Job34
American Standard Version · Public Domain
1Moreover Elihu answered and said,
2Hear my words, ye wise men; And give ear unto me, ye that have knowledge.
3For the ear trieth words, As the palate tasteth food.
4Let us choose for us that which is right: Let us know among ourselves what is good.
5For Job hath said, I am righteous, And God hath taken away my right:
6Notwithstanding my right I am accounted a liar; My wound is incurable, though I am without transgression.
7What man is like Job, Who drinketh up scoffing like water,
8Who goeth in company with the workers of iniquity, And walketh with wicked men?
9For he hath said, It profiteth a man nothing That he should delight himself with God.
10Therefore hearken unto me, ye men of understanding: Far be it from God, that he should do wickedness, And from the Almighty, that he should commit iniquity.
11For the work of a man will he render unto him, And cause every man to find according to his ways.
12Yea, of a surety, God will not do wickedly, Neither will the Almighty pervert justice.
13Who gave him a charge over the earth? Or who hath disposed the whole world?
14If he set his heart upon himself, If he gather unto himself his spirit and his breath;
15All flesh shall perish together, And man shall turn again unto dust.
16If now thou hast understanding, hear this: Hearken to the voice of my words.
17Shall even one that hateth justice govern? And wilt thou condemn him that is righteous and mighty?—
18Him that saith to a king, Thou art vile, Or to nobles, Ye are wicked;
19That respecteth not the persons of princes, Nor regardeth the rich more than the poor; For they all are the work of his hands.
20In a moment they die, even at midnight; The people are shaken and pass away, And the mighty are taken away without hand.
21For his eyes are upon the ways of a man, And he seeth all his goings.
22There is no darkness, nor thick gloom, Where the workers of iniquity may hide themselves.
23For he needeth not further to consider a man, That he should go before God in judgment.
24He breaketh in pieces mighty men in ways past finding out, And setteth others in their stead.
25Therefore he taketh knowledge of their works; And he overturneth them in the night, so that they are destroyed.
26He striketh them as wicked men In the open sight of others;
27Because they turned aside from following him, And would not have regard in any of his ways:
28So that they caused the cry of the poor to come unto him, And he heard the cry of the afflicted.
29When he giveth quietness, who then can condemn? And when he hideth his face, who then can behold him? Alike whether it be done unto a nation, or unto a man:
30That the godless man reign not, That there be none to ensnare the people.
31For hath any said unto God, I have borne chastisement, I will not offend any more:
32That which I see not teach thou me: If I have done iniquity, I will do it no more?
33Shall his recompense be as thou wilt, that thou refusest it? For thou must choose, and not I: Therefore speak what thou knowest.
34Men of understanding will say unto me, Yea, every wise man that heareth me:
35Job speaketh without knowledge, And his words are without wisdom.
36Would that Job were tried unto the end, Because of his answering like wicked men.
37For he addeth rebellion unto his sin; He clappeth his hands among us, And multiplieth his words against God.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Job 34.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Elihu accuses Job of charging God with injustice. (1–9). God cannot be unjust. (10–15). God's power and providence. (16–30). Elihu reproves Job. (31–37).
vv1-9
Elihu calls upon those present to decide with him upon Job's words. The plainest Christian, whose mind is enlightened, whose heart is sanctified by the Spirit of God, and who is versed in the Scriptures, can say how far matters, words, or actions, agree with true religion, better than any that lean to their own understandings. Job had spoken as if he meant wholly to justify himself. He that say, I have cleansed my hands in vain, does not only offend against God's children, Ps 73:13–15, but gratifies his enemies, and says as they say.
vv10-15
Elihu had showed Job, that God meant him no hurt by afflicting him, but intended his spiritual benefit. Here he shows, that God did him no wrong by afflicting him. If the former did not satisfy him, this ought to silence him. God cannot do wickedness, nor the Almighty commit wrong. If services now go unrewarded, and sins now go unpunished, yet there is a day coming, when God will fully render to every man according to his works. Further, though the believer's final condemnation is done away through the Saviour's ransom, yet he has merited worse than any outward afflictions; so that no wrong is done to him, however he may be tried.
vv16-30
Elihu appeals directly to Job himself. Could he suppose that God was like those earthly princes, who hate right, who are unfit to rule, and prove the scourges of mankind? It is daring presumption to condemn God's proceedings, as Job had done by his discontents. Elihu suggests divers considerations to Job, to produce in him high thoughts of God, and so to persuade him to submit. Job had often wished to plead his cause before God. Elihu asks, To what purpose? All is well that God does, and will be found so. What can make those uneasy, whose souls dwell at ease in God? The smiles of all the world cannot quiet those on whom God frowns.
Key Words
אֱלִיהוּ: Elihu, the name of one of Job's friends, and of three Israelites
עָנָה: properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e. pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout, testify, announce
אָמַר: to say (used with great latitude)
שָׁמַע: to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
מִלָּה: a word; collectively, a discourse; figuratively, a topic
חָכָם: wise, (i.e. intelligent, skilful or artful)
אָזַן: to broaden out the ear (with the hand), i.e. (by implication) to listen
יָדַע: to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation, care, recognition; and causatively, instruction, designation, punishment, etc.)
אֹזֶן: broadness. i.e. (concrete) the ear (from its form in man)
בָּחַן: to test (especially metals); generally and figuratively, to investigate
Cross References
Job 34Direct citation of Job's claim that God has 'taken away my judgment.'
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Repeats the precise proverb comparing the ear testing words to the mouth tasting meat.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Affirms God is just and without iniquity, directly answering Job's complaints.
Supported by JFB
Parallels Eliphaz's image of drinking iniquity/scorning like water.
Supported by JFB
Strongly asserts that there is no unrighteousness with God.
Supported by JFB
Bildad's identical rhetorical question: 'Doth God pervert judgment? or the Almighty pervert justice?'
Supported by JFB
The prohibition against reviling rulers, reinforcing that we must not condemn God.
Supported by JFB
Affirms God does not respect persons, take bribes, or favor princes.
Supported by JFB
Where Job claimed God destroys both the perfect and the wicked alike.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Asaph's parallel temptation to say cleansing his heart was in vain.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Wicked men saying 'It is vain to serve God' matches Elihu's charge.
Supported by JFB
Establishes that God will render to every man according to his works.
Supported by JFB
Reflects God gathering man's spirit back to Himself, causing flesh to return to dust.
Supported by JFB
The foundational decree that man shall return to dust.
Supported by JFB
Affirms that darkness cannot hide anything from God's sight.
Supported by JFB