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Job1

New Living Translation

1There once was a man named Job who lived in the land of Uz. He was blameless—a man of complete integrity. He feared God and stayed away from evil.

2He had seven sons and three daughters.

3He owned 7,000 sheep, 3,000 camels, 500 teams of oxen, and 500 female donkeys. He also had many servants. He was, in fact, the richest person in that entire area.

4Job’s sons would take turns preparing feasts in their homes, and they would also invite their three sisters to celebrate with them.

5When these celebrations ended—sometimes after several days—Job would purify his children. He would get up early in the morning and offer a burnt offering for each of them. For Job said to himself, “Perhaps my children have sinned and have cursed God in their hearts.” This was Job’s regular practice.

6One day the members of the heavenly court came to present themselves before the Lord, and the Accuser, Satan, came with them.

7“Where have you come from?” the Lord asked Satan. Satan answered the Lord, “I have been patrolling the earth, watching everything that’s going on.”

8Then the Lord asked Satan, “Have you noticed my servant Job? He is the finest man in all the earth. He is blameless—a man of complete integrity. He fears God and stays away from evil.”

9Satan replied to the Lord, “Yes, but Job has good reason to fear God.

10You have always put a wall of protection around him and his home and his property. You have made him prosper in everything he does. Look how rich he is!

11But reach out and take away everything he has, and he will surely curse you to your face!”

12“All right, you may test him,” the Lord said to Satan. “Do whatever you want with everything he possesses, but don’t harm him physically.” So Satan left the Lord’s presence.

13One day when Job’s sons and daughters were feasting at the oldest brother’s house,

14a messenger arrived at Job’s home with this news: “Your oxen were plowing, with the donkeys feeding beside them,

15when the Sabeans raided us. They stole all the animals and killed all the farmhands. I am the only one who escaped to tell you.”

16While he was still speaking, another messenger arrived with this news: “The fire of God has fallen from heaven and burned up your sheep and all the shepherds. I am the only one who escaped to tell you.”

17While he was still speaking, a third messenger arrived with this news: “Three bands of Chaldean raiders have stolen your camels and killed your servants. I am the only one who escaped to tell you.”

18While he was still speaking, another messenger arrived with this news: “Your sons and daughters were feasting in their oldest brother’s home.

19Suddenly, a powerful wind swept in from the wilderness and hit the house on all sides. The house collapsed, and all your children are dead. I am the only one who escaped to tell you.”

20Job stood up and tore his robe in grief. Then he shaved his head and fell to the ground to worship.

21He said, “I came naked from my mother’s womb, and I will be naked when I leave. The Lord gave me what I had, and the Lord has taken it away. Praise the name of the Lord!”

22In all of this, Job did not sin by blaming God.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Job 1.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The piety and prosperity of Job. (1–5). Satan obtains leave to try Job. (6–12). The loss of Job's property, and the death of his children. (13–19). Job's patience and piety. (20–22).

vv1-5

Job was prosperous, and yet pious. Though it is hard and rare, it is not impossible for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of heaven. By God's grace the temptations of worldly wealth may be overcome. The account of Job's piety and prosperity comes before the history of his great afflictions, showing that neither will secure from troubles. While Job beheld the harmony and comforts of his sons with satisfaction, his knowledge of the human heart made him fearful for them. He sent and sanctified them, reminding them to examine themselves, to confess their sins, to seek forgiveness; and as one who hoped for acceptance with God through the promised Saviour, he offered a burnt-offering for each. We perceive his care for their souls, his knowledge of the sinful state of man, his entire dependence on God's mercy in the way he had appointed.

vv6-12

Job's afflictions began from the malice of Satan, by the Lord's permission, for wise and holy purposes. There is an evil spirit, the enemy of God, and of all righteousness, who is continually seeking to distress, to lead astray, and, if possible, to destroy those who love God. How far his influence may extend, we cannot say; but probably much unsteadiness and unhappiness in Christians may be ascribed to him. While we are on this earth we are within his reach. Hence it concerns us to be sober and vigilant, 1Pe 5:8. See how Satan censures Job. This is the common way of slanderers, to suggest that which they have no reason to think is true. But as there is nothing we should dread more than really being hypocrites, so there is nothing we need dread less than being called and counted so without cause. It is not wrong to look at the eternal recompence in our obedience; but it is wrong to aim at worldly advantages in our religion. God's people are taken under his special protection; they, and all that belong to them. The blessing of the Lord makes rich; Satan himself owns it. God suffered Job to be tried, as he suffered Peter to be sifted. It is our comfort that God has the devil in a chain, Re 20:1. He has no power to lead men to sin, but what they give him themselves; nor any power to afflict men, but what is given him from above. All this is here described to us after the manner of men. The Scripture speaks thus to teach us that God directs the affairs of the world.

vv13-19

Satan brought Job's troubles upon him on the day that his children began their course of feasting. The troubles all came upon Job at once; while one messenger of evil tidings was speaking, another followed. His dearest and most valuable possessions were his ten children; news is brought him that they are killed. They were taken away when he had most need of them to comfort him under other losses. In God only have we a help present at all times. (Job 1:20-22)

Cross References

Job 1
v8Job 2:3thematic

Direct parallel where God repeats his assessment of Job's integrity to Satan.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v61 Kings 22:19allusion

Micaiah's vision of the heavenly host standing before God parallels the sons of God presenting themselves.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v71 Peter 5:8thematic

Satan walking about the earth looking for prey directly echoes Peter's warning of the roaring lion.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v211 Timothy 6:7thematic

Paul echoes Job's confession that we brought nothing into this world and carry nothing out.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Identifies the land of Uz in connection with the territory of Edom.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v1Genesis 6:9thematic

Noah is described as perfect and upright, establishing the patriarchal definition of integrity.

Supported by JFB

v6Job 38:7thematic

Identifies the 'sons of God' as the angels present at creation.

Supported by JFB

v12Luke 22:31thematic

Satan's demand to sift Peter parallels his petition to test Job's faith.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v1Genesis 36:28thematic

Mentions Uz as a descendant of Esau, illuminating the geography and genealogy of Uz.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v5Exodus 19:10thematic

Illustrates the practice of outward purification and sanctification prior to worship.

Supported by Matthew Poole

Satan acting in his primary role as the accuser of the brethren before God.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v11Job 2:9thematic

Job's wife uses the exact phrase Satan predicted: urging Job to curse God.

Supported by JFB

v1Proverbs 8:13thematic

Defines the fear of the Lord as hating and eschewing evil.

Supported by JFB

v3Job 42:12contrast

Contrasts Job's initial wealth here with his doubled, restored wealth at the end.

Supported by JFB

Solomon's warning about the house of feasting vs. mourning, echoing Job's concern for his sons.

Supported by JFB