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Job33

World English Bible · Public Domain

1“However, Job, please hear my speech, and listen to all my words.

2See now, I have opened my mouth. My tongue has spoken in my mouth.

3My words will utter the uprightness of my heart. That which my lips know they will speak sincerely.

4The Spirit of God has made me, and the breath of the Almighty gives me life.

5If you can, answer me. Set your words in order before me, and stand up.

6Behold, I am toward God even as you are. I am also formed out of the clay.

7Behold, my terror will not make you afraid, neither will my pressure be heavy on you.

8“Surely you have spoken in my hearing, I have heard the voice of your words, saying,

9‘I am clean, without disobedience. I am innocent, neither is there iniquity in me.

10Behold, he finds occasions against me. He counts me for his enemy.

11He puts my feet in the stocks. He marks all my paths.’

12“Behold, I will answer you. In this you are not just, for God is greater than man.

13Why do you strive against him, because he doesn’t give account of any of his matters?

14For God speaks once, yes twice, though man pays no attention.

15In a dream, in a vision of the night, when deep sleep falls on men, in slumbering on the bed,

16then he opens the ears of men, and seals their instruction,

17that he may withdraw man from his purpose, and hide pride from man.

18He keeps back his soul from the pit, and his life from perishing by the sword.

19“He is chastened also with pain on his bed, with continual strife in his bones,

20so that his life abhors bread, and his soul dainty food.

21His flesh is so consumed away that it can’t be seen. His bones that were not seen stick out.

22Yes, his soul draws near to the pit, and his life to the destroyers.

23“If there is beside him an angel, an interpreter, one among a thousand, to show to man what is right for him,

24then God is gracious to him, and says, ‘Deliver him from going down to the pit, I have found a ransom.’

25His flesh will be fresher than a child’s. He returns to the days of his youth.

26He prays to God, and he is favorable to him, so that he sees his face with joy. He restores to man his righteousness.

27He sings before men, and says, ‘I have sinned, and perverted that which was right, and it didn’t profit me.

28He has redeemed my soul from going into the pit. My life will see the light.’

29“Behold, God does all these things, twice, yes three times, with a man,

30to bring back his soul from the pit, that he may be enlightened with the light of the living.

31Mark well, Job, and listen to me. Hold your peace, and I will speak.

32If you have anything to say, answer me. Speak, for I desire to justify you.

33If not, listen to me. Hold your peace, and I will teach you wisdom.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Job 33.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Elihu offers to reason with Job. (1–7). Elihu blames Job for reflecting upon God. (8–13). God calls men to repentance. (14–18). God sends afflictions for good. (19–28). Elihu entreats Job's attention. (29–33).

vv1-7

Job had desired a judge to decide his appeal. Elihu was one according to his wish, a man like himself. If we would rightly convince men, it must be by reason, not by terror; by fair argument, not by a heavy hand.

vv8-13

Elihu charges Job with reflecting upon the justice and goodness of God. When we hear any thing said to God's dishonour, we ought to bear our testimony against it. Job had represented God as severe in marking what he did amiss. Elihu urges that he had spoken wrong, and that he ought to humble himself before God, and by repentance to unsay it. God is not accountable to us. It is unreasonable for weak, sinful creatures, to strive with a God of infinite wisdom, power, and goodness. He acts with perfect justice, wisdom, and goodness, where we cannot perceive it.

vv14-18

God speaks to us by conscience, by providences, and by ministers; of all these Elihu discourses. There was not then, that we know of, any Divine revelation in writing, though now it is our principal guide. When God designs men's good, by the convictions and dictates of their own consciences, he opens the heart, as Lydia's, and opens the ears, so that conviction finds or forces its way in. The end and design of these admonitions are to keep men from sin, particularly the sin of pride. While sinners are pursuing evil purposes, and indulging their pride, their souls are hastening to destruction. That which turns men from sin, saves them from hell. What a mercy it is to be under the restraints of an awakened conscience!

Cross References

Job 33
v6Job 9:32-35thematic

Elihu acts as the mediator/umpire in God's stead that Job repeatedly wished for.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v7Job 13:21thematic

Elihu promises his hand will not be heavy on Job, answering Job's specific plea.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v4Genesis 2:7allusion

Alludes directly to the creation of man by God's Spirit and breath of life.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v10Job 13:24allusion

Elihu quotes Job's complaint that God counts him for His enemy.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v11Job 13:27allusion

Elihu quotes Job's exact complaint about putting his feet in stocks and marking paths.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v7Job 9:34thematic

Job's dread of God's rod and terror is answered by Elihu's non-threatening human approach.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v13Isaiah 45:9thematic

Rebukes striving against God, echoing the clay disputing with the one who forms it.

Supported by JFB

v20Psalms 107:18thematic

Parallel description of a sick man's soul abhorring all manner of dainty meat.

Supported by JFB

v9Job 10:7allusion

Reflects Job's protestations that God knows he is not wicked.

Supported by JFB

v14Psalms 62:11thematic

Reflects the principle of God speaking 'once, yea twice' to communicate His truths.

Supported by JFB

v15Job 4:13thematic

Echoes Eliphaz's description of night visions when deep sleep falls on men.

Supported by JFB

v15Genesis 20:3thematic

An ancient historical example of God warning a man in a dream of the night.

Supported by JFB

v16Job 36:10thematic

Elihu repeats his theme of God opening the ear to instruction through discipline.

Supported by JFB

v17Job 17:11thematic

Elihu contrasts God's preventative purpose with Job's broken earthly purposes.

Supported by JFB

v4Job 32:8thematic

Identifies Elihu's reliance on the inspiration of the Almighty rather than mere age.

Supported by JFB

v6Job 31:35thematic

Parallels Job's desire for his adversary to write a book and plead directly.

Supported by JFB

v6Job 13:3thematic

Connects to Job's desire to speak directly to the Almighty and reason with God.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v19Psalms 38:3thematic

Parallels the description of severe chastening and lack of rest in the bones.

Supported by JFB

Typological parallel to the 'interpreter' or messenger representing God to man.

v2Job 6:30thematic

Connects the physical palate/mouth to the spiritual discernment of words.

Supported by JFB

v10Job 16:9thematic

Parallels Job's distress of God treating him with hostility and enmity.

Supported by JFB

v11Job 14:16allusion

Directly links to Job's complaint that God numbers and narrowly watches his steps.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v252 Kings 5:14thematic

Illustrates a man's flesh returning fresher than a child's upon recovery.