Ruth2
New King James Version
1There was a relative of Naomi’s husband, a man of great wealth, of the family of Elimelech. His name was Boaz.
2So Ruth the Moabitess said to Naomi, “Please let me go to the field, and glean heads of grain after him in whose sight I may find favor.” And she said to her, “Go, my daughter.”
3Then she left, and went and gleaned in the field after the reapers. And she happened to come to the part of the field belonging to Boaz, who was of the family of Elimelech.
4Now behold, Boaz came from Bethlehem, and said to the reapers, “The Lord be with you!” And they answered him, “The Lord bless you!”
5Then Boaz said to his servant who was in charge of the reapers, “Whose young woman is this?”
6So the servant who was in charge of the reapers answered and said, “It is the young Moabite woman who came back with Naomi from the country of Moab.
7And she said, ‘Please let me glean and gather after the reapers among the sheaves.’ So she came and has continued from morning until now, though she rested a little in the house.”
8Then Boaz said to Ruth, “You will listen, my daughter, will you not? Do not go to glean in another field, nor go from here, but stay close by my young women.
9Let your eyes be on the field which they reap, and go after them. Have I not commanded the young men not to touch you? And when you are thirsty, go to the vessels and drink from what the young men have drawn.”
10So she fell on her face, bowed down to the ground, and said to him, “Why have I found favor in your eyes, that you should take notice of me, since I am a foreigner?”
11And Boaz answered and said to her, “It has been fully reported to me, all that you have done for your mother-in-law since the death of your husband, and how you have left your father and your mother and the land of your birth, and have come to a people whom you did not know before.
12The Lord repay your work, and a full reward be given you by the Lord God of Israel, under whose wings you have come for refuge.”
13Then she said, “Let me find favor in your sight, my lord; for you have comforted me, and have spoken kindly to your maidservant, though I am not like one of your maidservants.”
14Now Boaz said to her at mealtime, “Come here, and eat of the bread, and dip your piece of bread in the vinegar.” So she sat beside the reapers, and he passed parched grain to her; and she ate and was satisfied, and kept some back.
15And when she rose up to glean, Boaz commanded his young men, saying, “Let her glean even among the sheaves, and do not reproach her.
16Also let grain from the bundles fall purposely for her; leave it that she may glean, and do not rebuke her.”
17So she gleaned in the field until evening, and beat out what she had gleaned, and it was about an ephah of barley.
18Then she took it up and went into the city, and her mother-in-law saw what she had gleaned. So she brought out and gave to her what she had kept back after she had been satisfied.
19And her mother-in-law said to her, “Where have you gleaned today? And where did you work? Blessed be the one who took notice of you.” So she told her mother-in-law with whom she had worked, and said, “The man’s name with whom I worked today is Boaz.”
20Then Naomi said to her daughter-in-law, “Blessed be he of the Lord, who has not forsaken His kindness to the living and the dead!” And Naomi said to her, “This man is a relation of ours, one of our close relatives.”
21Ruth the Moabitess said, “He also said to me, ‘You shall stay close by my young men until they have finished all my harvest.’ ”
22And Naomi said to Ruth her daughter-in-law, “It is good, my daughter, that you go out with his young women, and that people do not meet you in any other field.”
23So she stayed close by the young women of Boaz, to glean until the end of barley harvest and wheat harvest; and she dwelt with her mother-in-law.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Ruth 2.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Ruth gleans in the field of Boaz. (1–3). The kindness of Boaz to Ruth. (4–16). Ruth returns to her mother-in-law. (17–23).
vv1-3
Observe Ruth's humility. When Providence had made her poor, she cheerfully stoops to her lot. High spirits will rather starve than stoop; not so Ruth. Nay, it is her own proposal. She speaks humbly in her expectation of leave to glean. We may not demand kindness as a debt, but ask, and take it as a favour, though in a small matter. Ruth also was an example of industry. She loved not to eat the bread of idleness. This is an example to young people. Diligence promises well, both for this world and the other. We must not be shy of any honest employment. No labour is a reproach. Sin is a thing below us, but we must not think any thing else so, to which Providence call us. She was an example of regard to her mother, and of trust in Providence. God wisely orders what seem to us small events; and those that appear altogether uncertain, still are directed to serve his own glory, and the good of his people.
vv4-16
The pious and kind language between Boaz and his reapers shows that there were godly persons in Israel. Such language as this is seldom heard in our field; too often, on the contrary, what is immoral and corrupt. A stranger would form a very different opinion of our land, from that which Ruth would form of Israel from the converse and conduct of Boaz and his reapers. But true religion will teach a man to behave aright in all states and conditions; it will form kind masters and faithful servants, and cause harmony in families. True religion will cause mutual love and kindness among persons of different ranks. It had these effects on Boaz and his men. When he came to them he prayed for them. They did not, as soon as he was out of hearing curse him, as some ill-natured servants that hate their master's eye, but they returned his courtesy. Things are likely to go on well where there is such good-will as this between masters and servants. They expressed their kindness to each other by praying one for another. Boaz inquired concerning the stranger he saw, and ordered her to be well treated. Masters must take care, not only that they do no hurt themselves, but that they suffer not their servants and those under them to do wrong. Ruth humbly owned herself unworthy of favours, seeing she was born and brought up a heathen. It well becomes us all to think humbly of ourselves, esteeming others better than ourselves. And let us, in the kindness of Boaz to Ruth, note the kindness of the Lord Jesus Christ to poor sinners.
vv17-23
It encourages industry, that in all labour, even that of gleaning, there is profit. Ruth was pleased with what she gained by her own industry, and was careful to secure it. Let us thus take care that we lose not those things which we have wrought, which we have gained for our souls' good, 2Jo 1:8. Parents should examine their children, as Naomi did, not to frighten or discourage them, so as to make them hate home, or tempt them to tell a lie; but to commend them if they have done well, and with mildness to reprove and caution them if they have done otherwise. It is a good question for us to ask ourselves every night, Where have I gleaned to-day? What improvement have I made in knowledge and grace? What have I done that will turn to a good account? When the Lord deals bountifully with us, let us not be found in any other field, nor seeking for happiness and satisfaction in the creature. We lose Divine favours, if we slight them. Ruth dutifully observed her mother's directions. And when the harvest was ended, she kept her aged mother company at home. Dinah went out to see the daughters of the land; her vanity ended in disgrace, Ge 34. Ruth kept at home, and helped to maintain her mother, and went out on no other errand than to get provision for her; her humility and industry ended in preferment.
Key Words
נׇעֳמִי: Noomi, an Israelitess
יָדַע: to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation, care, recognition; and causatively, instruction, designation, punishment, etc.)
אִישׁ: a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
גִּבּוֹר: powerful; by implication, warrior, tyrant
מִשְׁפָּחָה: a family, i.e. circle of relatives; figuratively, a class (of persons), a species (of animals) or sort (of things); by extension a tribe or people
אֱלִימֶלֶךְ: Elimelek, an Israelite
שֵׁם: an appellation, as amark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
בֹּעַז: Boaz, the ancestor of David; also the name of a pillar in front of the temple
רוּת: Ruth, a Moabitess
מוֹאָבִי: a Moabite or Moabitess, i.e. a descendant from Moab
Cross References
Ruth 2The Mosaic law establishing the poor and stranger's right to glean the corners of fields.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Explicit commandment protecting the stranger, fatherless, and widow's access to left-behind crops.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Reiteration of the harvest law forbidding complete reaping to leave gleanings for the poor.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Metaphor of taking refuge under the shadow of God's wings parallel to Boaz's blessing.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The psalmist's plea to be hidden under the shadow of God's wings.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Law of the kinsman redeemer (Goel) who has the right to redeem family property.
Supported by JFB
The levirate marriage law, outlining the duty of the next of kin to the widow.
Supported by JFB
Jesus' imagery of gathering children under wings, echoing the Lord God of Israel's wings.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Promise of finding trust and shelter under the feathers and wings of God.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Illustrates the wisdom of staying close to a proven friend (Boaz) and not forsaking his field.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Associating with wise, godly companions (Boaz's maidens) instead of wandering into dangerous fields.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Use of 'touch' to mean harming or violating someone, matching Boaz's command.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Idiomatic warning that he who 'touches' this person will surely be put to death.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The posture of bowing low to the ground as a civil or religious sign of respect.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Genealogical confirmation of Boaz's place in the messianic lineage of David and Jesus.
An omer is defined as the tenth part of an ephah, providing scale for Ruth's yield.
Supported by JFB
Thematic parallel of the virtuous woman who works willingly with her hands through the harvest.
Supported by Matthew Poole