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Malachi1

World English Bible · Public Domain

1A revelation, Yahweh’s word to Israel by Malachi.

2“I have loved you,” says Yahweh. Yet you say, “How have you loved us?” “Wasn’t Esau Jacob’s brother?” says Yahweh, “Yet I loved Jacob;

3but Esau I hated, and made his mountains a desolation, and gave his heritage to the jackals of the wilderness.”

4Whereas Edom says, “We are beaten down, but we will return and build the waste places,” Yahweh of Armies says, “They shall build, but I will throw down; and men will call them ‘The Wicked Land,’ even the people against whom Yahweh shows wrath forever.”

5Your eyes will see, and you will say, “Yahweh is great—even beyond the border of Israel!”

6“A son honors his father, and a servant his master. If I am a father, then where is my honor? And if I am a master, where is the respect due me?” says Yahweh of Armies to you priests who despise my name. “You say, ‘How have we despised your name?’

7You offer polluted bread on my altar. You say, ‘How have we polluted you?’ In that you say, ‘Yahweh’s table is contemptible.’

8When you offer the blind for sacrifice, isn’t that evil? And when you offer the lame and sick, isn’t that evil? Present it now to your governor! Will he be pleased with you? Or will he accept your person?” says Yahweh of Armies.

9“Now, please entreat the favor of God, that he may be gracious to us. With this, will he accept any of you?” says Yahweh of Armies.

10“Oh that there were one among you who would shut the doors, that you might not kindle fire on my altar in vain! I have no pleasure in you,” says Yahweh of Armies, “neither will I accept an offering at your hand.

11For from the rising of the sun even to its going down, my name is great among the nations, and in every place incense will be offered to my name, and a pure offering; for my name is great among the nations,” says Yahweh of Armies.

12“But you profane it when you say, ‘Yahweh’s table is polluted, and its fruit, even its food, is contemptible.’

13You say also, ‘Behold, what a weariness it is!’ And you have sniffed at it”, says Yahweh of Armies; “and you have brought that which was taken by violence, the lame, and the sick; thus you bring the offering. Should I accept this at your hand?” says Yahweh.

14“But the deceiver is cursed who has in his flock a male, and vows and sacrifices to the Lord a defective thing; for I am a great King,” says Yahweh of Armies, “and my name is awesome among the nations.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Malachi 1.

Full AI study →

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The ingratitude of Israel. (1–5). They are careless in God's institutions. (6–14).

vv1-5

All advantages, either as to outward circumstances, or spiritual privileges, come from the free love of God, who makes one to differ from another. All the evils sinners feel and fear, are the just recompence of their crimes, while all their hopes and comforts are from the unmerited mercy of the Lord. He chose his people that they might be holy. If we love him, it is because he has first loved us; yet we all are prone to undervalue the mercies of God, and to excuse our own offences.

vv6-14

We may each charge upon ourselves what is here charged upon the priests. Our relation to God, as our Father and Master, strongly obliges us to fear and honour him. But they were so scornful that they derided reproof. Sinners ruin themselves by trying to baffle their convictions. Those who live in careless neglect of holy ordinances, who attend on them without reverence, and go from them under no concern, in effect say, The table of the Lord is contemptible. They despised God's name in what they did. It is evident that these understood not the meaning of the sacrifices, as shadowing forth the unblemished Lamb of God; they grudged the expense, thinking all thrown away which did not turn to their profit. If we worship God ignorantly, and without understanding, we bring the blind for sacrifice; if we do it carelessly, if we are cold, dull, and dead in it, we bring the sick; if we rest in the bodily exercise, and do not make heart-work of it, we bring the lame; and if we suffer vain thoughts and distractions to lodge within us, we bring the torn. And is not this evil? Is it not a great affront to God, and a great wrong and injury to our own souls? In order to the acceptance of our actions with God, it is not enough to do that which, for the matter of it, is good; but we must do it from a right principle, in a right manner, and for a right end. Our constant mercies from God, make worse our slothfulness and niggardliness, in our returns of duty to God. A spiritual worship shall be established. Incense shall be offered to God's name, which signifies prayer and praise. And it shall be a pure offering. When the hour came, in which the true worshippers worshipped the Father in Spirit and in truth, then this incense was offered, even this pure offering. We may rely on God's mercy for pardon as to the past, but not for indulgence to sin in future. If there be a willing mind, it will be accepted, though defective; but if any be a deceiver, devoting his best to Satan and to his lusts, he is under a curse. Men now, though in a different way, profane the name of the Lord, pollute his table, and show contempt for his worship.

Cross References

Malachi 1
v2Romans 9:13quotation

Paul explicitly quotes 'Jacob have I loved, but Esau have I hated' to ground election.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Deuteronomy grounds Israel's election in the Lord's sovereign, gratuitous choice, parallels Malachi's opening love claim.

Supported by JFB

v11John 4:21-23thematic

Jesus declares true worshippers will worship in spirit and truth everywhere, fulfilling universal pure offerings.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v1Zechariah 9:1allusion

The technical prophetic term 'burden' (massa) carries a weight of judgment, as in Zechariah.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v6Isaiah 63:16thematic

Relates to the claim of God as Father, which Israel's priests fail to honor.

Supported by JFB

v61 Samuel 2:30thematic

Those who honor God He honors, but those who despise Him (as priests here) are lightly esteemed.

Supported by John Calvin, JFB

Levitical law strictly forbids offering blind, lame, or blemished sacrifices, which Malachi's priests violated.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v3Luke 14:26thematic

Illustrates 'hated' as a relative Semitic term for loving less, comparing Jacob and Esau.

Supported by JFB

v3Isaiah 34:13thematic

Depicts Edom's utter desolation, overrun by desert creatures/dragons, echoing God's judgement.

Supported by JFB

v6Exodus 20:12thematic

The Fifth Commandment on honoring a father underlies God's appeal to his own fatherhood.

Supported by JFB

Contrasts the 'table of the Lord' with the table of devils, echoing the altar terminology.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

Specifically forbids sacrificing animals with any ill blemish, such as lameness or blindness.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v10Isaiah 1:11-15thematic

God rejects vain offerings and worthless temple attendance, preferring obedience and sincere worship.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Legal distinction of the beloved and hated wife; clarifies the comparative meaning of 'hated'.

Supported by JFB

v4Malachi 1:3thematic

Establishes the link between Edom's persistent, self-willed rebuild attempt and God's sovereign curse.

Supported by JFB

v11Psalms 141:2typology

Incense as a type representing prayers of the saints offered in every place.

Supported by Matthew Henry