2 Chronicles 20NKJV
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2 Chronicles20

New King James Version

1It happened after this that the people of Moab with the people of Ammon, and others with them besides the Ammonites, came to battle against Jehoshaphat.

2Then some came and told Jehoshaphat, saying, “A great multitude is coming against you from beyond the sea, from Syria; and they are in Hazazon Tamar” (which is En Gedi).

3And Jehoshaphat feared, and set himself to seek the Lord, and proclaimed a fast throughout all Judah.

4So Judah gathered together to ask help from the Lord; and from all the cities of Judah they came to seek the Lord.

5Then Jehoshaphat stood in the assembly of Judah and Jerusalem, in the house of the Lord, before the new court,

6and said: “O Lord God of our fathers, are You not God in heaven, and do You not rule over all the kingdoms of the nations, and in Your hand is there not power and might, so that no one is able to withstand You?

7Are You not our God, who drove out the inhabitants of this land before Your people Israel, and gave it to the descendants of Abraham Your friend forever?

8And they dwell in it, and have built You a sanctuary in it for Your name, saying,

9‘If disaster comes upon us—sword, judgment, pestilence, or famine—we will stand before this temple and in Your presence (for Your name is in this temple), and cry out to You in our affliction, and You will hear and save.’

10And now, here are the people of Ammon, Moab, and Mount Seir—whom You would not let Israel invade when they came out of the land of Egypt, but they turned from them and did not destroy them—

11here they are, rewarding us by coming to throw us out of Your possession which You have given us to inherit.

12O our God, will You not judge them? For we have no power against this great multitude that is coming against us; nor do we know what to do, but our eyes are upon You.”

13Now all Judah, with their little ones, their wives, and their children, stood before the Lord.

14Then the Spirit of the Lord came upon Jahaziel the son of Zechariah, the son of Benaiah, the son of Jeiel, the son of Mattaniah, a Levite of the sons of Asaph, in the midst of the assembly.

15And he said, “Listen, all you of Judah and you inhabitants of Jerusalem, and you, King Jehoshaphat! Thus says the Lord to you: ‘Do not be afraid nor dismayed because of this great multitude, for the battle is not yours, but God’s.

16Tomorrow go down against them. They will surely come up by the Ascent of Ziz, and you will find them at the end of the brook before the Wilderness of Jeruel.

17You will not need to fight in this battle. Position yourselves, stand still and see the salvation of the Lord, who is with you, O Judah and Jerusalem!’ Do not fear or be dismayed; tomorrow go out against them, for the Lord is with you.”

18And Jehoshaphat bowed his head with his face to the ground, and all Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem bowed before the Lord, worshiping the Lord.

19Then the Levites of the children of the Kohathites and of the children of the Korahites stood up to praise the Lord God of Israel with voices loud and high.

20So they rose early in the morning and went out into the Wilderness of Tekoa; and as they went out, Jehoshaphat stood and said, “Hear me, O Judah and you inhabitants of Jerusalem: Believe in the Lord your God, and you shall be established; believe His prophets, and you shall prosper.”

21And when he had consulted with the people, he appointed those who should sing to the Lord, and who should praise the beauty of holiness, as they went out before the army and were saying: “Praise the Lord, For His mercy endures forever.”

22Now when they began to sing and to praise, the Lord set ambushes against the people of Ammon, Moab, and Mount Seir, who had come against Judah; and they were defeated.

23For the people of Ammon and Moab stood up against the inhabitants of Mount Seir to utterly kill and destroy them. And when they had made an end of the inhabitants of Seir, they helped to destroy one another.

24So when Judah came to a place overlooking the wilderness, they looked toward the multitude; and there were their dead bodies, fallen on the earth. No one had escaped.

25When Jehoshaphat and his people came to take away their spoil, they found among them an abundance of valuables on the dead bodies, and precious jewelry, which they stripped off for themselves, more than they could carry away; and they were three days gathering the spoil because there was so much.

26And on the fourth day they assembled in the Valley of Berachah, for there they blessed the Lord; therefore the name of that place was called The Valley of Berachah until this day.

27Then they returned, every man of Judah and Jerusalem, with Jehoshaphat in front of them, to go back to Jerusalem with joy, for the Lord had made them rejoice over their enemies.

28So they came to Jerusalem, with stringed instruments and harps and trumpets, to the house of the Lord.

29And the fear of God was on all the kingdoms of those countries when they heard that the Lord had fought against the enemies of Israel.

30Then the realm of Jehoshaphat was quiet, for his God gave him rest all around.

31So Jehoshaphat was king over Judah. He was thirty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned twenty-five years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Azubah the daughter of Shilhi.

32And he walked in the way of his father Asa, and did not turn aside from it, doing what was right in the sight of the Lord.

33Nevertheless the high places were not taken away, for as yet the people had not directed their hearts to the God of their fathers.

34Now the rest of the acts of Jehoshaphat, first and last, indeed they are written in the book of Jehu the son of Hanani, which is mentioned in the book of the kings of Israel.

35After this Jehoshaphat king of Judah allied himself with Ahaziah king of Israel, who acted very wickedly.

36And he allied himself with him to make ships to go to Tarshish, and they made the ships in Ezion Geber.

37But Eliezer the son of Dodavah of Mareshah prophesied against Jehoshaphat, saying, “Because you have allied yourself with Ahaziah, the Lord has destroyed your works.” Then the ships were wrecked, so that they were not able to go to Tarshish.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Chronicles 20.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The danger and distress of Judah. (1–13). Jahaziel's prophecy of victory. (14–19). The thanksgiving of Judah. (20–30). Jehoshaphat's alliance with Ahaziah. (31–37).

vv1-13

In all dangers, public or personal, our first business should be to seek help from God. Hence the advantage of days for national fasting and prayer. From the first to the last of our seeking the Lord, we must approach him with humiliation for our sins, trusting only in his mercy and power. Jehoshaphat acknowledges the sovereign dominion of the Divine Providence. Lord, exert it on our behalf. Whom should we seek to, whom should we trust to for relief, but the God we have chosen and served. Those that use what they have for God, may comfortably hope he will secure it to them. Every true believer is a son of Abraham, a friend of God; with such the everlasting covenant is established, to such every promise belongs. We are assured of God's love, by his dwelling in human nature in the person of the Saviour. Jehoshaphat mentions the temple, as a token of God's favourable presence. He pleads the injustice of his enemies. We may well appeal to God against those that render us evil for good. Though he had a great army, he said, We have no might without thee; we rely upon thee.

vv14-19

The Spirit of prophecy came upon a Levite in the midst of the congregation. The Spirit, like the wind, blows where and on whom He listeth. He encouraged them to trust in God. Let the Christian soldier go out against his spiritual enemies, and the God of peace will make him more than a conqueror. Our trials will prove our gain. The advantage will be all our own, but the whole glory must be given to God.

vv20-30

Jehoshaphat exhorted his troops to firm faith in God. Faith inspires a man with true courage; nor will any thing help more to the establishing of the heart in shaking times, than a firm belief of the power, and mercy, and promise of God. In all our trust in the Lord, and our praises of him, let us especially look at his everlasting mercy to sinners through Jesus Christ. Never was an army so destroyed as that of the enemy. Thus God often makes wicked people destroy one another. And never was a victory celebrated with more solemn thanksgivings.

Cross References

2 Chronicles 20
v351 Kings 22:49thematic

Shows the aftermath where Jehoshaphat, warned by God's judgment, refused Ahaziah's next offer.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v7James 2:23thematic

Echoes the rare title given to Abraham as 'thy friend' ('the friend of God').

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v7Isaiah 41:8thematic

Directly parallel designation of Abraham as the friend of God in covenant relation.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v15Exodus 14:13thematic

Exhibits identical language: 'Fear ye not, stand still, and see the salvation of the Lord.'

Supported by JFB

The location where Jehoshaphat stood was the brazen scaffold built by Solomon.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v13Joel 2:16thematic

Illustrates the practice of gathering entire families, including little ones and infants, for national fasts.

Supported by JFB

v21Psalms 136:1-26quotation

The precise Levitical anthem sung: 'Praise the Lord; for his mercy endureth for ever.'

Supported by JFB

v351 Kings 22:48thematic

The parallel account in Kings of the ships of Tarshish being broken at Ezion-geber.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v2Genesis 14:7thematic

Identifies Hazezon-tamar as Engedi, utilizing its ancient historical name.

Supported by JFB

Jehoshaphat's fear was fueled by Jehu's recent prophecy of wrath against him.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v91 Kings 8:37thematic

Solomon's temple dedication prayer, which Jehoshaphat quotes verbatim regarding judgment, pestilence, and famine.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v10Deuteronomy 2:5thematic

God's explicit command forbidding Israel from invading or taking Mount Seir from Esau.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v22Judges 7:22thematic

Historical precedent of God throwing invading enemies into mutual self-destruction.

Supported by Matthew Henry

The established Davidic order of Levitical singers who led the praises.

Supported by JFB

v26Joel 3:2allusion

Prophetic link identifying the Valley of Jehoshaphat (decision/judgment) with the Valley of Berachah.

Supported by Matthew Henry