Job1
New King James Version
1There was a man in the land of Uz, whose name was Job; and that man was blameless and upright, and one who feared God and shunned evil.
2And seven sons and three daughters were born to him.
3Also, his possessions were seven thousand sheep, three thousand camels, five hundred yoke of oxen, five hundred female donkeys, and a very large household, so that this man was the greatest of all the people of the East.
4And his sons would go and feast in their houses, each on his appointed day, and would send and invite their three sisters to eat and drink with them.
5So it was, when the days of feasting had run their course, that Job would send and sanctify them, and he would rise early in the morning and offer burnt offerings according to the number of them all. For Job said, “It may be that my sons have sinned and cursed God in their hearts.” Thus Job did regularly.
6Now there was a day when the sons of God came to present themselves before the Lord, and Satan also came among them.
7And the Lord said to Satan, “From where do you come?” So Satan answered the Lord and said, “From going to and fro on the earth, and from walking back and forth on it.”
8Then the Lord said to Satan, “Have you considered My servant Job, that there is none like him on the earth, a blameless and upright man, one who fears God and shuns evil?”
9So Satan answered the Lord and said, “Does Job fear God for nothing?
10Have You not made a hedge around him, around his household, and around all that he has on every side? You have blessed the work of his hands, and his possessions have increased in the land.
11But now, stretch out Your hand and touch all that he has, and he will surely curse You to Your face!”
12And the Lord said to Satan, “Behold, all that he has is in your power; only do not lay a hand on his person.” So Satan went out from the presence of the Lord.
13Now there was a day when his sons and daughters were eating and drinking wine in their oldest brother’s house;
14and a messenger came to Job and said, “The oxen were plowing and the donkeys feeding beside them,
15when the Sabeans raided them and took them away—indeed they have killed the servants with the edge of the sword; and I alone have escaped to tell you!”
16While he was still speaking, another also came and said, “The fire of God fell from heaven and burned up the sheep and the servants, and consumed them; and I alone have escaped to tell you!”
17While he was still speaking, another also came and said, “The Chaldeans formed three bands, raided the camels and took them away, yes, and killed the servants with the edge of the sword; and I alone have escaped to tell you!”
18While he was still speaking, another also came and said, “Your sons and daughters were eating and drinking wine in their oldest brother’s house,
19and suddenly a great wind came from across the wilderness and struck the four corners of the house, and it fell on the young people, and they are dead; and I alone have escaped to tell you!”
20Then Job arose, tore his robe, and shaved his head; and he fell to the ground and worshiped.
21And he said: “Naked I came from my mother’s womb, And naked shall I return there. The Lord gave, and the Lord has taken away; Blessed be the name of the Lord.”
22In all this Job did not sin nor charge God with wrong.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Job 1.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The piety and prosperity of Job. (1–5). Satan obtains leave to try Job. (6–12). The loss of Job's property, and the death of his children. (13–19). Job's patience and piety. (20–22).
vv1-5
Job was prosperous, and yet pious. Though it is hard and rare, it is not impossible for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of heaven. By God's grace the temptations of worldly wealth may be overcome. The account of Job's piety and prosperity comes before the history of his great afflictions, showing that neither will secure from troubles. While Job beheld the harmony and comforts of his sons with satisfaction, his knowledge of the human heart made him fearful for them. He sent and sanctified them, reminding them to examine themselves, to confess their sins, to seek forgiveness; and as one who hoped for acceptance with God through the promised Saviour, he offered a burnt-offering for each. We perceive his care for their souls, his knowledge of the sinful state of man, his entire dependence on God's mercy in the way he had appointed.
vv6-12
Job's afflictions began from the malice of Satan, by the Lord's permission, for wise and holy purposes. There is an evil spirit, the enemy of God, and of all righteousness, who is continually seeking to distress, to lead astray, and, if possible, to destroy those who love God. How far his influence may extend, we cannot say; but probably much unsteadiness and unhappiness in Christians may be ascribed to him. While we are on this earth we are within his reach. Hence it concerns us to be sober and vigilant, 1Pe 5:8. See how Satan censures Job. This is the common way of slanderers, to suggest that which they have no reason to think is true. But as there is nothing we should dread more than really being hypocrites, so there is nothing we need dread less than being called and counted so without cause. It is not wrong to look at the eternal recompence in our obedience; but it is wrong to aim at worldly advantages in our religion. God's people are taken under his special protection; they, and all that belong to them. The blessing of the Lord makes rich; Satan himself owns it. God suffered Job to be tried, as he suffered Peter to be sifted. It is our comfort that God has the devil in a chain, Re 20:1. He has no power to lead men to sin, but what they give him themselves; nor any power to afflict men, but what is given him from above. All this is here described to us after the manner of men. The Scripture speaks thus to teach us that God directs the affairs of the world.
vv13-19
Satan brought Job's troubles upon him on the day that his children began their course of feasting. The troubles all came upon Job at once; while one messenger of evil tidings was speaking, another followed. His dearest and most valuable possessions were his ten children; news is brought him that they are killed. They were taken away when he had most need of them to comfort him under other losses. In God only have we a help present at all times. (Job 1:20-22)
Key Words
אִישׁ: a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
אֶרֶץ: the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
עוּץ: Uts, a son of Aram, also a Seirite, and the regions settled by them.
שֵׁם: an appellation, as amark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
אִיּוֹב: Ijob, the patriarch famous for his patience
תָּם: complete; usually (morally) pious; specifically, gentle, dear
יָשָׁר: straight (literally or figuratively)
יָרֵא: fearing; morally, reverent
אֱלֹהִים: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference to magistrates; and sometimes as a superlative
סוּר: to turn off (literal or figurative)
Cross References
Job 1Direct parallel where God repeats his assessment of Job's integrity to Satan.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Micaiah's vision of the heavenly host standing before God parallels the sons of God presenting themselves.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Satan walking about the earth looking for prey directly echoes Peter's warning of the roaring lion.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Paul echoes Job's confession that we brought nothing into this world and carry nothing out.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Identifies the land of Uz in connection with the territory of Edom.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Noah is described as perfect and upright, establishing the patriarchal definition of integrity.
Supported by JFB
Identifies the 'sons of God' as the angels present at creation.
Supported by JFB
Satan's demand to sift Peter parallels his petition to test Job's faith.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Mentions Uz as a descendant of Esau, illuminating the geography and genealogy of Uz.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Illustrates the practice of outward purification and sanctification prior to worship.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Satan acting in his primary role as the accuser of the brethren before God.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Job's wife uses the exact phrase Satan predicted: urging Job to curse God.
Supported by JFB
Defines the fear of the Lord as hating and eschewing evil.
Supported by JFB
Contrasts Job's initial wealth here with his doubled, restored wealth at the end.
Supported by JFB
Solomon's warning about the house of feasting vs. mourning, echoing Job's concern for his sons.
Supported by JFB