Luke 22ESV
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Luke22

English Standard Version

1 the of , which is the .

2 the the were to to , they the .

3 , who the of the .

4 and with the he might to .

5 they were , to .

6 he an to to in the of a .

7 the of , the to be .

8 Jesus , , and the for , we may it.

9 to , will you us it?

10 to , , when have the , a a of will . the he

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21 , the of him who is the .

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23 to , it who going .

24A , as to of was to be the .

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28 those who have ,

29and to , to , a ,

30 you may the of .

31 , , , demanded to , that he you ,

32 have may . have , .

33 to , , I to .

34 , I , , the will this , you that you .

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49And those who were what would , they , , we the ?

50 the of the .

51 , of ! he his and .

52 the of the , who had , Have you a , ?

53When day the , you did . , the of .

54 they , the , was at a .

55 when had a the of the sat , .

56 , as he the at , , This .

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58 a and , of . , , I .

59 after an of , , man , he a .

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61 the and . the of the , he had to , the , you will .

62 he and .

63 the who were in were as they him.

64They and , ! is that ?

65 they other , him.

66 , the assembly of the of the , . they away , and they ,

67 the , . he to , I , you will ,

68 I you, you will .

69But on the of be the of the of .

70 they , the of , ? he , .

71 they , do we ? have it his .

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Luke 22.

Full AI study →

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The treachery of Judas. (1–6). The passover. (7–18). The Lord's supper instituted. (19, 20). Christ admonishes the disciples. (21–38). Christ's agony in the garden. (39–46). Christ betrayed. (47–53). The fall of Peter. (54–62). Christ confesses himself to be the Son of God. (63–71).

vv1-6

Christ knew all men, and had wise and holy ends in taking Judas to be a disciple. How he who knew Christ so well, came to betray him, we are here told; Satan entered into Judas. It is hard to say whether more mischief is done to Christ's kingdom, by the power of its open enemies, or by the treachery of its pretended friends; but without the latter, its enemies could not do so much evil as they do.

vv7-18

Christ kept the ordinances of the law, particularly that of the passover, to teach us to observe his gospel institutions, and most of all that of the Lord's supper. Those who go upon Christ's word, need not fear disappointment. According to the orders given them, the disciples got all ready for the passover. Jesus bids this passover welcome. He desired it, though he knew his sufferings would follow, because it was in order to his Father's glory and man's redemption. He takes his leave of all passovers, signifying thereby his doing away all the ordinances of the ceremonial law, of which the passover was one of the earliest and chief. That type was laid aside, because now in the kingdom of God the substance was come.

vv19-20

The Lord's supper is a sign or memorial of Christ already come, who by dying delivered us; his death is in special manner set before us in that ordinance, by which we are reminded of it. The breaking of Christ's body as a sacrifice for us, is therein brought to our remembrance by the breaking of bread. Nothing can be more nourishing and satisfying to the soul, than the doctrine of Christ's making atonement for sin, and the assurance of an interest in that atonement. Therefore we do this in rememberance of what He did for us, when he died for us; and for a memorial of what we do, in joining ourselves to him in an everlasting covenant. The shedding of Christ's blood, by which the atonement was made, is represented by the wine in the cup.

Cross References

Luke 22

Christ is identified as our true Passover lamb, fulfilling the old covenant type.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v37Isaiah 53:12quotation

Directly quoted by Jesus: 'And he was reckoned among the transgressors,' establishing His substitutionary suffering.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v44Hebrews 5:7thematic

Describes Christ's loud cries and tears during His Gethsemane agony as he was heard in fear.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v61Luke 22:34allusion

Direct reference back to Jesus' earlier specific warning to Peter in the same chapter.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v3John 13:27thematic

The tragic climax of Satan's influence on Judas occurs during the Passover meal.

Supported by JFB

v5Zechariah 11:13fulfillment

Prophetic designation of the cheap price set upon Jesus by the Jewish leaders.

Supported by JFB

v20Jeremiah 31:31fulfillment

The institution of the Lord's Supper fulfills the promise of the New Covenant in Jeremiah.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v20Exodus 24:8typology

The blood of the Mosaic covenant types Christ's blood of the New Testament.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v21Psalms 41:9allusion

Old Testament prophetic background for the betrayer sharing bread at the table with Jesus.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v25Matthew 20:25-28thematic

Parallels teaching on Gentile rulers exercising lordship versus Christian leadership as service.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v30Matthew 19:28thematic

Parallels sitting on twelve thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel in the kingdom.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v42John 18:11thematic

Parallel imagery of "the cup" and Jesus' submission to the Father's will.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v42Matthew 26:39thematic

Synoptic parallel of the Gethsemane prayer to remove the cup under the Father's will.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v53Colossians 1:13thematic

Direct theological match for the "power of darkness" (domain of darkness) mentioned by Jesus.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v61Matthew 26:75thematic

Parallel account of Peter remembering Jesus' words and weeping bitterly.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v61Luke 22:32thematic

Fulfilled look of mercy connected to Christ's prayer that Peter's faith would not fail.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v63Isaiah 50:6fulfillment

Prophetic fulfillment of the Messiah giving His face to shame and spitting.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v69Daniel 7:13allusion

Jesus' self-designation as 'Son of man' sitting at the right hand of power.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v69Psalms 110:1allusion

The ultimate destiny of the Messiah sitting at the right hand of power.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v3John 13:2thematic

The preliminary stage of Satan's instigation in Judas's heart before full possession.

Supported by JFB

v7Exodus 12:6-23typology

The foundation of the Passover feast which Jesus here observes and fulfills.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v16Luke 22:30thematic

Further description of eating and drinking in the fulfilled kingdom of God.

Supported by John Calvin, JFB

v18Matthew 26:29thematic

Matthew's parallel promise of future fellowship in the Father's kingdom.

Supported by JFB

v19Matthew 26:26-28thematic

Matthew's parallel account of the institution of the Lord's Supper.

Supported by Matthew Poole

Paul's instruction on the Lord's Supper, reflecting its ongoing remembrance in the Church.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v27John 13:5-16thematic

The historical demonstration of Christ's words: 'I am among you as he that serveth.'

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v31Amos 9:9allusion

Verbal and conceptual echo of the sifting process to separate wheat from chaff.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v31Job 1:8-11thematic

Illustrates Satan's demand to obtain permission to test and afflict God's servants.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v32John 21:15-17fulfillment

Fulfillment of Christ's charge to Peter to 'strengthen thy brethren' after his restoration.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v47Zechariah 11:13fulfillment

Prophetic background for the betrayal price of thirty pieces of silver.

Supported by JFB

v50John 18:10thematic

Identifies Peter as the swordsman and Malchus as the high priest's servant who was struck.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v60Luke 22:34fulfillment

The direct fulfillment of Jesus' warning that Peter would deny Him three times before the cock crew.

Supported by JFB

v66Matthew 26:63thematic

Parallel high priest interrogation demanding if He is the Christ.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v69Mark 14:62thematic

Parallel confession of the Son of man's future glory and sitting in power.

Supported by Matthew Poole

The parallel account detailing the exact transaction of thirty pieces of silver.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Theological significance of believers participating in Christ's body and blood.

Supported by Matthew Henry