Exodus 30NLT
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Exodus30

New Living Translation

1“Then make another altar of acacia wood for burning incense.

2Make it 18 inches square and 36 inches high, with horns at the corners carved from the same piece of wood as the altar itself.

3Overlay the top, sides, and horns of the altar with pure gold, and run a gold molding around the entire altar.

4Make two gold rings, and attach them on opposite sides of the altar below the gold molding to hold the carrying poles.

5Make the poles of acacia wood and overlay them with gold.

6Place the incense altar just outside the inner curtain that shields the Ark of the Covenant, in front of the Ark’s cover—the place of atonement—that covers the tablets inscribed with the terms of the covenant. I will meet with you there.

7“Every morning when Aaron maintains the lamps, he must burn fragrant incense on the altar.

8And each evening when he lights the lamps, he must again burn incense in the Lord’s presence. This must be done from generation to generation.

9Do not offer any unholy incense on this altar, or any burnt offerings, grain offerings, or liquid offerings.

10“Once a year Aaron must purify the altar by smearing its horns with blood from the offering made to purify the people from their sin. This will be a regular, annual event from generation to generation, for this is the Lord’s most holy altar.”

11Then the Lord said to Moses,

12“Whenever you take a census of the people of Israel, each man who is counted must pay a ransom for himself to the Lord. Then no plague will strike the people as you count them.

13Each person who is counted must give a small piece of silver as a sacred offering to the Lord. (This payment is half a shekel, based on the sanctuary shekel, which equals twenty gerahs.)

14All who have reached their twentieth birthday must give this sacred offering to the Lord.

15When this offering is given to the Lord to purify your lives, making you right with him, the rich must not give more than the specified amount, and the poor must not give less.

16Receive this ransom money from the Israelites, and use it for the care of the Tabernacle. It will bring the Israelites to the Lord’s attention, and it will purify your lives.”

17Then the Lord said to Moses,

18“Make a bronze washbasin with a bronze stand. Place it between the Tabernacle and the altar, and fill it with water.

19Aaron and his sons will wash their hands and feet there.

20They must wash with water whenever they go into the Tabernacle to appear before the Lord and when they approach the altar to burn up their special gifts to the Lord—or they will die!

21They must always wash their hands and feet, or they will die. This is a permanent law for Aaron and his descendants, to be observed from generation to generation.”

22Then the Lord said to Moses,

23“Collect choice spices—12 1⁄2 pounds of pure myrrh, 6 1⁄4 pounds of fragrant cinnamon, 6 1⁄4 pounds of fragrant calamus,

24and 12 1⁄2 pounds of cassia—as measured by the weight of the sanctuary shekel. Also get one gallon of olive oil.

25Like a skilled incense maker, blend these ingredients to make a holy anointing oil.

26Use this sacred oil to anoint the Tabernacle, the Ark of the Covenant,

27the table and all its utensils, the lampstand and all its accessories, the incense altar,

28the altar of burnt offering and all its utensils, and the washbasin with its stand.

29Consecrate them to make them absolutely holy. After this, whatever touches them will also become holy.

30“Anoint Aaron and his sons also, consecrating them to serve me as priests.

31And say to the people of Israel, ‘This holy anointing oil is reserved for me from generation to generation.

32It must never be used to anoint anyone else, and you must never make any blend like it for yourselves. It is holy, and you must treat it as holy.

33Anyone who makes a blend like it or anoints someone other than a priest will be cut off from the community.’”

34Then the Lord said to Moses, “Gather fragrant spices—resin droplets, mollusk shell, and galbanum—and mix these fragrant spices with pure frankincense, weighed out in equal amounts.

35Using the usual techniques of the incense maker, blend the spices together and sprinkle them with salt to produce a pure and holy incense.

36Grind some of the mixture into a very fine powder and put it in front of the Ark of the Covenant, where I will meet with you in the Tabernacle. You must treat this incense as most holy.

37Never use this formula to make this incense for yourselves. It is reserved for the Lord, and you must treat it as holy.

38Anyone who makes incense like this for personal use will be cut off from the community.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Exodus 30.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The altar of incense. (1–10). The ransom of souls. (11–16). The brazen laver. (17–21). The holy anointing oil, The perfume. (22–38).

vv1-10

The altar of incense represented the Son of God in his human nature, and the incense burned thereon typified his pleading for his people. The continual intercession of Christ was represented by the daily burning of incense thereon, morning and evening. Once every year the blood of the atonement was to be applied to it, denoting that the intercession of Christ has all its virtue from his sufferings on earth, and that we need no other sacrifice or intercessor but Christ alone.

vv11-16

The tribute was half a shekel, about fifteen pence of our money. The rich were not to give more, nor the poor less; the souls of the rich and poor are alike precious, and God is no respecter of persons, Ac 10:34; Job 34:19. In other offerings men were to give according to their wordly ability; but this, which was the ransom of the soul, must be alike for all. The souls of all are of equal value, equally in danger, and all equally need a ransom. The money raised was to be used in the service of the tabernacle. Those who have the benefit, must not grudge the necessary charges of God's public worship. Money cannot make atonement for the soul, but it may be used for the honour of Him who has made the atonement, and for the maintenance of the gospel by which the atonement is applied.

vv17-21

A large vessel of brass, holding water, was to be set near the door of the tabernacle. Aaron and his sons must wash their hands and feet at this laver, every time they went in to minister. This was to teach them purity in all their services, and to dread the pollution of sin. They must not only wash and be made clean, when first made priests, but must wash and be kept clean, whenever they went to minister. It teaches us daily to attend upon God, daily to renew our repentance for sin, and our looking to the blood of Christ for remission; for in many things we daily offend.

Cross References

Exodus 30
v1Revelation 8:3typology

The golden altar and incense in heaven represent Christ's intercession and the prayers of saints.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v7Psalms 141:2typology

David explicitly identifies incense as a type/symbol of acceptable prayer ascending to God.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v34Psalms 141:2typology

David and the NT writers link sweet incense with the acceptable ascending prayers of the saints.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v7Luke 1:9thematic

Zacharias was chosen by lot to burn incense, showcasing later priestly rotation in this daily service.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v10Leviticus 16:18thematic

Detailed ritual for cleansing the golden altar of incense with the annual Day of Atonement blood.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v13Matthew 17:24fulfillment

The half-shekel temple tax paid by Jesus in the Gospel was this mandated atonement money.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v8Hebrews 7:25typology

Christ's eternal intercession for believers is the spiritual reality of the perpetual morning and evening incense.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

King Joash revives the collection of the collection/tax prescribed by Moses in the wilderness.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v12Exodus 38:25thematic

The silver collected from the numbered men is computed, demonstrating the actual fulfillment of this census.

Supported by JFB

v15Job 34:19thematic

God does not favor the rich over the poor; all souls require the same ransom price.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v25Psalms 133:2thematic

Poetically describes this precise holy anointing oil running down Aaron's head and beard.

v29Exodus 29:37thematic

Explains the principle of contact-sanctification: whatever touches the altar becomes holy.

v36Exodus 29:42thematic

Parallels the tabernacle as the specified location where God promises to meet with His people.

v1Exodus 37:25-28thematic

The historical account of Bezalel actually constructing the golden altar of incense according to these patterns.

v9Leviticus 10:1contrast

Nadab and Abihu were destroyed for offering 'strange fire' contrary to God's strict incense commands.

v122 Samuel 24:2-15thematic

David conducts a census without paying the required ransom, resulting in a devastating plague.

v18Exodus 38:8thematic

Records that the brass for the laver was made from the mirrors of the serving women.

v19Hebrews 10:22typology

The spiritual fulfillment of the laver's washing: our bodies washed with pure water to draw near.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v21Exodus 28:43thematic

Reinforces the strict warning of death for entering the sanctuary without the required purification.

v23Psalms 45:8thematic

Messianic portrait of the King's garments smelling of the same spices: myrrh, cassia, and aloes.

v29Matthew 23:17thematic

Jesus references this law, showing the temple and altar sanctify the gifts laid upon them.

v36Exodus 30:6thematic

Locates the placement of the sweet incense directly before the testimony and mercy seat.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v18Exodus 40:30-32thematic

The physical placement of the laver and how Moses and Aaron used it for washing.

v25Exodus 29:21thematic

Details the application of this holy anointing oil to Aaron, his sons, and their garments.

v25Hebrews 1:9typology

The oil of gladness typifies the Spirit's anointing of Christ above His companions.

v31Leviticus 21:10thematic

Highlights the high priest's unique status because the holy anointing oil was poured upon him.

v37Exodus 30:33thematic

Provides the strict penalty of being cut off for duplicating the sacred formula for common use.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v23Matthew 2:11thematic

The Magi present myrrh and frankincense, echoing the valuable spices reserved for the sanctuary.

v35Leviticus 2:13thematic

Reflects the requirement of salt ('tempered together') in making offerings holy to the Lord.