Exodus29
New Living Translation
1“This is the ceremony you must follow when you consecrate Aaron and his sons to serve me as priests: Take a young bull and two rams with no defects.
2Then, using choice wheat flour and no yeast, make loaves of bread, thin cakes mixed with olive oil, and wafers spread with oil.
3Place them all in a single basket, and present them at the entrance of the Tabernacle, along with the young bull and the two rams.
4“Present Aaron and his sons at the entrance of the Tabernacle, and wash them with water.
5Dress Aaron in his priestly garments—the tunic, the robe worn with the ephod, the ephod itself, and the chestpiece. Then wrap the decorative sash of the ephod around him.
6Place the turban on his head, and fasten the sacred medallion to the turban.
7Then anoint him by pouring the anointing oil over his head.
8Next present his sons, and dress them in their tunics.
9Wrap the sashes around the waists of Aaron and his sons, and put their special head coverings on them. Then the right to the priesthood will be theirs by law forever. In this way, you will ordain Aaron and his sons.
10“Bring the young bull to the entrance of the Tabernacle, where Aaron and his sons will lay their hands on its head.
11Then slaughter the bull in the Lord’s presence at the entrance of the Tabernacle.
12Put some of its blood on the horns of the altar with your finger, and pour out the rest at the base of the altar.
13Take all the fat around the internal organs, the long lobe of the liver, and the two kidneys and the fat around them, and burn it all on the altar.
14Then take the rest of the bull, including its hide, meat, and dung, and burn it outside the camp as a sin offering.
15“Next Aaron and his sons must lay their hands on the head of one of the rams.
16Then slaughter the ram, and splatter its blood against all sides of the altar.
17Cut the ram into pieces, and wash off the internal organs and the legs. Set them alongside the head and the other pieces of the body,
18then burn the entire animal on the altar. This is a burnt offering to the Lord; it is a pleasing aroma, a special gift presented to the Lord.
19“Now take the other ram, and have Aaron and his sons lay their hands on its head.
20Then slaughter it, and apply some of its blood to the right earlobes of Aaron and his sons. Also put it on the thumbs of their right hands and the big toes of their right feet. Splatter the rest of the blood against all sides of the altar.
21Then take some of the blood from the altar and some of the anointing oil, and sprinkle it on Aaron and his sons and on their garments. In this way, they and their garments will be set apart as holy.
22“Since this is the ram for the ordination of Aaron and his sons, take the fat of the ram, including the fat of the broad tail, the fat around the internal organs, the long lobe of the liver, and the two kidneys and the fat around them, along with the right thigh.
23Then take one round loaf of bread, one thin cake mixed with olive oil, and one wafer from the basket of bread without yeast that was placed in the Lord’s presence.
24Put all these in the hands of Aaron and his sons to be lifted up as a special offering to the Lord.
25Afterward take the various breads from their hands, and burn them on the altar along with the burnt offering. It is a pleasing aroma to the Lord, a special gift for him.
26Then take the breast of Aaron’s ordination ram, and lift it up in the Lord’s presence as a special offering to him. Then keep it as your own portion.
27“Set aside the portions of the ordination ram that belong to Aaron and his sons. This includes the breast and the thigh that were lifted up before the Lord as a special offering.
28In the future, whenever the people of Israel lift up a peace offering, a portion of it must be set aside for Aaron and his descendants. This is their permanent right, and it is a sacred offering from the Israelites to the Lord.
29“Aaron’s sacred garments must be preserved for his descendants who succeed him, and they will wear them when they are anointed and ordained.
30The descendant who succeeds him as high priest will wear these clothes for seven days as he ministers in the Tabernacle and the Holy Place.
31“Take the ram used in the ordination ceremony, and boil its meat in a sacred place.
32Then Aaron and his sons will eat this meat, along with the bread in the basket, at the Tabernacle entrance.
33They alone may eat the meat and bread used for their purification in the ordination ceremony. No one else may eat them, for these things are set apart and holy.
34If any of the ordination meat or bread remains until the morning, it must be burned. It may not be eaten, for it is holy.
35“This is how you will ordain Aaron and his sons to their offices, just as I have commanded you. The ordination ceremony will go on for seven days.
36Each day you must sacrifice a young bull as a sin offering to purify them, making them right with the Lord. Afterward, cleanse the altar by purifying it; make it holy by anointing it with oil.
37Purify the altar, and consecrate it every day for seven days. After that, the altar will be absolutely holy, and whatever touches it will become holy.
38“These are the sacrifices you are to offer regularly on the altar. Each day, offer two lambs that are a year old,
39one in the morning and the other in the evening.
40With one of them, offer two quarts of choice flour mixed with one quart of pure oil of pressed olives; also, offer one quart of wine as a liquid offering.
41Offer the other lamb in the evening, along with the same offerings of flour and wine as in the morning. It will be a pleasing aroma, a special gift presented to the Lord.
42“These burnt offerings are to be made each day from generation to generation. Offer them in the Lord’s presence at the Tabernacle entrance; there I will meet with you and speak with you.
43I will meet the people of Israel there, in the place made holy by my glorious presence.
44Yes, I will consecrate the Tabernacle and the altar, and I will consecrate Aaron and his sons to serve me as priests.
45Then I will live among the people of Israel and be their God,
46and they will know that I am the Lord their God. I am the one who brought them out of the land of Egypt so that I could live among them. I am the Lord their God.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Exodus 29.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The sacrifice and ceremony for the consecration of the priests. (1–37). The continual burnt-offerings, God's promise to dwell among Israel. (38–46).
vv1-37
Aaron and his sons were to be set apart for the priest's office, with ceremony and solemnity. Our Lord Jesus is the great High Priest of our profession, called of God to be so; anointed with the Spirit, whence he is called Messiah, the Christ; clothed with glory and beauty; sanctified by his own blood; made perfect, or consecrated through sufferings, Heb 2:10. All believers are spiritual priests, to offer spiritual sacrifices, 1Pe 2:5, washed in the blood of Christ, and so made to our God priests, Re 1:5, 6. They also are clothed with the beauty of holiness, and have received the anointing, 1Jo 2:27. The Spirit of God is called the finger of God, (Lu 11:20, compared with Mt 12:28,) and by him the merit of Christ is applied to our souls. This consecration signifies the admission of a sinner into the spiritual priesthood, to offer spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God through Jesus Christ.
vv38-46
A lamb was to be offered upon the altar every morning, and a lamb every evening. This typified the continual intercession which Christ ever lives to make for his church. Though he offered himself but once for all, that one offering thus becomes a continual offering. This also teaches us to offer to God the spiritual sacrifices of prayer and praise every day, morning and evening. Our daily devotions are the most needful of our daily works, and the most pleasant of our daily comforts. Prayer-time must be kept up as duly as meal-time. Those starve their own souls, who keep not up constant attendance on the throne of grace; constancy in religion brings in the comfort of it.
Key Words
אֲשֶׁר: who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.
עָשָׂה: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
קָדַשׁ: to be (causatively, make, pronounce or observe as) clean (ceremonially or morally)
כָּהַן: to officiate as a priest; figuratively, to put on regalia
לָקַח: to take (in the widest variety of applications)
אֶחָד: properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first
פַּר: a bullock (apparently as breaking forth in wild strength, or perhaps as dividing the hoof)
בָּקָר: beef cattle or an animal of the ox family of either gender (as used for plowing); collectively, a herd
שְׁנַיִם: two; also (as ordinal) twofold
אַיִל: properly, strength; hence, anything strong; specifically a chief (politically); also a ram (from his strength); a pilaster (as a strong support); an oak or other strong tree
Cross References
Exodus 29The burning of the sin offering bullock outside the camp prefigures Christ's suffering outside the gate.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
The historical fulfillment of sprinkling the anointing oil and blood on Aaron and his garments.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Explicit parallel of God's promise to meet and speak with Israel there.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The historical fulfillment and enactment of these very consecration rites by Moses.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Describes the oil poured on Aaron's head, running down his beard, signifying the Spirit's abundance.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The anointing of the priest typifies Christ being anointed with the Holy Spirit for ministry.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Contrast between earthly priests offering daily sacrifices and Christ's once-for-all perfect sacrifice.
Supported by JFB
Jesus references this law, confirming that the altar is what sanctifies the gift placed upon it.
Supported by JFB
The parallel liturgical law detailing the morning and evening continual burnt offerings.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The historical fulfillment where the tabernacle was sanctified by God's glory.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The ultimate eschatological fulfillment of God dwelling with His people.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Paul cites the promise of God dwelling in them to describe the church.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Washing with water signifies the absolute necessity of spiritual cleansing before serving God.
Supported by JFB
Laying hands on the sacrifice's head to confess sin and transfer guilt.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The burnt offering's sweet savor typifies Christ's offering of Himself as a sweet-smelling savor.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Identical ritual of applying blood to the right ear, thumb, and toe for cleansing.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Celebrates the precious anointing oil running down Aaron's head onto his priestly garments.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Moses takes the breast of the ram of consecration as his portion, just as commanded.
Supported by JFB
The general statute reserving the wave breast and heave shoulder of peace offerings for the priests.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Moses executes the command to boil the ram of consecration and eat it at the tabernacle door.
Supported by JFB
The spiritual application of the daily sacrifices, equating prayer with the evening incense and sacrifice.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Daniel refers to the 'evening oblation', showing the continuity of this practice.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The evening sacrifice as a type of the believer's daily prayers.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Confirms the continual burnt offering was ordained in Mount Sinai.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Pentateuchal parallel reiterating the promise to walk and dwell among Israel.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Contrasts the imperfect, sinful Levitical priests who needed sacrifices with our holy, undefiled High Priest.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Unleavened bread signifies sincerity and truth, typified by Christ's freedom from all malice.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identifies the holy crown placed upon the mitre as the engraved plate of gold.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Explains that according to the law, almost all things are purged and dedicated with blood.
Supported by Matthew Poole, Matthew Henry
The literal transfer of Aaron's holy garments to his son Eleazar at his death.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Confirms that holy food is reserved exclusively for Aaron and his sons to eat in a holy place.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Further instructions on the meeting place before the testimony.
Identifies the tabernacle as the place where God meets with Moses.
Believers are washed in Christ's blood to become a spiritual priesthood.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The foundational covenant formula: 'I will be to you a God'.
Believers are builded together for an habitation of God through the Spirit.