the three weeks were over.

4On the twenty-fourth day of the first month, as I was standing on the bank of the great river, the Tigris,

5I looked up and there before me was a man dressed in linen, with a belt of fine gold from Uphaz around his waist.

6His body was like topaz, his face like lightning, his eyes like flaming torches, his arms and legs like the gleam of burnished bronze, and his voice like the sound of a multitude.

7I, Daniel, was the only one who saw the vision; those who were with me did not see it, but such terror overwhelmed them that they fled and hid themselves.

8So I was left alone, gazing at this great vision; I had no strength left, my face turned deathly pale and I was helpless.

9Then I heard him speaking, and as I listened to him, I fell into a deep sleep, my face to the ground.

10A hand touched me and set me trembling on my hands and knees.

11He said, “Daniel, you who are highly esteemed, consider carefully the words I am about to speak to you, and stand up, for I have now been sent to you.” And when he said this to me, I stood up trembling.

12Then he continued, “Do not be afraid, Daniel. Since the first day that you set your mind to gain understanding and to humble yourself before your God, your words were heard, and I have come in response to them.

13But the prince of the Persian kingdom resisted me twenty-one days. Then Michael, one of the chief princes, came to help me, because I was detained there with the king of Persia.

14Now I have come to explain to you what will happen to your people in the future, for the vision concerns a time yet to come.”

15While he was saying this to me, I bowed with my face toward the ground and was speechless.

16Then one who looked like a man touched my lips, and I opened my mouth and began to speak. I said to the one standing before me, “I am overcome with anguish because of the vision, my lord, and I feel very weak.

17How can I, your servant, talk with you, my lord? My strength is gone and I can hardly breathe.”

18Again the one who looked like a man touched me and gave me strength.

19“Do not be afraid, you who are highly esteemed,” he said. “Peace! Be strong now; be strong.” When he spoke to me, I was strengthened and said, “Speak, my lord, since you have given me strength.”

20So he said, “Do you know why I have come to you? Soon I will return to fight against the prince of Persia, and when I go, the prince of Greece will come;

21but first I will tell you what is written in the Book of Truth. (No one supports me against them except Michael, your prince.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Daniel 10.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Daniel's vision near the river Hiddekel. (1-9). He is to expect a discovery of future events. (10-21).

vv1-9

This chapter relates the beginning of Daniel's last vision, which is continued to the end of the book. The time would be long before all would be accomplished; and much of it is not yet fulfilled. Christ appeared to Daniel in a glorious form, and it should engage us to think highly and honourably of him. Let us admire his condescension for us and our salvation. There remained no strength in Daniel. The greatest and best of men cannot bear the full discoveries of the Divine glory; for no man can see it, and live; but glorified saints see Christ as he is, and can bear the sight. How dreadful soever Christ may appear to those under convictions of sin, there is enough in his word to quiet their spirits.

vv10-21

Whenever we enter into communion with God, it becomes us to have a due sense of the infinite distance between us and the holy God. How shall we, that are dust and ashes, speak to the Lord of glory? Nothing is more likely, nothing more effectual to revive the drooping spirits of the saints, than to be assured of God's love to them. From the very first day we begin to look toward God in a way of duty, he is ready to meet us in the way of mercy. Thus ready is God to hear prayer. When the angel had told the prophet of the things to come, he was to return, and oppose the decrees of the Persian kings against the Jews. The angels are employed as God's ministering servants, Heb. 1:14. Though much was done against the Jews by the kings of Persia, God permitting it, much more mischief would have been done if God had not prevented it. He would now more fully show what were God's purposes, of which the prophecies form an outline; and we are concerned to study what is written in these Scriptures of truth, for they belong to our everlasting peace. While Satan and his angels, and evil counsellors, excite princes to mischief against the church, we may rejoice that Christ our Prince, and all his mighty angels, act against our enemies; but we ought not to expect many to favour us in this evil world. Yet the whole counsel of God shall be established; and let each one pray, Lord Jesus, be our righteousness now, and thou wilt be our everlasting confidence, through life, in death, at the day of judgment, and for evermore.

Cross References

Daniel 10

Remarkable detailed parallel of the glorified figure: linen clothing, golden girdle, eyes of fire, polished brass feet.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v13Revelation 12:7thematic

Illuminates spiritual warfare in the unseen world, featuring Michael the archangel contending with opposing spiritual powers.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v13Ezra 4:4-6thematic

Historical context of the Persian court's active opposition to the Jews rebuilding the temple.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v20Daniel 10:13thematic

Symmetric connection showing ongoing spiritual warfare involving the prince of Persia and the prince of Grecia.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v1Habakkuk 2:3thematic

Calvin highlights this parallel to show that though the promised vision tarries long, the faithful must wait.

Supported by John Calvin

v2Daniel 9:3thematic

Establishes Daniel's consistent pattern of intense prayer, mourning, and fasting to seek divine understanding.

Supported by JFB

v6Ezekiel 1:16allusion

Both describe a heavenly vision utilizing the unique azure-like 'beryl' or Tarshish stone.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v9Revelation 1:17thematic

John's identical physical reaction (falling as dead) upon seeing the glorified Christ, requiring a physical touch.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v1Daniel 1:21thematic

Clarifies Daniel's lifespan and tenure under Cyrus, reconciling his post-court life with earlier chapters.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v7Acts 9:7thematic

Verbal and thematic parallel to Saul's companions hearing a voice but seeing nothing, trembling in fear.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v13Daniel 12:1thematic

Reinforces Michael's designated identity as the great angelic prince standing watch over Daniel's people.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v13Jude 1:9thematic

New Testament identification of Michael as the archangel engaged in direct, high-level spiritual conflict.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v6Ezekiel 1:24allusion

Parallels the voice of the heavenly figure to the sound of a great multitude.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v6Ezekiel 10:9allusion

Ezekiel's vision of the wheels also shares the distinct appearance of 'beryl' or Tarshish stone.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v10Daniel 8:16thematic

JFB identifies the touching hand as Gabriel, the angel previously commissioned to make Daniel understand.

Supported by JFB

v11Hebrews 1:14thematic

New Testament definition of angels as ministering spirits sent out to serve those inheriting salvation.

Supported by Matthew Henry