Judges 5WEB
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Judges5

World English Bible · Public Domain

1Then Deborah and Barak the son of Abinoam sang on that day, saying,

2“Because the leaders took the lead in Israel, because the people offered themselves willingly, be blessed, Yahweh!

3“Hear, you kings! Give ear, you princes! I, even I, will sing to Yahweh. I will sing praise to Yahweh, the God of Israel.

4“Yahweh, when you went out of Seir, when you marched out of the field of Edom, the earth trembled, the sky also dropped. Yes, the clouds dropped water.

5The mountains quaked at Yahweh’s presence, even Sinai at the presence of Yahweh, the God of Israel.

6“In the days of Shamgar the son of Anath, in the days of Jael, the highways were unoccupied. The travelers walked through byways.

7The rulers ceased in Israel. They ceased until I, Deborah, arose; Until I arose a mother in Israel.

8They chose new gods. Then war was in the gates. Was there a shield or spear seen among forty thousand in Israel?

9My heart is toward the governors of Israel, who offered themselves willingly among the people. Bless Yahweh!

10“Speak, you who ride on white donkeys, you who sit on rich carpets, and you who walk by the way.

11Far from the noise of archers, in the places of drawing water, there they will rehearse Yahweh’s righteous acts, the righteous acts of his rule in Israel. “Then Yahweh’s people went down to the gates.

12‘Awake, awake, Deborah! Awake, awake, utter a song! Arise, Barak, and lead away your captives, you son of Abinoam.’

13“Then a remnant of the nobles and the people came down. Yahweh came down for me against the mighty.

14Those whose root is in Amalek came out of Ephraim, after you, Benjamin, among your peoples. Governors come down out of Machir. Those who handle the marshal’s staff came out of Zebulun.

15The princes of Issachar were with Deborah. As was Issachar, so was Barak. They rushed into the valley at his feet. By the watercourses of Reuben, there were great resolves of heart.

16Why did you sit among the sheepfolds? To hear the whistling for the flocks? At the watercourses of Reuben, there were great searchings of heart.

17Gilead lived beyond the Jordan. Why did Dan remain in ships? Asher sat still at the haven of the sea, and lived by his creeks.

18Zebulun was a people that jeopardized their lives to the death; Naphtali also, on the high places of the field.

19“The kings came and fought, then the kings of Canaan fought at Taanach by the waters of Megiddo. They took no plunder of silver.

20From the sky the stars fought. From their courses, they fought against Sisera.

21The river Kishon swept them away, that ancient river, the river Kishon. My soul, march on with strength.

22Then the horse hoofs stamped because of the prancing, the prancing of their strong ones.

23‘Curse Meroz,’ said Yahweh’s angel. ‘Curse bitterly its inhabitants, because they didn’t come to help Yahweh, to help Yahweh against the mighty.’

24“Jael shall be blessed above women, the wife of Heber the Kenite; blessed shall she be above women in the tent.

25He asked for water. She gave him milk. She brought him butter in a lordly dish.

26She put her hand to the tent peg, and her right hand to the workmen’s hammer. With the hammer she struck Sisera. She struck through his head. Yes, she pierced and struck through his temples.

27At her feet he bowed, he fell, he lay. At her feet he bowed, he fell. Where he bowed, there he fell down dead.

28“Through the window she looked out, and cried: Sisera’s mother looked through the lattice. ‘Why is his chariot so long in coming? Why do the wheels of his chariots wait?’

29Her wise ladies answered her, Yes, she returned answer to herself,

30‘Have they not found, have they not divided the plunder? A lady, two ladies to every man; to Sisera a plunder of dyed garments, a plunder of dyed garments embroidered, of dyed garments embroidered on both sides, on the necks of the plunder?’

31“So let all your enemies perish, Yahweh, but let those who love him be as the sun when it rises in its strength.” Then the land had rest forty years.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Judges 5.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Praise and glory ascribed to God. (1–5). The distress and deliverance of Israel. (6–11). Some commended, others censured. (12–23). Sisera's mother disappointed. (24–31).

vv1-5

No time should be lost in returning thanks to the Lord for his mercies; for our praises are most acceptable, pleasant, and profitable, when they flow from a full heart. By this, love and gratitude would be more excited and more deeply fixed in the hearts of believers; the events would be more known and longer remembered. Whatever Deborah, Barak, or the army had done, the Lord must have all the praise. The will, the power, and the success were all from Him.

vv6-11

Deborah describes the distressed state of Israel under the tyranny of Jabin, that their salvation might appear more gracious. She shows what brought this misery upon them. It was their idolatry. They chose new gods, with new names. But under all these images, Satan was worshipped. Deborah was a mother to Israel, by diligently promoting the salvation of their souls. She calls on those who shared the advantages of this great salvation, to offer up thanks to God for it. Let such as are restored, not only to their liberty as other Israelites, but to their rank, speak God's praises. This is the Lord's doing. In these acts of his, justice was executed on his enemies. In times of persecution, God's ordinances, the walls of salvation, whence the waters of life are drawn, are resorted to at the hazard of the lives of those who attend them. At all times Satan will endeavour to hinder the believer from drawing near to the throne of grace. Notice God's kindness to his trembling people. It is the glory of God to protect those who are most exposed, and to help the weakest. Let us notice the benefit we have from the public peace, the inhabitants of villages especially, and give God the praise.

vv12-23

Deborah called on her own soul to be in earnest. He that will set the hearts of other men on fire with the love of Christ, must himself burn with love. Praising God is a work we should awake to, and awake ourselves unto. She notices who fought against Israel, who fought for them, and who kept away. Who fought against them. They were obstinate enemies to God's people, therefore the more dangerous. Who fought for them. The several tribes that helped are here spoken of with honour; for though God is above all to be glorified, those who are employed must have their due praise, to encourage others. But the whole creation is at war with those to whom God is an enemy. The river of Kishon fought against their enemies. At most times it was shallow, yet now, probably by the great rain that fell, it was so swelled, and the stream so deep and strong, that those who attempted to pass, were drowned. Deborah's own soul fought against them. When the soul is employed in holy exercises, and heart-work is made of them, through the grace of God, the strength of our spiritual enemies will be trodden down, and will fall before us. She observes who kept away, and did not side with Israel, as might have been expected. Thus many are kept from doing their duty by the fear of trouble, the love of ease, and undue affection to their worldly business and advantage. Narrow, selfish spirits care not what becomes of God's church, so that they can but get, keep, and save money. All seek their own, Php 2:21. A little will serve those for a pretence to stay at home, who have no mind to engage in needful services, because there is difficulty and danger in them. But we cannot keep away from the contest between the Lord and his enemies; and if we do not actively endeavour to promote his cause in this wicked world, we shall fall under the curse against the workers of iniquity. Though He needs no human help, yet he is pleased to accept the services of those who improve their talents to advance his cause. He requires every man to do so.

Cross References

Judges 5

Poetic imagery of God's majestic march from Seir and Edom to deliver His people.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v4Psalms 68:8thematic

Direct verbal parallel regarding the earth trembling and heavens dropping at God's presence.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v5Exodus 19:18thematic

Refers to Mount Sinai melting/shaking before the Lord, a key comparison in Deborah's song.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v25Judges 4:19-21thematic

The prose account of Jael giving Sisera milk and driving the tent peg.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v6Judges 3:31thematic

Identifies the days of Shamgar son of Anath, the preceding deliverer in Israel.

Supported by Matthew Poole

Explains choosing 'new gods' and the consequent judgment of war in the gates.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v12Ephesians 4:8typology

New Testament fulfillment of leading captivity captive, applied typologically to Christ's ascension.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v24Luke 1:28thematic

Parallel blessing 'above/among women' pronounced on Mary, echoing Jael's blessing.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v1Exodus 15:1thematic

The prototypical triumphal song led by Moses and Miriam after victory.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v2Psalms 110:3thematic

Parallels the people 'willingly offering themselves' in the day of battle.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v4Habakkuk 3:3-6thematic

Prophetic parallel of God marching from Teman/Paran and the mountains trembling.

Supported by Matthew Poole

Illustrates Israel's lack of shield and spear under foreign oppression and disarmament.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v16Numbers 32:1-5contrast

Reuben's choice to stay among the sheepfolds, prioritizing livestock over national battle.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v20Judges 4:15thematic

The literal battlefield defeat of Sisera which Deborah attributes to heaven's intervention.

Supported by JFB

v30Exodus 15:9contrast

Parallels the enemy's premature boast of dividing the spoil before being destroyed.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v312 Samuel 23:4thematic

Describes the righteous as being like the clear shining of the sun.

Supported by Matthew Henry