Luke22
English Standard Version
1 the of , which is the .
2 the the were to to , they the .
3 , who the of the .
4 and with the he might to .
5 they were , to .
6 he an to to in the of a .
7 the of , the to be .
8 Jesus , , and the for , we may it.
9 to , will you us it?
10 to , , when have the , a a of will . the he
11 the of the , The to , the , I may the ?
12 he will a ; it .
13 they and it he had , they the .
14 the , he reclined at , the .
15 he , I have to .
16 I I will it is the of .
17 he a , and when he had he , , it .
18 I on I will the of the the of .
19 he , and when he had , he it it to , , , is . in .
20 the they had , , is is the .
21 , the of him who is the .
22 the of it has been , to he is !
23 to , it who going .
24A , as to of was to be the .
25 he to , The of the over , those in over are .
26 with . , let the the , the one who .
27 is the , one who reclines at one who ? Is it the one who reclines at ? the one who .
28 those who have ,
29and to , to , a ,
30 you may the of .
31 , , , demanded to , that he you ,
32 have may . have , .
33 to , , I to .
34 , I , , the will this , you that you .
35 he to , I out with , did you ? , .
36 to , let the one who a it, a . And let the one who one.
37 I be : he was the . what is its .
38 they , , , are . he to , It .
39 he and , was his , the of , the .
40 when he the , he to , that you may .
41 a , and ,
42 , , you are , . , , , be .
43 there to an , .
44 an he ; of the .
45 when he , he the and ,
46 he to , are you ? and you may .
47While was , there a , the man , of the , was . to to ,
48 to , , would you the of with a ?
49And those who were what would , they , , we the ?
50 the of the .
51 , of ! he his and .
52 the of the , who had , Have you a , ?
53When day the , you did . , the of .
54 they , the , was at a .
55 when had a the of the sat , .
56 , as he the at , , This .
57 he , , , I do .
58 a and , of . , , I .
59 after an of , , man , he a .
60 , , I do you are . , while was , the .
61 the and . the of the , he had to , the , you will .
62 he and .
63 the who were in were as they him.
64They and , ! is that ?
65 they other , him.
66 , the assembly of the of the , . they away , and they ,
67 the , . he to , I , you will ,
68 I you, you will .
69But on the of be the of the of .
70 they , the of , ? he , .
71 they , do we ? have it his .
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Luke 22.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The treachery of Judas. (1–6). The passover. (7–18). The Lord's supper instituted. (19, 20). Christ admonishes the disciples. (21–38). Christ's agony in the garden. (39–46). Christ betrayed. (47–53). The fall of Peter. (54–62). Christ confesses himself to be the Son of God. (63–71).
vv1-6
Christ knew all men, and had wise and holy ends in taking Judas to be a disciple. How he who knew Christ so well, came to betray him, we are here told; Satan entered into Judas. It is hard to say whether more mischief is done to Christ's kingdom, by the power of its open enemies, or by the treachery of its pretended friends; but without the latter, its enemies could not do so much evil as they do.
vv7-18
Christ kept the ordinances of the law, particularly that of the passover, to teach us to observe his gospel institutions, and most of all that of the Lord's supper. Those who go upon Christ's word, need not fear disappointment. According to the orders given them, the disciples got all ready for the passover. Jesus bids this passover welcome. He desired it, though he knew his sufferings would follow, because it was in order to his Father's glory and man's redemption. He takes his leave of all passovers, signifying thereby his doing away all the ordinances of the ceremonial law, of which the passover was one of the earliest and chief. That type was laid aside, because now in the kingdom of God the substance was come.
vv19-20
The Lord's supper is a sign or memorial of Christ already come, who by dying delivered us; his death is in special manner set before us in that ordinance, by which we are reminded of it. The breaking of Christ's body as a sacrifice for us, is therein brought to our remembrance by the breaking of bread. Nothing can be more nourishing and satisfying to the soul, than the doctrine of Christ's making atonement for sin, and the assurance of an interest in that atonement. Therefore we do this in rememberance of what He did for us, when he died for us; and for a memorial of what we do, in joining ourselves to him in an everlasting covenant. The shedding of Christ's blood, by which the atonement was made, is represented by the wine in the cup.
Key Words
δέ (dé): but, and, etc.
ἑορτή (heortḗ): a festival
ἄζυμος (ázymos): unleavened, i.e. (figuratively) uncorrupted; (in the neutral plural) specially (by implication) the Passover week
ἐγγίζω (engízō): to make near, i.e. (reflexively) approach
λέγω (légō): properly, to "lay" forth, i.e. (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas G2036 (ἔπω) and G5346 (φημί) generally refer to an individual expression or speech respectively; while G4483 (ῥέω) is properly to break silence merely, and G2980 (λαλέω) means an extended or random harangue)); by implication, to mean
πάσχα (páscha): the Passover (the meal, the day, the festival or the special sacrifices connected with it)
καί (kaí): and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
ἀρχιερεύς (archiereús): the high-priest (literally, of the Jews, typically, Christ); by extension a chief priest
γραμματεύς (grammateús): scribe, town-clerk
ζητέω (zētéō): to seek (literally or figuratively); specially, (by Hebraism) to worship (God), or (in a bad sense) to plot (against life)
Cross References
Luke 22Christ is identified as our true Passover lamb, fulfilling the old covenant type.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Directly quoted by Jesus: 'And he was reckoned among the transgressors,' establishing His substitutionary suffering.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
Describes Christ's loud cries and tears during His Gethsemane agony as he was heard in fear.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Direct reference back to Jesus' earlier specific warning to Peter in the same chapter.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
The tragic climax of Satan's influence on Judas occurs during the Passover meal.
Supported by JFB
Prophetic designation of the cheap price set upon Jesus by the Jewish leaders.
Supported by JFB
The institution of the Lord's Supper fulfills the promise of the New Covenant in Jeremiah.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
The blood of the Mosaic covenant types Christ's blood of the New Testament.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Old Testament prophetic background for the betrayer sharing bread at the table with Jesus.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallels teaching on Gentile rulers exercising lordship versus Christian leadership as service.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallels sitting on twelve thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel in the kingdom.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
Parallel imagery of "the cup" and Jesus' submission to the Father's will.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
Synoptic parallel of the Gethsemane prayer to remove the cup under the Father's will.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Direct theological match for the "power of darkness" (domain of darkness) mentioned by Jesus.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallel account of Peter remembering Jesus' words and weeping bitterly.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Fulfilled look of mercy connected to Christ's prayer that Peter's faith would not fail.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Prophetic fulfillment of the Messiah giving His face to shame and spitting.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Jesus' self-designation as 'Son of man' sitting at the right hand of power.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The ultimate destiny of the Messiah sitting at the right hand of power.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The preliminary stage of Satan's instigation in Judas's heart before full possession.
Supported by JFB
The foundation of the Passover feast which Jesus here observes and fulfills.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Further description of eating and drinking in the fulfilled kingdom of God.
Supported by John Calvin, JFB
Matthew's parallel promise of future fellowship in the Father's kingdom.
Supported by JFB
Matthew's parallel account of the institution of the Lord's Supper.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Paul's instruction on the Lord's Supper, reflecting its ongoing remembrance in the Church.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The historical demonstration of Christ's words: 'I am among you as he that serveth.'
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Verbal and conceptual echo of the sifting process to separate wheat from chaff.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Illustrates Satan's demand to obtain permission to test and afflict God's servants.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Fulfillment of Christ's charge to Peter to 'strengthen thy brethren' after his restoration.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Prophetic background for the betrayal price of thirty pieces of silver.
Supported by JFB
Identifies Peter as the swordsman and Malchus as the high priest's servant who was struck.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The direct fulfillment of Jesus' warning that Peter would deny Him three times before the cock crew.
Supported by JFB
Parallel high priest interrogation demanding if He is the Christ.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel confession of the Son of man's future glory and sitting in power.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The parallel account detailing the exact transaction of thirty pieces of silver.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Theological significance of believers participating in Christ's body and blood.
Supported by Matthew Henry