2 Chronicles 20ASV
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2 Chronicles20

American Standard Version · Public Domain

1And it came to pass after this, that the children of Moab, and the children of Ammon, and with them some of the Ammonites, came against Jehoshaphat to battle.

2Then there came some that told Jehoshaphat, saying, There cometh a great multitude against thee from beyond the sea from Syria; and, behold, they are in Hazazon-tamar (the same is En-gedi).

3And Jehoshaphat feared, and set himself to seek unto Jehovah; and he proclaimed a fast throughout all Judah.

4And Judah gathered themselves together, to seek help of Jehovah: even out of all the cities of Judah they came to seek Jehovah.

5And Jehoshaphat stood in the assembly of Judah and Jerusalem, in the house of Jehovah, before the new court;

6and he said, O Jehovah, the God of our fathers, art not thou God in heaven? and art not thou ruler over all the kingdoms of the nations? and in thy hand is power and might, so that none is able to withstand thee.

7Didst not thou, O our God, drive out the inhabitants of this land before thy people Israel, and give it to the seed of Abraham thy friend for ever?

8And they dwelt therein, and have built thee a sanctuary therein for thy name, saying,

9If evil come upon us, the sword, judgment, or pestilence, or famine, we will stand before this house, and before thee (for thy name is in this house), and cry unto thee in our affliction, and thou wilt hear and save.

10And now, behold, the children of Ammon and Moab and mount Seir, whom thou wouldest not let Israel invade, when they came out of the land of Egypt, but they turned aside from them, and destroyed them not;

11behold, how they reward us, to come to cast us out of thy possession, which thou hast given us to inherit.

12O our God, wilt thou not judge them? for we have no might against this great company that cometh against us; neither know we what to do: but our eyes are upon thee.

13And all Judah stood before Jehovah, with their little ones, their wives, and their children.

14Then upon Jahaziel the son of Zechariah, the son of Benaiah, the son of Jeiel, the son of Mattaniah, the Levite, of the sons of Asaph, came the Spirit of Jehovah in the midst of the assembly;

15and he said, Hearken ye, all Judah, and ye inhabitants of Jerusalem, and thou king Jehoshaphat: Thus saith Jehovah unto you, Fear not ye, neither be dismayed by reason of this great multitude; for the battle is not yours, but God’s.

16To-morrow go ye down against them: behold, they come up by the ascent of Ziz; and ye shall find them at the end of the valley, before the wilderness of Jeruel.

17Ye shall not need to fight in this battle: set yourselves, stand ye still, and see the salvation of Jehovah with you, O Judah and Jerusalem; fear not, nor be dismayed: to-morrow go out against them; for Jehovah is with you.

18And Jehoshaphat bowed his head with his face to the ground; and all Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem fell down before Jehovah, worshipping Jehovah.

19And the Levites, of the children of the Kohathites and of the children of the Korahites, stood up to praise Jehovah, the God of Israel, with an exceeding loud voice.

20And they rose early in the morning, and went forth into the wilderness of Tekoa: and as they went forth, Jehoshaphat stood and said, Hear me, O Judah, and ye inhabitants of Jerusalem: believe in Jehovah your God, so shall ye be established; believe his prophets, so shall ye prosper.

21And when he had taken counsel with the people, he appointed them that should sing unto Jehovah, and give praise in holy array, as they went out before the army, and say, Give thanks unto Jehovah; for his lovingkindness endureth for ever.

22And when they began to sing and to praise, Jehovah set liers-in-wait against the children of Ammon, Moab, and mount Seir, that were come against Judah; and they were smitten.

23For the children of Ammon and Moab stood up against the inhabitants of mount Seir, utterly to slay and destroy them: and when they had made an end of the inhabitants of Seir, every one helped to destroy another.

24And when Judah came to the watch-tower of the wilderness, they looked upon the multitude; and, behold, they were dead bodies fallen to the earth, and there were none that escaped.

25And when Jehoshaphat and his people came to take the spoil of them, they found among them in abundance both riches and dead bodies, and precious jewels, which they stripped off for themselves, more than they could carry away: and they were three days in taking the spoil, it was so much.

26And on the fourth day they assembled themselves in the valley of Beracah; for there they blessed Jehovah: therefore the name of that place was called The valley of Beracah unto this day.

27Then they returned, every man of Judah and Jerusalem, and Jehoshaphat in the forefront of them, to go again to Jerusalem with joy; for Jehovah had made them to rejoice over their enemies.

28And they came to Jerusalem with psalteries and harps and trumpets unto the house of Jehovah.

29And the fear of God was on all the kingdoms of the countries, when they heard that Jehovah fought against the enemies of Israel.

30So the realm of Jehoshaphat was quiet; for his God gave him rest round about.

31And Jehoshaphat reigned over Judah: he was thirty and five years old when he began to reign; and he reigned twenty and five years in Jerusalem: and his mother’s name was Azubah the daughter of Shilhi.

32And he walked in the way of Asa his father, and turned not aside from it, doing that which was right in the eyes of Jehovah.

33Howbeit the high places were not taken away; neither as yet had the people set their hearts unto the God of their fathers.

34Now the rest of the acts of Jehoshaphat, first and last, behold, they are written in the history of Jehu the son of Hanani, which is inserted in the book of the kings of Israel.

35And after this did Jehoshaphat king of Judah join himself with Ahaziah king of Israel; the same did very wickedly:

36and he joined himself with him to make ships to go to Tarshish; and they made the ships in Ezion-geber.

37Then Eliezer the son of Dodavahu of Mareshah prophesied against Jehoshaphat, saying, Because thou hast joined thyself with Ahaziah, Jehovah hath destroyed thy works. And the ships were broken, so that they were not able to go to Tarshish.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Chronicles 20.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The danger and distress of Judah. (1–13). Jahaziel's prophecy of victory. (14–19). The thanksgiving of Judah. (20–30). Jehoshaphat's alliance with Ahaziah. (31–37).

vv1-13

In all dangers, public or personal, our first business should be to seek help from God. Hence the advantage of days for national fasting and prayer. From the first to the last of our seeking the Lord, we must approach him with humiliation for our sins, trusting only in his mercy and power. Jehoshaphat acknowledges the sovereign dominion of the Divine Providence. Lord, exert it on our behalf. Whom should we seek to, whom should we trust to for relief, but the God we have chosen and served. Those that use what they have for God, may comfortably hope he will secure it to them. Every true believer is a son of Abraham, a friend of God; with such the everlasting covenant is established, to such every promise belongs. We are assured of God's love, by his dwelling in human nature in the person of the Saviour. Jehoshaphat mentions the temple, as a token of God's favourable presence. He pleads the injustice of his enemies. We may well appeal to God against those that render us evil for good. Though he had a great army, he said, We have no might without thee; we rely upon thee.

vv14-19

The Spirit of prophecy came upon a Levite in the midst of the congregation. The Spirit, like the wind, blows where and on whom He listeth. He encouraged them to trust in God. Let the Christian soldier go out against his spiritual enemies, and the God of peace will make him more than a conqueror. Our trials will prove our gain. The advantage will be all our own, but the whole glory must be given to God.

vv20-30

Jehoshaphat exhorted his troops to firm faith in God. Faith inspires a man with true courage; nor will any thing help more to the establishing of the heart in shaking times, than a firm belief of the power, and mercy, and promise of God. In all our trust in the Lord, and our praises of him, let us especially look at his everlasting mercy to sinners through Jesus Christ. Never was an army so destroyed as that of the enemy. Thus God often makes wicked people destroy one another. And never was a victory celebrated with more solemn thanksgivings.

Cross References

2 Chronicles 20
v351 Kings 22:49thematic

Shows the aftermath where Jehoshaphat, warned by God's judgment, refused Ahaziah's next offer.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v7James 2:23thematic

Echoes the rare title given to Abraham as 'thy friend' ('the friend of God').

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v7Isaiah 41:8thematic

Directly parallel designation of Abraham as the friend of God in covenant relation.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v15Exodus 14:13thematic

Exhibits identical language: 'Fear ye not, stand still, and see the salvation of the Lord.'

Supported by JFB

The location where Jehoshaphat stood was the brazen scaffold built by Solomon.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v13Joel 2:16thematic

Illustrates the practice of gathering entire families, including little ones and infants, for national fasts.

Supported by JFB

v21Psalms 136:1-26quotation

The precise Levitical anthem sung: 'Praise the Lord; for his mercy endureth for ever.'

Supported by JFB

v351 Kings 22:48thematic

The parallel account in Kings of the ships of Tarshish being broken at Ezion-geber.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v2Genesis 14:7thematic

Identifies Hazezon-tamar as Engedi, utilizing its ancient historical name.

Supported by JFB

Jehoshaphat's fear was fueled by Jehu's recent prophecy of wrath against him.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v91 Kings 8:37thematic

Solomon's temple dedication prayer, which Jehoshaphat quotes verbatim regarding judgment, pestilence, and famine.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v10Deuteronomy 2:5thematic

God's explicit command forbidding Israel from invading or taking Mount Seir from Esau.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v22Judges 7:22thematic

Historical precedent of God throwing invading enemies into mutual self-destruction.

Supported by Matthew Henry

The established Davidic order of Levitical singers who led the praises.

Supported by JFB

v26Joel 3:2allusion

Prophetic link identifying the Valley of Jehoshaphat (decision/judgment) with the Valley of Berachah.

Supported by Matthew Henry