Job1
English Standard Version
1There was a in the of whose was , and that was and , one who and from .
2There were to him and .
3He , , of , and , and , so that this was the of the of the .
4His used to and a in the of on his , and they would and their to and with them.
5And the of the had run their , would and them, and he would early in the and according to the of them . , It may that my have , and in their . .
6Now there was a when the of to themselves before the Lord, and also .
7The Lord to , From have you ? the Lord and , From going to and on the , and from up and down on it.
8And the Lord to , Have you my , that there is him on the , a and , who and turns from ?
9Then the Lord and , Does for no ?
10Have you not put a him and his and that he has, on every ? You have the of his , and his have in the .
11 out your and that he has, and he you to your .
12And the Lord to , , that he has is in your . against him do your . So went from the of the Lord.
13Now there was a when his and were and in their ,
14and there a to and , The were and the them,
15and the them and them and the with the of the , and I have to you.
16While he was yet , there another and , The of from and the and the and them, and I alone have to you.
17While he was yet , there another and , The and made a on the and them and the with the of the , and I have to you.
18 he was yet , there another and , Your and were and in their ,
19and , a the and the of the , and it upon the , and they are , and I have to you.
20Then and his and his and on the and .
21And he , I from my , and shall I . The Lord , and the Lord has taken ; be the of the Lord.
22In this did or with .
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Job 1.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The piety and prosperity of Job. (1–5). Satan obtains leave to try Job. (6–12). The loss of Job's property, and the death of his children. (13–19). Job's patience and piety. (20–22).
vv1-5
Job was prosperous, and yet pious. Though it is hard and rare, it is not impossible for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of heaven. By God's grace the temptations of worldly wealth may be overcome. The account of Job's piety and prosperity comes before the history of his great afflictions, showing that neither will secure from troubles. While Job beheld the harmony and comforts of his sons with satisfaction, his knowledge of the human heart made him fearful for them. He sent and sanctified them, reminding them to examine themselves, to confess their sins, to seek forgiveness; and as one who hoped for acceptance with God through the promised Saviour, he offered a burnt-offering for each. We perceive his care for their souls, his knowledge of the sinful state of man, his entire dependence on God's mercy in the way he had appointed.
vv6-12
Job's afflictions began from the malice of Satan, by the Lord's permission, for wise and holy purposes. There is an evil spirit, the enemy of God, and of all righteousness, who is continually seeking to distress, to lead astray, and, if possible, to destroy those who love God. How far his influence may extend, we cannot say; but probably much unsteadiness and unhappiness in Christians may be ascribed to him. While we are on this earth we are within his reach. Hence it concerns us to be sober and vigilant, 1Pe 5:8. See how Satan censures Job. This is the common way of slanderers, to suggest that which they have no reason to think is true. But as there is nothing we should dread more than really being hypocrites, so there is nothing we need dread less than being called and counted so without cause. It is not wrong to look at the eternal recompence in our obedience; but it is wrong to aim at worldly advantages in our religion. God's people are taken under his special protection; they, and all that belong to them. The blessing of the Lord makes rich; Satan himself owns it. God suffered Job to be tried, as he suffered Peter to be sifted. It is our comfort that God has the devil in a chain, Re 20:1. He has no power to lead men to sin, but what they give him themselves; nor any power to afflict men, but what is given him from above. All this is here described to us after the manner of men. The Scripture speaks thus to teach us that God directs the affairs of the world.
vv13-19
Satan brought Job's troubles upon him on the day that his children began their course of feasting. The troubles all came upon Job at once; while one messenger of evil tidings was speaking, another followed. His dearest and most valuable possessions were his ten children; news is brought him that they are killed. They were taken away when he had most need of them to comfort him under other losses. In God only have we a help present at all times. (Job 1:20-22)
Key Words
אִישׁ: a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
אֶרֶץ: the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
עוּץ: Uts, a son of Aram, also a Seirite, and the regions settled by them.
שֵׁם: an appellation, as amark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
אִיּוֹב: Ijob, the patriarch famous for his patience
תָּם: complete; usually (morally) pious; specifically, gentle, dear
יָשָׁר: straight (literally or figuratively)
יָרֵא: fearing; morally, reverent
אֱלֹהִים: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference to magistrates; and sometimes as a superlative
סוּר: to turn off (literal or figurative)
Cross References
Job 1Direct parallel where God repeats his assessment of Job's integrity to Satan.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Micaiah's vision of the heavenly host standing before God parallels the sons of God presenting themselves.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Satan walking about the earth looking for prey directly echoes Peter's warning of the roaring lion.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Paul echoes Job's confession that we brought nothing into this world and carry nothing out.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Identifies the land of Uz in connection with the territory of Edom.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Noah is described as perfect and upright, establishing the patriarchal definition of integrity.
Supported by JFB
Identifies the 'sons of God' as the angels present at creation.
Supported by JFB
Satan's demand to sift Peter parallels his petition to test Job's faith.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Mentions Uz as a descendant of Esau, illuminating the geography and genealogy of Uz.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Illustrates the practice of outward purification and sanctification prior to worship.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Satan acting in his primary role as the accuser of the brethren before God.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Job's wife uses the exact phrase Satan predicted: urging Job to curse God.
Supported by JFB
Defines the fear of the Lord as hating and eschewing evil.
Supported by JFB
Contrasts Job's initial wealth here with his doubled, restored wealth at the end.
Supported by JFB
Solomon's warning about the house of feasting vs. mourning, echoing Job's concern for his sons.
Supported by JFB