Daniel10
New Living Translation
1In the third year of the reign of King Cyrus of Persia, Daniel (also known as Belteshazzar) had another vision. He understood that the vision concerned events certain to happen in the future—times of war and great hardship.
2When this vision came to me, I, Daniel, had been in mourning for three whole weeks.
3All that time I had eaten no rich food. No meat or wine crossed my lips, and I used no fragrant lotions until those three weeks had passed.
4On April 23, as I was standing on the bank of the great Tigris River,
5I looked up and saw a man dressed in linen clothing, with a belt of pure gold around his waist.
6His body looked like a precious gem. His face flashed like lightning, and his eyes flamed like torches. His arms and feet shone like polished bronze, and his voice roared like a vast multitude of people.
7Only I, Daniel, saw this vision. The men with me saw nothing, but they were suddenly terrified and ran away to hide.
8So I was left there all alone to see this amazing vision. My strength left me, my face grew deathly pale, and I felt very weak.
9Then I heard the man speak, and when I heard the sound of his voice, I fainted and lay there with my face to the ground.
10Just then a hand touched me and lifted me, still trembling, to my hands and knees.
11And the man said to me, “Daniel, you are very precious to God, so listen carefully to what I have to say to you. Stand up, for I have been sent to you.” When he said this to me, I stood up, still trembling.
12Then he said, “Don’t be afraid, Daniel. Since the first day you began to pray for understanding and to humble yourself before your God, your request has been heard in heaven. I have come in answer to your prayer.
13But for twenty-one days the spirit prince of the kingdom of Persia blocked my way. Then Michael, one of the archangels, came to help me, and I left him there with the spirit prince of the kingdom of Persia.
14Now I am here to explain what will happen to your people in the future, for this vision concerns a time yet to come.”
15While he was speaking to me, I looked down at the ground, unable to say a word.
16Then the one who looked like a man touched my lips, and I opened my mouth and began to speak. I said to the one standing in front of me, “I am filled with anguish because of the vision I have seen, my lord, and I am very weak.
17How can someone like me, your servant, talk to you, my lord? My strength is gone, and I can hardly breathe.”
18Then the one who looked like a man touched me again, and I felt my strength returning.
19“Don’t be afraid,” he said, “for you are very precious to God. Peace! Be encouraged! Be strong!” As he spoke these words to me, I suddenly felt stronger and said to him, “Please speak to me, my lord, for you have strengthened me.”
20He replied, “Do you know why I have come? Soon I must return to fight against the spirit prince of the kingdom of Persia, and after that the spirit prince of the kingdom of Greece will come.
21Meanwhile, I will tell you what is written in the Book of Truth. (No one helps me against these spirit princes except Michael, your spirit prince.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Daniel 10.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Daniel's vision near the river Hiddekel. (1-9). He is to expect a discovery of future events. (10-21).
vv1-9
This chapter relates the beginning of Daniel's last vision, which is continued to the end of the book. The time would be long before all would be accomplished; and much of it is not yet fulfilled. Christ appeared to Daniel in a glorious form, and it should engage us to think highly and honourably of him. Let us admire his condescension for us and our salvation. There remained no strength in Daniel. The greatest and best of men cannot bear the full discoveries of the Divine glory; for no man can see it, and live; but glorified saints see Christ as he is, and can bear the sight. How dreadful soever Christ may appear to those under convictions of sin, there is enough in his word to quiet their spirits.
vv10-21
Whenever we enter into communion with God, it becomes us to have a due sense of the infinite distance between us and the holy God. How shall we, that are dust and ashes, speak to the Lord of glory? Nothing is more likely, nothing more effectual to revive the drooping spirits of the saints, than to be assured of God's love to them. From the very first day we begin to look toward God in a way of duty, he is ready to meet us in the way of mercy. Thus ready is God to hear prayer. When the angel had told the prophet of the things to come, he was to return, and oppose the decrees of the Persian kings against the Jews. The angels are employed as God's ministering servants, Heb. 1:14. Though much was done against the Jews by the kings of Persia, God permitting it, much more mischief would have been done if God had not prevented it. He would now more fully show what were God's purposes, of which the prophecies form an outline; and we are concerned to study what is written in these Scriptures of truth, for they belong to our everlasting peace. While Satan and his angels, and evil counsellors, excite princes to mischief against the church, we may rejoice that Christ our Prince, and all his mighty angels, act against our enemies; but we ought not to expect many to favour us in this evil world. Yet the whole counsel of God shall be established; and let each one pray, Lord Jesus, be our righteousness now, and thou wilt be our everlasting confidence, through life, in death, at the day of judgment, and for evermore.
Key Words
שָׁלוֹשׁ: three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice
שָׁנֶה: a year (as a revolution of time)
כּוֹרֶשׁ: Koresh (or Cyrus), the Persian king
מֶלֶךְ: a king
פָּרַס: Paras (i.e. Persia), an Eastern country, including its inhabitants
דָּבָר: a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
גָּלָה: to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense); by implication, to exile (captives being usually stripped); figuratively, to reveal
דָנִיֵּאל: Daniel or Danijel, the name of two Israelites
אֲשֶׁר: who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.
בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּר: Belteshatstsar, the Babylonian name of Daniel
Cross References
Daniel 10Remarkable detailed parallel of the glorified figure: linen clothing, golden girdle, eyes of fire, polished brass feet.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Illuminates spiritual warfare in the unseen world, featuring Michael the archangel contending with opposing spiritual powers.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Historical context of the Persian court's active opposition to the Jews rebuilding the temple.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Symmetric connection showing ongoing spiritual warfare involving the prince of Persia and the prince of Grecia.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Calvin highlights this parallel to show that though the promised vision tarries long, the faithful must wait.
Supported by John Calvin
Establishes Daniel's consistent pattern of intense prayer, mourning, and fasting to seek divine understanding.
Supported by JFB
Both describe a heavenly vision utilizing the unique azure-like 'beryl' or Tarshish stone.
Supported by Matthew Poole
John's identical physical reaction (falling as dead) upon seeing the glorified Christ, requiring a physical touch.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Clarifies Daniel's lifespan and tenure under Cyrus, reconciling his post-court life with earlier chapters.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Verbal and thematic parallel to Saul's companions hearing a voice but seeing nothing, trembling in fear.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Reinforces Michael's designated identity as the great angelic prince standing watch over Daniel's people.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
New Testament identification of Michael as the archangel engaged in direct, high-level spiritual conflict.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallels the voice of the heavenly figure to the sound of a great multitude.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Ezekiel's vision of the wheels also shares the distinct appearance of 'beryl' or Tarshish stone.
Supported by Matthew Poole
JFB identifies the touching hand as Gabriel, the angel previously commissioned to make Daniel understand.
Supported by JFB
New Testament definition of angels as ministering spirits sent out to serve those inheriting salvation.
Supported by Matthew Henry