Leviticus 14NLT
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Leviticus14

New Living Translation

1And the Lord said to Moses,

2“The following instructions are for those seeking ceremonial purification from a skin disease. Those who have been healed must be brought to the priest,

3who will examine them at a place outside the camp. If the priest finds that someone has been healed of a serious skin disease,

4he will perform a purification ceremony, using two live birds that are ceremonially clean, a stick of cedar, some scarlet yarn, and a hyssop branch.

5The priest will order that one bird be slaughtered over a clay pot filled with fresh water.

6He will take the live bird, the cedar stick, the scarlet yarn, and the hyssop branch, and dip them into the blood of the bird that was slaughtered over the fresh water.

7The priest will then sprinkle the blood of the dead bird seven times on the person being purified of the skin disease. When the priest has purified the person, he will release the live bird in the open field to fly away.

8“The persons being purified must then wash their clothes, shave off all their hair, and bathe themselves in water. Then they will be ceremonially clean and may return to the camp. However, they must remain outside their tents for seven days.

9On the seventh day they must again shave all the hair from their heads, including the hair of the beard and eyebrows. They must also wash their clothes and bathe themselves in water. Then they will be ceremonially clean.

10“On the eighth day each person being purified must bring two male lambs and a one-year-old female lamb, all with no defects, along with a grain offering of six quarts of choice flour moistened with olive oil, and a cup of olive oil.

11Then the officiating priest will present that person for purification, along with the offerings, before the Lord at the entrance of the Tabernacle.

12The priest will take one of the male lambs and the olive oil and present them as a guilt offering, lifting them up as a special offering before the Lord.

13He will then slaughter the male lamb in the sacred area where sin offerings and burnt offerings are slaughtered. As with the sin offering, the guilt offering belongs to the priest. It is a most holy offering.

14The priest will then take some of the blood of the guilt offering and apply it to the lobe of the right ear, the thumb of the right hand, and the big toe of the right foot of the person being purified.

15“Then the priest will pour some of the olive oil into the palm of his own left hand.

16He will dip his right finger into the oil in his palm and sprinkle some of it with his finger seven times before the Lord.

17The priest will then apply some of the oil in his palm over the blood from the guilt offering that is on the lobe of the right ear, the thumb of the right hand, and the big toe of the right foot of the person being purified.

18The priest will apply the oil remaining in his hand to the head of the person being purified. Through this process, the priest will purify the person before the Lord.

19“Then the priest must present the sin offering to purify the person who was cured of the skin disease. After that, the priest will slaughter the burnt offering

20and offer it on the altar along with the grain offering. Through this process, the priest will purify the person who was healed, and the person will be ceremonially clean.

21“But anyone who is too poor and cannot afford these offerings may bring one male lamb for a guilt offering, to be lifted up as a special offering for purification. The person must also bring two quarts of choice flour moistened with olive oil for the grain offering and a cup of olive oil.

22The offering must also include two turtledoves or two young pigeons, whichever the person can afford. One of the pair must be used for the sin offering and the other for a burnt offering.

23On the eighth day of the purification ceremony, the person being purified must bring the offerings to the priest in the Lord’s presence at the entrance of the Tabernacle.

24The priest will take the lamb for the guilt offering, along with the olive oil, and lift them up as a special offering to the Lord.

25Then the priest will slaughter the lamb for the guilt offering. He will take some of its blood and apply it to the lobe of the right ear, the thumb of the right hand, and the big toe of the right foot of the person being purified.

26“The priest will also pour some of the olive oil into the palm of his own left hand.

27He will dip his right finger into the oil in his palm and sprinkle some of it seven times before the Lord.

28The priest will then apply some of the oil in his palm over the blood from the guilt offering that is on the lobe of the right ear, the thumb of the right hand, and the big toe of the right foot of the person being purified.

29The priest will apply the oil remaining in his hand to the head of the person being purified. Through this process, the priest will purify the person before the Lord.

30“Then the priest will offer the two turtledoves or the two young pigeons, whichever the person can afford.

31One of them is for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering, to be presented along with the grain offering. Through this process, the priest will purify the person before the Lord.

32These are the instructions for purification for those who have recovered from a serious skin disease but who cannot afford to bring the offerings normally required for the ceremony of purification.”

33Then the Lord said to Moses and Aaron,

34“When you arrive in Canaan, the land I am giving you as your own possession, I may contaminate some of the houses in your land with mildew.

35The owner of such a house must then go to the priest and say, ‘It appears that my house has some kind of mildew.’

36Before the priest goes in to inspect the house, he must have the house emptied so nothing inside will be pronounced ceremonially unclean.

37Then the priest will go in and examine the mildew on the walls. If he finds greenish or reddish streaks and the contamination appears to go deeper than the wall’s surface,

38the priest will step outside the door and put the house in quarantine for seven days.

39On the seventh day the priest must return for another inspection. If he finds that the mildew on the walls of the house has spread,

40the priest must order that the stones from those areas be removed. The contaminated material will then be taken outside the town to an area designated as ceremonially unclean.

41Next the inside walls of the entire house must be scraped thoroughly and the scrapings dumped in the unclean place outside the town.

42Other stones will be brought in to replace the ones that were removed, and the walls will be replastered.

43“But if the mildew reappears after all the stones have been replaced and the house has been scraped and replastered,

44the priest must return and inspect the house again. If he finds that the mildew has spread, the walls are clearly contaminated with a serious mildew, and the house is defiled.

45It must be torn down, and all its stones, timbers, and plaster must be carried out of town to the place designated as ceremonially unclean.

46Those who enter the house during the period of quarantine will be ceremonially unclean until evening,

47and all who sleep or eat in the house must wash their clothing.

48“But if the priest returns for his inspection and finds that the mildew has not reappeared in the house after the fresh plastering, he will pronounce it clean because the mildew is clearly gone.

49To purify the house the priest must take two birds, a stick of cedar, some scarlet yarn, and a hyssop branch.

50He will slaughter one of the birds over a clay pot filled with fresh water.

51He will take the cedar stick, the hyssop branch, the scarlet yarn, and the live bird, and dip them into the blood of the slaughtered bird and into the fresh water. Then he will sprinkle the house seven times.

52When the priest has purified the house in exactly this way,

53he will release the live bird in the open fields outside the town. Through this process, the priest will purify the house, and it will be ceremonially clean.

54“These are the instructions for dealing with serious skin diseases, including scabby sores;

55and mildew, whether on clothing or in a house;

56and a swelling on the skin, a rash, or discolored skin.

57This procedure will determine whether a person or object is ceremonially clean or unclean. “These are the instructions regarding skin diseases and mildew.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Leviticus 14.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Of declaring the leper to be clean. (1–9). The sacrifices to be offered by him. (10–32). The leprosy in a house. (33–53). Summary of the law concerning leprosy. (54–57).

vv1-9

The priests could not cleanse the lepers; but when the Lord removed the plague, various rules were to be observed in admitting them again to the ordinances of God, and the society of his people. They represent many duties and exercises of truly repenting sinners, and the duties of ministers respecting them. If we apply this to the spiritual leprosy of sin, it intimates that when we withdraw from those who walk disorderly, we must not count them as enemies, but admonish them as brethren. And also that when God by his grace has brought to repentance, they ought with tenderness and joy, and sincere affection, to be received again. Care should always be taken that sinners may not be encouraged, nor penitents discouraged. If it were found that the leprosy was healed, the priest must declare it with the particular solemnities here described. The two birds, one killed, and the other dipped in the blood of the bird that was killed, and then let loose, may signify Christ shedding his blood for sinners, and rising and ascending into heaven. The priest having pronounced the leper clean from the disease, he must make himself clean from all remains of it. Thus those who have comfort of the remission of their sins, must with care and caution cleanse themselves from sins; for every one that has this hope in him, will be concerned to purify himself.

vv10-32

The cleansed leper was to be presented to the Lord, with his offerings. When God has restored us to enjoy public worship again, after sickness, distance, or otherwise, we should testify our thanksgiving by our diligent use of the liberty. And both we and our offerings must be presented before the Lord, by the Priest that made us clean, even our Lord Jesus. Beside the usual rites of the trespass-offering, some of the blood, and some of the oil, was to be put upon him that was to be cleansed. Wherever the blood of Christ is applied for justification, the oil of the Spirit is applied for sanctification; these two cannot be separated. We have here the gracious provision the law made for poor lepers. The poor are as welcome to God's altar as the rich. But though a meaner sacrifice was accepted from the poor, yet the same ceremony was used for the rich; their souls are as precious, and Christ and his gospel are the same to both. Even for the poor one lamb was necessary. No sinner could be saved, had it not been for the Lamb that was slain, and hath redeemed us to God with his blood.

vv33-53

The leprosy in a house is unaccountable to us, as well as the leprosy in a garment; but now sin, where that reigns in a house, is a plague there, as it is in a heart. Masters of families should be aware, and afraid of the first appearance of sin in their families, and put it away, whatever it is. If the leprosy is got into the house, the infected part must be taken out. If it remain in the house, the whole must be pulled down. The owner had better be without a dwelling, than live in one that was infected. The leprosy of sin ruins families and churches. Thus sin is so interwoven with the human body, that it must be taken down by death.

Cross References

Leviticus 14
v4Hebrews 9:19thematic

Explicitly links cedar wood, scarlet, and hyssop to the sprinkling and cleansing ceremonies under the law.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v14Leviticus 8:23thematic

Direct parallel placing sacrificial blood on the right ear, thumb, and toe, matching Aaron's consecration ritual.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

Explicitly details the wealthy purification rites that are now adapted for the poor in parallel fashion.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v2Matthew 8:4allusion

Jesus commands the healed leper to show himself to the priest and offer the gift Moses commanded.

Supported by JFB

v2Luke 5:14allusion

Luke's account of Jesus directing a healed leper to complete the Levitical rites of purification.

Supported by JFB

v14Exodus 29:20thematic

Applies blood to the right ear, thumb, and great toe for the consecration of the priests.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v28Leviticus 8:23thematic

Sparing ritual of blood on ear, thumb, and toe matches Aaron's priestly consecration sequence.

Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin

v49Hebrews 9:19thematic

Hebrews 9:19 references the covenant ceremony using water, scarlet wool, and hyssop to sprinkle for purification.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v3Leviticus 13:46thematic

Establishes that the leper dwelt outside the camp, necessitating the priest to go forth to him.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v4Psalms 51:7thematic

David's plea for spiritual purging using hyssop, pointing directly back to Levitical purification ceremonies.

Supported by Matthew Poole

Identical ceremonial process used for cleansing an infected house, confirming the ritual's unity.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v72 Kings 5:10thematic

Elisha commands Naaman the leper to wash in Jordan seven times, reflecting the Levitical sprinkling count.

Supported by JFB

v17Leviticus 14:14thematic

Specifies putting oil directly on top of the trespass offering blood, uniting atonement and sanctification.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v21Leviticus 5:7thematic

Establishes standard concession of two turtledoves/pigeons for individuals unable to afford a lamb.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v21Leviticus 12:8thematic

Parallels the compassionate allowance for poor mothers bringing turtledoves or pigeons instead of lambs.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v21Luke 5:14fulfillment

Jesus directs the cleansed leper to offer the gift Moses commanded as a testimony.

Supported by JFB

v30Luke 2:24fulfillment

Fulfilled in the offering of Mary and Joseph, demonstrating Christ's birth under poverty provisions.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v44Leviticus 13:51thematic

Defines the 'fretting leprosy' (malignant disease) in a garment, parallel to its outbreak in a house.

v49Psalms 51:7thematic

David requests purgation with hyssop, directly echoing the ritual materials used to cleanse the leprous house.

Provides the detailed, parallel diagnostic laws for evaluating leprosy in garments.

v2Mark 1:44allusion

Mark's gospel record of Jesus commanding the healed leper to undergo the priest's inspection.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v4Exodus 12:22thematic

First use of hyssop for sprinkling blood, establishing its covenantal role in purification.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v7Leviticus 4:17thematic

The sevenfold sprinkling of blood before the veil, illustrating total ritual cleansing.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v21Leviticus 14:10thematic

The standard rich person's purification offering being modified for the poor person's situation.

Supported by John Calvin, JFB

v34Zechariah 5:4thematic

The curse of God entering and consuming the stones and timber of a sinful house.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v34Proverbs 3:33thematic

Contrasts the curse of the Lord in the wicked's house with blessing the righteous habitation.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v49Numbers 19:6thematic

The same materials (cedar wood, hyssop, scarlet) are commanded for burning the red heifer.

v57Leviticus 10:10thematic

Establishes the priestly duty of distinguishing holy from unholy, clean from unclean, summarizing this law.

v57Ezekiel 44:23thematic

Ezekiel reinforces the priestly instruction of discerning between the clean and the unclean.

Uses the same items (birds, cedar, scarlet, hyssop) to cleanse a leprous house.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v14Leviticus 14:17thematic

Reinforces the ritual order: the oil of sanctification must cover the blood of justification.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v21Leviticus 14:32thematic

Summarizes the law's special adaptation for the leper whose hand is unable to afford standard items.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v36Revelation 18:4thematic

Instruction to empty the house / flee Babylon to avoid contamination and sharing in judgments.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v38Leviticus 13:50thematic

The priestly precedent of shutting up the suspect article for seven days to observe.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v44Zechariah 5:4thematic

The curse entering a wicked house to consume its timber and stones resembles house leprosy's destruction.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v512 Kings 5:10thematic

Elisha commands Naaman to wash seven times for complete healing, echoing the sevenfold sprinkling.

Supported by JFB