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Job34

New Living Translation

1Then Elihu said:

2“Listen to me, you wise men. Pay attention, you who have knowledge.

3Job said, ‘The ear tests the words it hears just as the mouth distinguishes between foods.’

4So let us discern for ourselves what is right; let us learn together what is good.

5For Job also said, ‘I am innocent, but God has taken away my rights.

6I am innocent, but they call me a liar. My suffering is incurable, though I have not sinned.’

7“Tell me, has there ever been a man like Job, with his thirst for irreverent talk?

8He chooses evil people as companions. He spends his time with wicked men.

9He has even said, ‘Why waste time trying to please God?’

10“Listen to me, you who have understanding. Everyone knows that God doesn’t sin! The Almighty can do no wrong.

11He repays people according to their deeds. He treats people as they deserve.

12Truly, God will not do wrong. The Almighty will not twist justice.

13Did someone else put the world in his care? Who set the whole world in place?

14If God were to take back his spirit and withdraw his breath,

15all life would cease, and humanity would turn again to dust.

16“Now listen to me if you are wise. Pay attention to what I say.

17Could God govern if he hated justice? Are you going to condemn the almighty judge?

18For he says to kings, ‘You are wicked,’ and to nobles, ‘You are unjust.’

19He doesn’t care how great a person may be, and he pays no more attention to the rich than to the poor. He made them all.

20In a moment they die. In the middle of the night they pass away; the mighty are removed without human hand.

21“For God watches how people live; he sees everything they do.

22No darkness is thick enough to hide the wicked from his eyes.

23We don’t set the time when we will come before God in judgment.

24He brings the mighty to ruin without asking anyone, and he sets up others in their place.

25He knows what they do, and in the night he overturns and destroys them.

26He strikes them down because they are wicked, doing it openly for all to see.

27For they turned away from following him. They have no respect for any of his ways.

28They cause the poor to cry out, catching God’s attention. He hears the cries of the needy.

29But if he chooses to remain quiet, who can criticize him? When he hides his face, no one can find him, whether an individual or a nation.

30He prevents the godless from ruling so they cannot be a snare to the people.

31“Why don’t people say to God, ‘I have sinned, but I will sin no more’?

32Or ‘I don’t know what evil I have done—tell me. If I have done wrong, I will stop at once’?

33“Must God tailor his justice to your demands? But you have rejected him! The choice is yours, not mine. Go ahead, share your wisdom with us.

34After all, bright people will tell me, and wise people will hear me say,

35‘Job speaks out of ignorance; his words lack insight.’

36Job, you deserve the maximum penalty for the wicked way you have talked.

37For you have added rebellion to your sin; you show no respect, and you speak many angry words against God.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Job 34.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Elihu accuses Job of charging God with injustice. (1–9). God cannot be unjust. (10–15). God's power and providence. (16–30). Elihu reproves Job. (31–37).

vv1-9

Elihu calls upon those present to decide with him upon Job's words. The plainest Christian, whose mind is enlightened, whose heart is sanctified by the Spirit of God, and who is versed in the Scriptures, can say how far matters, words, or actions, agree with true religion, better than any that lean to their own understandings. Job had spoken as if he meant wholly to justify himself. He that say, I have cleansed my hands in vain, does not only offend against God's children, Ps 73:13–15, but gratifies his enemies, and says as they say.

vv10-15

Elihu had showed Job, that God meant him no hurt by afflicting him, but intended his spiritual benefit. Here he shows, that God did him no wrong by afflicting him. If the former did not satisfy him, this ought to silence him. God cannot do wickedness, nor the Almighty commit wrong. If services now go unrewarded, and sins now go unpunished, yet there is a day coming, when God will fully render to every man according to his works. Further, though the believer's final condemnation is done away through the Saviour's ransom, yet he has merited worse than any outward afflictions; so that no wrong is done to him, however he may be tried.

vv16-30

Elihu appeals directly to Job himself. Could he suppose that God was like those earthly princes, who hate right, who are unfit to rule, and prove the scourges of mankind? It is daring presumption to condemn God's proceedings, as Job had done by his discontents. Elihu suggests divers considerations to Job, to produce in him high thoughts of God, and so to persuade him to submit. Job had often wished to plead his cause before God. Elihu asks, To what purpose? All is well that God does, and will be found so. What can make those uneasy, whose souls dwell at ease in God? The smiles of all the world cannot quiet those on whom God frowns.

Cross References

Job 34
v5Job 27:2quotation

Direct citation of Job's claim that God has 'taken away my judgment.'

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v3Job 12:11allusion

Repeats the precise proverb comparing the ear testing words to the mouth tasting meat.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v10Deuteronomy 32:4thematic

Affirms God is just and without iniquity, directly answering Job's complaints.

Supported by JFB

v7Job 15:16allusion

Parallels Eliphaz's image of drinking iniquity/scorning like water.

Supported by JFB

v10Romans 9:14thematic

Strongly asserts that there is no unrighteousness with God.

Supported by JFB

v12Job 8:3thematic

Bildad's identical rhetorical question: 'Doth God pervert judgment? or the Almighty pervert justice?'

Supported by JFB

v18Exodus 22:28thematic

The prohibition against reviling rulers, reinforcing that we must not condemn God.

Supported by JFB

Affirms God does not respect persons, take bribes, or favor princes.

Supported by JFB

v9Job 9:22thematic

Where Job claimed God destroys both the perfect and the wicked alike.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v9Psalms 73:13thematic

Asaph's parallel temptation to say cleansing his heart was in vain.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v9Malachi 3:14thematic

Wicked men saying 'It is vain to serve God' matches Elihu's charge.

Supported by JFB

v11Romans 2:6thematic

Establishes that God will render to every man according to his works.

Supported by JFB

Reflects God gathering man's spirit back to Himself, causing flesh to return to dust.

Supported by JFB

v15Genesis 3:19allusion

The foundational decree that man shall return to dust.

Supported by JFB

v22Psalms 139:12thematic

Affirms that darkness cannot hide anything from God's sight.

Supported by JFB