2 Samuel5
New Living Translation
1Then all the tribes of Israel went to David at Hebron and told him, “We are your own flesh and blood.
2In the past, when Saul was our king, you were the one who really led the forces of Israel. And the Lord told you, ‘You will be the shepherd of my people Israel. You will be Israel’s leader.’”
3So there at Hebron, King David made a covenant before the Lord with all the elders of Israel. And they anointed him king of Israel.
4David was thirty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years in all.
5He had reigned over Judah from Hebron for seven years and six months, and from Jerusalem he reigned over all Israel and Judah for thirty-three years.
6David then led his men to Jerusalem to fight against the Jebusites, the original inhabitants of the land who were living there. The Jebusites taunted David, saying, “You’ll never get in here! Even the blind and lame could keep you out!” For the Jebusites thought they were safe.
7But David captured the fortress of Zion, which is now called the City of David.
8On the day of the attack, David said to his troops, “I hate those ‘lame’ and ‘blind’ Jebusites. Whoever attacks them should strike by going into the city through the water tunnel.” That is the origin of the saying, “The blind and the lame may not enter the house.”
9So David made the fortress his home, and he called it the City of David. He extended the city, starting at the supporting terraces and working inward.
10And David became more and more powerful, because the Lord God of Heaven’s Armies was with him.
11Then King Hiram of Tyre sent messengers to David, along with cedar timber and carpenters and stonemasons, and they built David a palace.
12And David realized that the Lord had confirmed him as king over Israel and had blessed his kingdom for the sake of his people Israel.
13After moving from Hebron to Jerusalem, David married more concubines and wives, and they had more sons and daughters.
14These are the names of David’s sons who were born in Jerusalem: Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, Solomon,
15Ibhar, Elishua, Nepheg, Japhia,
16Elishama, Eliada, and Eliphelet.
17When the Philistines heard that David had been anointed king of Israel, they mobilized all their forces to capture him. But David was told they were coming, so he went into the stronghold.
18The Philistines arrived and spread out across the valley of Rephaim.
19So David asked the Lord, “Should I go out to fight the Philistines? Will you hand them over to me?” The Lord replied to David, “Yes, go ahead. I will certainly hand them over to you.”
20So David went to Baal-perazim and defeated the Philistines there. “The Lord did it!” David exclaimed. “He burst through my enemies like a raging flood!” So he named that place Baal-perazim (which means “the Lord who bursts through”).
21The Philistines had abandoned their idols there, so David and his men confiscated them.
22But after a while the Philistines returned and again spread out across the valley of Rephaim.
23And again David asked the Lord what to do. “Do not attack them straight on,” the Lord replied. “Instead, circle around behind and attack them near the poplar trees.
24When you hear a sound like marching feet in the tops of the poplar trees, be on the alert! That will be the signal that the Lord is moving ahead of you to strike down the Philistine army.”
25So David did what the Lord commanded, and he struck down the Philistines all the way from Gibeon to Gezer.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Samuel 5.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: David king over all Israel. (1–5). He takes the strong-hold of Zion. (6–10). David's kingdom established. (11–16). He defeats the Philistines. (17–25).
vv1-5
David was anointed king a third time. His advances were gradual, that his faith might be tried, and that he might gain experience. Thus his kingdom typified that of the Messiah, which was to come to its height by degrees. Thus Jesus became our Brother, took upon him our nature, dwelt in it that he might become our Prince and Saviour: thus the humbled sinner takes encouragement from the endearing relation, applies for his salvation, submits to his authority, and craves his protection.
vv6-10
The enemies of God's people are often very confident of their own strength, and most secure when their day to fall draws nigh. But the pride and insolence of the Jebusites animated David, and the Lord God of hosts was with him. Thus in the day of God's power, Satan's strong-hold, the human heart, is changed into a habitation of God through the Spirit, and into a throne on which the Son of David rules, and brings every thought into obedience to himself. May He thus come, and claim, and cleanse, each of our hearts; and, destroying every idol, may he reign there for ever!
vv11-16
David's house was not the worse, nor the less fit to be dedicated to God, for being built by the sons of the stranger. It is prophesied of the gospel church, The sons of strangers shall build up thy walls, and their kings shall minister unto thee, Isa 60:10. David's government was rooted and built up. David was established king; so is the Son of David, and all who, through him, are made to our God kings and priests. Never had the nation of Israel appeared so great as it began now to be. Many have the favour and love of God, yet do not perceive it, and so want the comfort of it; but to be exalted to that, and to perceive it, is happiness. David owned it was for his people's sake God had done great things for him; that he might be a blessing to them, and that they might be happy under him.
Key Words
כֹּל: properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
שֵׁבֶט: a scion, i.e. (literally) a stick (for punishing, writing, fighting, ruling, walking, etc.) or (figuratively) a clan
יִשְׂרָאֵל: Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
בּוֹא: to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
דָּוִד: David, the youngest son of Jesse
חֶבְרוֹן: Chebron, a place in Palestine, also the name of two Israelites
הִנֵּה: lo!
עֶצֶם: a bone (as strong); by extension, the body; figuratively, the substance, i.e. (as pron.) selfsame
בָּשָׂר: flesh (from its freshness); by extension, body, person; also (by euphemistically) the pudenda of aman
שִׁלְשׁוֹם: trebly, i.e. (in time) day before yesterday
Cross References
2 Samuel 5Parallel account of the tribes gathering to Hebron to make David king.
Supported by JFB
David fulfills the requirement of being a brother/Israelite chosen as king.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Celebrates God choosing David to feed/shepherd His people Israel.
Supported by Matthew Poole
David violates the law prohibiting the king from multiplying wives.
Supported by JFB
Parallel account of Hiram sending materials to build David's house.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel account of the Philistines attacking when they heard David was anointed.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel account of the battle of Baal-perazim, meaning "lord of breaches."
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel account confirming David commanded the abandoned images to be burned.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel of the divine signal in the tops of the trees.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Historical context of Jebusites dwelling in Jerusalem, whom Judah/Benjamin could not expel.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Prophetic parallel of the heathen raging against the Lord's anointed King.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallels making a covenant and league before the Lord at Hebron.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Isaiah refers to the Lord rising up as in Mount Perazim.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The law requiring Israel to burn the graven images of their enemies.
Supported by JFB
Traces the genealogy of Christ through David's son Nathan.
Supported by Matthew Henry