2 Chronicles22
New Living Translation
1Then the people of Jerusalem made Ahaziah, Jehoram’s youngest son, their next king, since the marauding bands who came with the Arabs had killed all the older sons. So Ahaziah son of Jehoram reigned as king of Judah.
2Ahaziah was twenty-two years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem one year. His mother was Athaliah, a granddaughter of King Omri.
3Ahaziah also followed the evil example of King Ahab’s family, for his mother encouraged him in doing wrong.
4He did what was evil in the Lord’s sight, just as Ahab’s family had done. They even became his advisers after the death of his father, and they led him to ruin.
5Following their evil advice, Ahaziah joined Joram, the son of King Ahab of Israel, in his war against King Hazael of Aram at Ramoth-gilead. When the Arameans wounded Joram in the battle,
6he returned to Jezreel to recover from the wounds he had received at Ramoth. Because Joram was wounded, King Ahaziah of Judah went to Jezreel to visit him.
7But God had decided that this visit would be Ahaziah’s downfall. While he was there, Ahaziah went out with Joram to meet Jehu grandson of Nimshi, whom the Lord had appointed to destroy the dynasty of Ahab.
8While Jehu was executing judgment against the family of Ahab, he happened to meet some of Judah’s officials and Ahaziah’s relatives who were traveling with Ahaziah. So Jehu killed them all.
9Then Jehu’s men searched for Ahaziah, and they found him hiding in the city of Samaria. They brought him to Jehu, who killed him. Ahaziah was given a decent burial because the people said, “He was the grandson of Jehoshaphat—a man who sought the Lord with all his heart.” But none of the surviving members of Ahaziah’s family was capable of ruling the kingdom.
10When Athaliah, the mother of King Ahaziah of Judah, learned that her son was dead, she began to destroy the rest of Judah’s royal family.
11But Ahaziah’s sister Jehosheba, the daughter of King Jehoram, took Ahaziah’s infant son, Joash, and stole him away from among the rest of the king’s children, who were about to be killed. She put Joash and his nurse in a bedroom. In this way, Jehosheba, wife of Jehoiada the priest and sister of Ahaziah, hid the child so that Athaliah could not murder him.
12Joash remained hidden in the Temple of God for six years while Athaliah ruled over the land.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Chronicles 22.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The reign of Ahaziah, Athaliah destroys the royal family. (1-12).
vv1-12
The counsel of the ungodly ruins many young persons when they are setting out in the world. Ahaziah gave himself up to be led by evil men. Those who advise us to do wickedly, counsel us to our destruction; while they pretend to be friends, they are our worst enemies. See and dread the mischief of bad company. If not the infection, yet let the destruction be feared, Re 18:4. We have here, a wicked woman endeavouring to destroy the house of David, and a good woman preserving it. No word of God shall fall to the ground. The whole truth of the prophecies that the Messiah was to come from David, and thereby the salvation of the world, appeared to be now hung upon the brittle thread of the life of a single infant, to destroy whom was the interest of the reigning power. But God had purposed, and vain were the efforts of earth and hell.
Key Words
יָשַׁב: properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם: Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine
מָלַךְ: to reign; inceptively, to ascend the throne; causatively, to induct into royalty; hence (by implication) to take counsel
אֲחַזְיָה: Achazjah, the name of a Jewish and an Israelite king
קָטָן: abbreviated, i.e. diminutive, literally (in quantity, size or number) or figuratively (in age or importance)
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
תַּחַת: the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc.
כִּי: (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
גְּדוּד: a crowd (especially of soldiers)
בּוֹא: to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
Cross References
2 Chronicles 22Parallels Ahaziah's accession age, crucial for resolving the chronological difficulty of forty-two vs. twenty-two years.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel account of Jehosheba (Jehoshabeath) rescuing infant Joash from Athaliah's royal massacre.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Explains how Ahaziah (Jehoahaz) was the youngest son left after the Arabians slew his older brothers.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel account of Athaliah destroying the royal seed of Judah after learning of her son's death.
Supported by JFB
Parallel description of Ahaziah walking in the way of the wicked house of Ahab.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Provides the parallel historical narrative of Jehu pursuing and mortally wounding Ahaziah.
Supported by JFB
Highlights God's covenant loyalty to David's line, preventing Athaliah from completely extinguishing the royal seed.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallel account of Ahaziah partnering with Jehoram of Israel against Hazael of Syria.
Supported by JFB
Details Joram returning to Jezreel to heal, setting the stage for Ahaziah's fateful visit.
Supported by JFB
Parallel account of Jehu's encounter with the brethren of Ahaziah during his bloody purge.
Supported by JFB
Parallel detail of Joash being hidden in the house of the Lord during Athaliah's reign.
Supported by JFB
Identifies the Philistines and Arabians who invaded Judah and took the royal family captive.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Records Jehu's anointing by God to execute judgment and cut off Ahab's house.
Supported by JFB
Mentions Jehoshaphat, whose pious memory earned Ahaziah an honorable burial from Jehu.
Supported by JFB
Proverbs parallel warning that companioning with the wicked leads directly to destruction.
Supported by Matthew Henry