2 Chronicles 20WEB
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2 Chronicles20

World English Bible · Public Domain

1After this, the children of Moab, the children of Ammon, and with them some of the Ammonites, came against Jehoshaphat to battle.

2Then some came who told Jehoshaphat, saying, “A great multitude is coming against you from beyond the sea from Syria. Behold, they are in Hazazon Tamar” (that is, En Gedi).

3Jehoshaphat was alarmed, and set himself to seek Yahweh. He proclaimed a fast throughout all Judah.

4Judah gathered themselves together to seek help from Yahweh. They came out of all the cities of Judah to seek Yahweh.

5Jehoshaphat stood in the assembly of Judah and Jerusalem, in Yahweh’s house, before the new court;

6and he said, “Yahweh, the God of our fathers, aren’t you God in heaven? Aren’t you ruler over all the kingdoms of the nations? Power and might are in your hand, so that no one is able to withstand you.

7Didn’t you, our God, drive out the inhabitants of this land before your people Israel, and give it to the offspring of Abraham your friend forever?

8They lived in it, and have built you a sanctuary in it for your name, saying,

9‘If evil comes on us—the sword, judgment, pestilence, or famine—we will stand before this house, and before you (for your name is in this house), and cry to you in our affliction, and you will hear and save.’

10Now, behold, the children of Ammon and Moab and Mount Seir, whom you would not let Israel invade when they came out of the land of Egypt, but they turned away from them, and didn’t destroy them;

11behold, how they reward us, to come to cast us out of your possession, which you have given us to inherit.

12Our God, will you not judge them? For we have no might against this great company that comes against us. We don’t know what to do, but our eyes are on you.”

13All Judah stood before Yahweh, with their little ones, their wives, and their children.

14Then Yahweh’s Spirit came on Jahaziel the son of Zechariah, the son of Benaiah, the son of Jeiel, the son of Mattaniah, the Levite, of the sons of Asaph, in the middle of the assembly;

15and he said, “Listen, all Judah, and you inhabitants of Jerusalem, and you, King Jehoshaphat. Yahweh says to you, ‘Don’t be afraid, and don’t be dismayed because of this great multitude; for the battle is not yours, but God’s.

16Tomorrow, go down against them. Behold, they are coming up by the ascent of Ziz. You will find them at the end of the valley, before the wilderness of Jeruel.

17You will not need to fight this battle. Set yourselves, stand still, and see the salvation of Yahweh with you, O Judah and Jerusalem. Don’t be afraid, nor be dismayed. Go out against them tomorrow, for Yahweh is with you.’”

18Jehoshaphat bowed his head with his face to the ground; and all Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem fell down before Yahweh, worshiping Yahweh.

19The Levites, of the children of the Kohathites and of the children of the Korahites, stood up to praise Yahweh, the God of Israel, with an exceedingly loud voice.

20They rose early in the morning and went out into the wilderness of Tekoa. As they went out, Jehoshaphat stood and said, “Listen to me, Judah and you inhabitants of Jerusalem! Believe in Yahweh your God, so you will be established! Believe his prophets, so you will prosper.”

21When he had taken counsel with the people, he appointed those who were to sing to Yahweh and give praise in holy array as they go out before the army, and say, “Give thanks to Yahweh, for his loving kindness endures forever.”

22When they began to sing and to praise, Yahweh set ambushers against the children of Ammon, Moab, and Mount Seir, who had come against Judah; and they were struck.

23For the children of Ammon and Moab stood up against the inhabitants of Mount Seir to utterly kill and destroy them. When they had finished the inhabitants of Seir, everyone helped to destroy each other.

24When Judah came to the place overlooking the wilderness, they looked at the multitude; and behold, they were dead bodies fallen to the earth, and there were none who escaped.

25When Jehoshaphat and his people came to take their plunder, they found among them in abundance both riches and dead bodies with precious jewels, which they stripped off for themselves, more than they could carry away. They took plunder for three days, it was so much.

26On the fourth day, they assembled themselves in Beracah Valley, for there they blessed Yahweh. Therefore the name of that place was called “Beracah Valley” to this day.

27Then they returned, every man of Judah and Jerusalem, with Jehoshaphat in front of them, to go again to Jerusalem with joy; for Yahweh had made them to rejoice over their enemies.

28They came to Jerusalem with stringed instruments, harps, and trumpets to Yahweh’s house.

29The fear of God was on all the kingdoms of the countries when they heard that Yahweh fought against the enemies of Israel.

30So the realm of Jehoshaphat was quiet, for his God gave him rest all around.

31So Jehoshaphat reigned over Judah. He was thirty-five years old when he began to reign. He reigned twenty-five years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Azubah the daughter of Shilhi.

32He walked in the way of Asa his father, and didn’t turn away from it, doing that which was right in Yahweh’s eyes.

33However the high places were not taken away, and the people had still not set their hearts on the God of their fathers.

34Now the rest of the acts of Jehoshaphat, first and last, behold, they are written in the history of Jehu the son of Hanani, which is included in the book of the kings of Israel.

35After this, Jehoshaphat king of Judah joined himself with Ahaziah king of Israel. The same did very wickedly.

36He joined himself with him to make ships to go to Tarshish. They made the ships in Ezion Geber.

37Then Eliezer the son of Dodavahu of Mareshah prophesied against Jehoshaphat, saying, “Because you have joined yourself with Ahaziah, Yahweh has destroyed your works.” The ships were wrecked, so that they were not able to go to Tarshish.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Chronicles 20.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The danger and distress of Judah. (1–13). Jahaziel's prophecy of victory. (14–19). The thanksgiving of Judah. (20–30). Jehoshaphat's alliance with Ahaziah. (31–37).

vv1-13

In all dangers, public or personal, our first business should be to seek help from God. Hence the advantage of days for national fasting and prayer. From the first to the last of our seeking the Lord, we must approach him with humiliation for our sins, trusting only in his mercy and power. Jehoshaphat acknowledges the sovereign dominion of the Divine Providence. Lord, exert it on our behalf. Whom should we seek to, whom should we trust to for relief, but the God we have chosen and served. Those that use what they have for God, may comfortably hope he will secure it to them. Every true believer is a son of Abraham, a friend of God; with such the everlasting covenant is established, to such every promise belongs. We are assured of God's love, by his dwelling in human nature in the person of the Saviour. Jehoshaphat mentions the temple, as a token of God's favourable presence. He pleads the injustice of his enemies. We may well appeal to God against those that render us evil for good. Though he had a great army, he said, We have no might without thee; we rely upon thee.

vv14-19

The Spirit of prophecy came upon a Levite in the midst of the congregation. The Spirit, like the wind, blows where and on whom He listeth. He encouraged them to trust in God. Let the Christian soldier go out against his spiritual enemies, and the God of peace will make him more than a conqueror. Our trials will prove our gain. The advantage will be all our own, but the whole glory must be given to God.

vv20-30

Jehoshaphat exhorted his troops to firm faith in God. Faith inspires a man with true courage; nor will any thing help more to the establishing of the heart in shaking times, than a firm belief of the power, and mercy, and promise of God. In all our trust in the Lord, and our praises of him, let us especially look at his everlasting mercy to sinners through Jesus Christ. Never was an army so destroyed as that of the enemy. Thus God often makes wicked people destroy one another. And never was a victory celebrated with more solemn thanksgivings.

Cross References

2 Chronicles 20
v351 Kings 22:49thematic

Shows the aftermath where Jehoshaphat, warned by God's judgment, refused Ahaziah's next offer.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v7James 2:23thematic

Echoes the rare title given to Abraham as 'thy friend' ('the friend of God').

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v7Isaiah 41:8thematic

Directly parallel designation of Abraham as the friend of God in covenant relation.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v15Exodus 14:13thematic

Exhibits identical language: 'Fear ye not, stand still, and see the salvation of the Lord.'

Supported by JFB

The location where Jehoshaphat stood was the brazen scaffold built by Solomon.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v13Joel 2:16thematic

Illustrates the practice of gathering entire families, including little ones and infants, for national fasts.

Supported by JFB

v21Psalms 136:1-26quotation

The precise Levitical anthem sung: 'Praise the Lord; for his mercy endureth for ever.'

Supported by JFB

v351 Kings 22:48thematic

The parallel account in Kings of the ships of Tarshish being broken at Ezion-geber.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v2Genesis 14:7thematic

Identifies Hazezon-tamar as Engedi, utilizing its ancient historical name.

Supported by JFB

Jehoshaphat's fear was fueled by Jehu's recent prophecy of wrath against him.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v91 Kings 8:37thematic

Solomon's temple dedication prayer, which Jehoshaphat quotes verbatim regarding judgment, pestilence, and famine.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v10Deuteronomy 2:5thematic

God's explicit command forbidding Israel from invading or taking Mount Seir from Esau.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v22Judges 7:22thematic

Historical precedent of God throwing invading enemies into mutual self-destruction.

Supported by Matthew Henry

The established Davidic order of Levitical singers who led the praises.

Supported by JFB

v26Joel 3:2allusion

Prophetic link identifying the Valley of Jehoshaphat (decision/judgment) with the Valley of Berachah.

Supported by Matthew Henry