Leviticus 27NLT
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Leviticus27

New Living Translation

1The Lord said to Moses,

2“Give the following instructions to the people of Israel. If anyone makes a special vow to dedicate someone to the Lord by paying the value of that person,

3here is the scale of values to be used. A man between the ages of twenty and sixty is valued at fifty shekels of silver, as measured by the sanctuary shekel.

4A woman of that age is valued at thirty shekels of silver.

5A boy between the ages of five and twenty is valued at twenty shekels of silver; a girl of that age is valued at ten shekels of silver.

6A boy between the ages of one month and five years is valued at five shekels of silver; a girl of that age is valued at three shekels of silver.

7A man older than sixty is valued at fifteen shekels of silver; a woman of that age is valued at ten shekels of silver.

8If you desire to make such a vow but cannot afford to pay the required amount, take the person to the priest. He will determine the amount for you to pay based on what you can afford.

9“If your vow involves giving an animal that is acceptable as an offering to the Lord, any gift to the Lord will be considered holy.

10You may not exchange or substitute it for another animal—neither a good animal for a bad one nor a bad animal for a good one. But if you do exchange one animal for another, then both the original animal and its substitute will be considered holy.

11If your vow involves an unclean animal—one that is not acceptable as an offering to the Lord—then you must bring the animal to the priest.

12He will assess its value, and his assessment will be final, whether high or low.

13If you want to buy back the animal, you must pay the value set by the priest, plus 20 percent.

14“If someone dedicates a house to the Lord, the priest will come to assess its value. The priest’s assessment will be final, whether high or low.

15If the person who dedicated the house wants to buy it back, he must pay the value set by the priest, plus 20 percent. Then the house will again be his.

16“If someone dedicates to the Lord a piece of his family property, its value will be assessed according to the amount of seed required to plant it—fifty shekels of silver for a field planted with five bushels of barley seed.

17If the field is dedicated to the Lord in the Year of Jubilee, then the entire assessment will apply.

18But if the field is dedicated after the Year of Jubilee, the priest will assess the land’s value in proportion to the number of years left until the next Year of Jubilee. Its assessed value is reduced each year.

19If the person who dedicated the field wants to buy it back, he must pay the value set by the priest, plus 20 percent. Then the field will again be legally his.

20But if he does not want to buy it back, and it is sold to someone else, the field can no longer be bought back.

21When the field is released in the Year of Jubilee, it will be holy, a field specially set apart for the Lord. It will become the property of the priests.

22“If someone dedicates to the Lord a field he has purchased but which is not part of his family property,

23the priest will assess its value based on the number of years left until the next Year of Jubilee. On that day he must give the assessed value of the land as a sacred donation to the Lord.

24In the Year of Jubilee the field must be returned to the person from whom he purchased it, the one who inherited it as family property.

25(All the payments must be measured by the weight of the sanctuary shekel, which equals twenty gerahs.)

26“You may not dedicate a firstborn animal to the Lord, for the firstborn of your cattle, sheep, and goats already belong to him.

27However, you may buy back the firstborn of a ceremonially unclean animal by paying the priest’s assessment of its worth, plus 20 percent. If you do not buy it back, the priest will sell it at its assessed value.

28“However, anything specially set apart for the Lord—whether a person, an animal, or family property—must never be sold or bought back. Anything devoted in this way has been set apart as holy, and it belongs to the Lord.

29No person specially set apart for destruction may be bought back. Such a person must be put to death.

30“One-tenth of the produce of the land, whether grain from the fields or fruit from the trees, belongs to the Lord and must be set apart to him as holy.

31If you want to buy back the Lord’s tenth of the grain or fruit, you must pay its value, plus 20 percent.

32Count off every tenth animal from your herds and flocks and set them apart for the Lord as holy.

33You may not pick and choose between good and bad animals, and you may not substitute one for another. But if you do exchange one animal for another, then both the original animal and its substitute will be considered holy and cannot be bought back.”

34These are the commands that the Lord gave through Moses on Mount Sinai for the Israelites.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Leviticus 27.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The law concerning vows, Of persons and animals. (1–13). Vows concerning houses and land. (14–25). Devoted things not to be redeemed. (26–33). Conclusion. (34).

vv1-13

Zeal for the service of God disposed the Israelites, on some occasions, to dedicate themselves or their children to the service of the Lord, in his house for life. Some persons who thus dedicated themselves might be employed as assistants; in general they were to be redeemed for a value. It is good to be zealously affected and liberally disposed for the Lord's service; but the matter should be well weighed, and prudence should direct as to what we do; else rash vows and hesitation in doing them will dishonour God, and trouble our own minds.

vv14-25

Our houses, lands, cattle, and all our substance, must be used to the glory of God. It is acceptable to him that a portion be given to support his worship, and to promote his cause. But God would not approve such a degree of zeal as ruined a man's family.

vv26-33

Things or persons devoted, are distinguished from things or persons that were only sanctified. Devoted things were most holy to the Lord, and could neither be taken back nor applied to other purposes. Whatever productions they had the benefit, God must be honoured with the tenth of, if it could be applied. Thus they acknowledge God to be the Owner of their land, the Giver of its fruits, and themselves to be his tenants, and dependants upon him. Thus they gave him thanks for the plenty they enjoyed, and besought his favour in the continuance of it. We are taught to honour the Lord with our substance.

Cross References

Leviticus 27
v25Exodus 30:13thematic

Establishes the standard sanctuary shekel as twenty gerahs for all estimations.

Supported by John Calvin

Parallels the principle of giving according to one's ability and means.

Supported by Matthew Poole

Forbids working firstlings since they already belong to God as His property.

Supported by John Calvin

v21 Samuel 1:11thematic

Provides a historical example of a parent dedicating a child to God's service.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v17Leviticus 25:10thematic

Connects the valuation of dedicated fields directly to the Cycle of Jubilee.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v26Exodus 13:2thematic

Establishes that the firstborn cannot be consecrated by vow because they are already God's.

Supported by JFB

v32Ezekiel 20:37allusion

Echoes the custom of marking the tenth animal passing under the rod.

Supported by JFB

v4Matthew 27:9allusion

Alludes to the thirty pieces of silver value given to Christ.

Supported by JFB

Confirms the sanctuary redemption price for children from a month old.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v8Leviticus 12:8thematic

Illustrates similar adjustments in offerings made for those who are poor.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v21Leviticus 25:28thematic

Governs the return of land during the year of Jubilee.

Supported by JFB

v30Genesis 14:20thematic

Provides ancient historical precedent for giving a tenth of all to God.

Supported by JFB

Admonishes against rashness and delay in fulfilling vows to God.

Supported by JFB

v21Leviticus 27:28thematic

Explains how devoted things are 'most holy' and belong completely to priests.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v27Numbers 18:15thematic

Reinforces redemption laws for the firstborn of unclean beasts.

Supported by JFB