Mark 12NKJV
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Mark12

New King James Version

1Then He began to speak to them in parables: “A man planted a vineyard and set a hedge around it, dug a place for the wine vat and built a tower. And he leased it to vinedressers and went into a far country.

2Now at vintage-time he sent a servant to the vinedressers, that he might receive some of the fruit of the vineyard from the vinedressers.

3And they took him and beat him and sent him away empty-handed.

4Again he sent them another servant, and at him they threw stones, wounded him in the head, and sent him away shamefully treated.

5And again he sent another, and him they killed; and many others, beating some and killing some.

6Therefore still having one son, his beloved, he also sent him to them last, saying, ‘They will respect my son.’

7But those vinedressers said among themselves, ‘This is the heir. Come, let us kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.’

8So they took him and killed him and cast him out of the vineyard.

9“Therefore what will the owner of the vineyard do? He will come and destroy the vinedressers, and give the vineyard to others.

10Have you not even read this Scripture: ‘The stone which the builders rejected Has become the chief cornerstone.

11This was the Lord’s doing, And it is marvelous in our eyes’?”

12And they sought to lay hands on Him, but feared the multitude, for they knew He had spoken the parable against them. So they left Him and went away.

13Then they sent to Him some of the Pharisees and the Herodians, to catch Him in His words.

14When they had come, they said to Him, “Teacher, we know that You are true, and care about no one; for You do not regard the person of men, but teach the way of God in truth. Is it lawful to pay taxes to Caesar, or not?

15Shall we pay, or shall we not pay?” But He, knowing their hypocrisy, said to them, “Why do you test Me? Bring Me a denarius that I may see it.”

16So they brought it. And He said to them, “Whose image and inscription is this?” They said to Him, “Caesar’s.”

17And Jesus answered and said to them, “Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.” And they marveled at Him.

18Then some Sadducees, who say there is no resurrection, came to Him; and they asked Him, saying:

19“Teacher, Moses wrote to us that if a man’s brother dies, and leaves his wife behind, and leaves no children, his brother should take his wife and raise up offspring for his brother.

20Now there were seven brothers. The first took a wife; and dying, he left no offspring.

21And the second took her, and he died; nor did he leave any offspring. And the third likewise.

22So the seven had her and left no offspring. Last of all the woman died also.

23Therefore, in the resurrection, when they rise, whose wife will she be? For all seven had her as wife.”

24Jesus answered and said to them, “Are you not therefore mistaken, because you do not know the Scriptures nor the power of God?

25For when they rise from the dead, they neither marry nor are given in marriage, but are like angels in heaven.

26But concerning the dead, that they rise, have you not read in the book of Moses, in the burning bush passage, how God spoke to him, saying, ‘I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob’?

27He is not the God of the dead, but the God of the living. You are therefore greatly mistaken.”

28Then one of the scribes came, and having heard them reasoning together, perceiving that He had answered them well, asked Him, “Which is the first commandment of all?”

29Jesus answered him, “The first of all the commandments is: ‘Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord is one.

30And you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your mind, and with all your strength.’ This is the first commandment.

31And the second, like it, is this: ‘You shall love your neighbor as yourself.’ There is no other commandment greater than these.”

32So the scribe said to Him, “Well said, Teacher. You have spoken the truth, for there is one God, and there is no other but He.

33And to love Him with all the heart, with all the understanding, with all the soul, and with all the strength, and to love one’s neighbor as oneself, is more than all the whole burnt offerings and sacrifices.”

34Now when Jesus saw that he answered wisely, He said to him, “You are not far from the kingdom of God.” But after that no one dared question Him.

35Then Jesus answered and said, while He taught in the temple, “How is it that the scribes say that the Christ is the Son of David?

36For David himself said by the Holy Spirit: ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at My right hand, Till I make Your enemies Your footstool.” ’

37Therefore David himself calls Him ‘Lord’; how is He then his Son?” And the common people heard Him gladly.

38Then He said to them in His teaching, “Beware of the scribes, who desire to go around in long robes, love greetings in the marketplaces,

39the best seats in the synagogues, and the best places at feasts,

40who devour widows’ houses, and for a pretense make long prayers. These will receive greater condemnation.”

41Now Jesus sat opposite the treasury and saw how the people put money into the treasury. And many who were rich put in much.

42Then one poor widow came and threw in two mites, which make a quadrans.

43So He called His disciples to Himself and said to them, “Assuredly, I say to you that this poor widow has put in more than all those who have given to the treasury;

44for they all put in out of their abundance, but she out of her poverty put in all that she had, her whole livelihood.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Mark 12.

Full AI study →

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The parable of the vineyard and husbandmen. (1–12). Question about tribute. (13–17). Concerning the resurrection. (18–27). The great command of the law. (28–34). Christ the Son and yet the Lord of David. (35–40). The poor widow commended. (41–44).

vv1-12

Christ showed in parables, that he would lay aside the Jewish church. It is sad to think what base usage God's faithful ministers have met with in all ages, from those who have enjoyed the privileges of the church, but have not brought forth fruit answerable. God at length sent his Son, his Well-beloved; and it might be expected that he whom their Master loved, they also should respect and love; but instead of honouring him because he was the Son and Heir, they therefore hated him. But the exaltation of Christ was the Lord's doing; and it is his doing to exalt him in our hearts, and to set up his throne there; and if this be done, it cannot but be marvellous in our eyes. The Scriptures, and faithful preachers, and the coming of Christ in the flesh, call on us to render due praise to God in our lives. Let sinners beware of a proud, carnal spirit; if they revile or despise the preachers of Christ, they would have done so their Master, had they lived when he was upon earth.

vv13-17

The enemies of Christ would be thought desirous to know their duty, when really they hoped that which soever side he took of the question, they might find occasion to accuse him. Nothing is more likely to insnare the followers of Christ, than bringing them to meddle with disputes about worldly politics. Jesus avoided the snare, by referring to the submission they had already made as a nation; and all that heard him, marvelled at the great wisdom of his answer. Many will praise the words of a sermon, who will not be commanded by the doctrines of it.

vv18-27

A right knowledge of the Scripture, as the fountain whence all revealed religion now flows, and the foundation on which it is built, is the best preservative against error. Christ put aside the objection of the Sadducees, who were the scoffing infidels of that day, by setting the doctrine of the future state in a true light. The relation between husband and wife, though appointed in the earthly paradise, will not be known in the heavenly one. It is no wonder if we confuse ourselves with foolish errors, when we form our ideas of the world of spirits by the affairs of this world of sense. It is absurd to think that the living God should be the portion and happiness of a man if he is for ever dead; and therefore it is certain that Abraham's soul exists and acts, though now for a time separate from the body. Those that deny the resurrection greatly err, and ought to be told so. Let us seek to pass through this dying world, with a joyful hope of eternal happiness, and of a glorious resurrection.

Cross References

Mark 12
v10Psalms 118:22quotation

The prophetic stone quotation used by Jesus to show the rejected builders' destiny.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v26Exodus 3:6quotation

Directly quoted from the bush account by Jesus to prove the resurrection of the dead.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v29Deuteronomy 6:4quotation

The Shema, quoted directly by Jesus as the first and greatest commandment.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v30Deuteronomy 6:5quotation

Directly quoted as the primary duty of loving God with all one's heart.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v31Leviticus 19:18quotation

Directly quoted as the second great commandment to love one's neighbor as oneself.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v36Psalms 110:1quotation

Directly quoted by Jesus to demonstrate that the Messiah is both David's Lord and his Son.

Supported by Matthew Poole, Matthew Henry, JFB

v1Isaiah 5:1-4allusion

The Old Testament foundation for the vineyard imagery, including the hedge, winepress, and tower.

Supported by Matthew Poole

The Mosaic law of levirate marriage cited by the Sadducees to trap Jesus.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v1Psalms 80:8-16thematic

God bringing a vine out of Egypt, illustrating Israel as God's specially planted vineyard.

Supported by Matthew Poole

Historical summary of God sending messengers and Israel repeatedly mocking, despising, and abusing them.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v13Luke 20:20-26thematic

Parallel account detailing how spies feigned righteousness to entrap Jesus over tribute to Caesar.

Supported by JFB

v25Luke 20:35-36thematic

Luke's parallel clarifying that the children of the resurrection are equal to the angels.

Supported by JFB

v331 Samuel 15:22thematic

Parallels the scribe's realization that love is far superior to burnt offerings and sacrifices.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v42Luke 21:2-4thematic

Luke's parallel account of the poor widow offering her two mites at the treasury.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v17Romans 13:7thematic

Apostolic instruction mirroring Jesus' command to render dues, customs, and taxes to authorities.