Job34
World English Bible · Public Domain
1 Moreover Elihu answered,
2 “Hear my words, you wise men. Give ear to me, you who have knowledge.
3 For the ear tries words, as the palate tastes food.
4 Let us choose for us that which is right. Let us know among ourselves what is good.
5 For Job has said, ‘I am righteous, God has taken away my right.
6 Notwithstanding my right I am considered a liar. My wound is incurable, though I am without disobedience.’
7 What man is like Job, who drinks scorn like water,
8 who goes in company with the workers of iniquity, and walks with wicked men?
9 For he has said, ‘It profits a man nothing that he should delight himself with God.’
10 “Therefore listen to me, you men of understanding: far be it from God, that he should do wickedness, from the Almighty, that he should commit iniquity.
11 For the work of a man he will render to him, and cause every man to find according to his ways.
12 Yes surely, God will not do wickedly, neither will the Almighty pervert justice.
13 Who put him in charge of the earth? Or who has appointed him over the whole world?
14 If he set his heart on himself, if he gathered to himself his spirit and his breath,
15 all flesh would perish together, and man would turn again to dust.
16 “If now you have understanding, hear this. Listen to the voice of my words.
17 Should even one who hates justice govern? Will you condemn him who is righteous and mighty,
18 who says to a king, ‘Vile!’ or to nobles, ‘Wicked!’?
19 He doesn’t respect the persons of princes, nor respect the rich more than the poor, for they all are the work of his hands.
20 In a moment they die, even at midnight. The people are shaken and pass away. The mighty are taken away without a hand.
21 “For his eyes are on the ways of a man. He sees all his goings.
22 There is no darkness, nor thick gloom, where the workers of iniquity may hide themselves.
23 For he doesn’t need to consider a man further, that he should go before God in judgment.
24 He breaks mighty men in pieces in ways past finding out, and sets others in their place.
25 Therefore he takes knowledge of their works. He overturns them in the night, so that they are destroyed.
26 He strikes them as wicked men in the open sight of others;
27 because they turned away from following him, and wouldn’t pay attention to any of his ways,
28 so that they caused the cry of the poor to come to him. He heard the cry of the afflicted.
29 When he gives quietness, who then can condemn? When he hides his face, who then can see him? He is over a nation or a man alike,
30 that the godless man may not reign, that there be no one to ensnare the people.
31 “For has any said to God, ‘I am guilty, but I will not offend any more.
32 Teach me that which I don’t see. If I have done iniquity, I will do it no more’?
33 Shall his recompense be as you desire, that you refuse it? For you must choose, and not I. Therefore speak what you know.
34 Men of understanding will tell me, yes, every wise man who hears me:
35 ‘Job speaks without knowledge. His words are without wisdom.’
36 I wish that Job were tried to the end, because of his answering like wicked men.
37 For he adds rebellion to his sin. He claps his hands among us, and multiplies his words against God.”
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Job 34Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Job 34. The full AI study guide (summary, themes, context) has its own page.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Elihu accuses Job of charging God with injustice. (1–9). God cannot be unjust. (10–15). God's power and providence. (16–30). Elihu reproves Job. (31–37).
vv1-9
Elihu calls upon those present to decide with him upon Job's words. The plainest Christian, whose mind is enlightened, whose heart is sanctified by the Spirit of God, and who is versed in the Scriptures, can say how far matters, words, or actions, agree with true religion, better than any that lean to their own understandings. Job had spoken as if he meant wholly to justify himself. He that say, I have cleansed my hands in vain, does not only offend against God's children, Ps 73:13–15, but gratifies his enemies, and says as they say.
vv10-15
Elihu had showed Job, that God meant him no hurt by afflicting him, but intended his spiritual benefit. Here he shows, that God did him no wrong by afflicting him. If the former did not satisfy him, this ought to silence him. God cannot do wickedness, nor the Almighty commit wrong. If services now go unrewarded, and sins now go unpunished, yet there is a day coming, when God will fully render to every man according to his works. Further, though the believer's final condemnation is done away through the Saviour's ransom, yet he has merited worse than any outward afflictions; so that no wrong is done to him, however he may be tried.
vv16-30
Elihu appeals directly to Job himself. Could he suppose that God was like those earthly princes, who hate right, who are unfit to rule, and prove the scourges of mankind? It is daring presumption to condemn God's proceedings, as Job had done by his discontents. Elihu suggests divers considerations to Job, to produce in him high thoughts of God, and so to persuade him to submit. Job had often wished to plead his cause before God. Elihu asks, To what purpose? All is well that God does, and will be found so. What can make those uneasy, whose souls dwell at ease in God? The smiles of all the world cannot quiet those on whom God frowns.
Key Words
אֱלִיהוּ: Elihu, the name of one of Job's friends, and of three Israelites
עָנָה: properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e. pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout, testify, announce
אָמַר: to say (used with great latitude)
שָׁמַע: to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
מִלָּה: a word; collectively, a discourse; figuratively, a topic
חָכָם: wise, (i.e. intelligent, skilful or artful)
אָזַן: to broaden out the ear (with the hand), i.e. (by implication) to listen
יָדַע: to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation, care, recognition; and causatively, instruction, designation, punishment, etc.)
אֹזֶן: broadness. i.e. (concrete) the ear (from its form in man)
בָּחַן: to test (especially metals); generally and figuratively, to investigate
Cross References
Job 34Direct citation of Job's claim that God has 'taken away my judgment.'
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Repeats the precise proverb comparing the ear testing words to the mouth tasting meat.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Affirms God is just and without iniquity, directly answering Job's complaints.
Supported by JFB
Parallels Eliphaz's image of drinking iniquity/scorning like water.
Supported by JFB
Strongly asserts that there is no unrighteousness with God.
Supported by JFB
Bildad's identical rhetorical question: 'Doth God pervert judgment? or the Almighty pervert justice?'
Supported by JFB
The prohibition against reviling rulers, reinforcing that we must not condemn God.
Supported by JFB
Affirms God does not respect persons, take bribes, or favor princes.
Supported by JFB
Where Job claimed God destroys both the perfect and the wicked alike.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Asaph's parallel temptation to say cleansing his heart was in vain.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Wicked men saying 'It is vain to serve God' matches Elihu's charge.
Supported by JFB
Establishes that God will render to every man according to his works.
Supported by JFB
Reflects God gathering man's spirit back to Himself, causing flesh to return to dust.
Supported by JFB
The foundational decree that man shall return to dust.
Supported by JFB
Affirms that darkness cannot hide anything from God's sight.
Supported by JFB